CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN CELLS. Lesson 1.3

Transcription

1 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN CELLS Lesson 1.3

2 Review Element Examples,, Compound Examples,,

3 Review Element - Any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances Examples Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen Compound - Formed when two or more elements combine chemically; the smallest unit is called a molecule. Examples CO2, H2O, C6 H12O6

4 Compounds In Cells Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Proteins Lipids Water

5 Carbohydrates How your body gets it: Sugars Starches What your cells do with it: Cell Wall Cell Membrane Stored Energy

6 Lipids How your body gets it: Fats Oils What your cells do with it: Cell Membrane Stored Energy

7 Proteins How your body gets it: Meats Dairy Beans Nuts What your cells do with it: Organelles Enzymes Cell Membrane

8 Nucleic Acids How your body gets it: Red Meat Shellfish Mushrooms Peas What your cells do with it: Genetic Material

9 Water How your body gets it: Drinking High Moisture Foods What your cells do with it: Allows Chemicals to React Cell Shape Temperature Control Movement of Substances

10 Clarifying Vocabulary Organic Food- are foods that are produced using methods that do not involve modern synthetic inputs such as synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers, do not contain genetically modified organisms, and are not processed using irradiation, industrial solvents, or chemical food additives. (Wikipedia) Inorganic Food - Opposite of organic food... basically everything you eat! Organic Compound - any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. (Wikipedia) Inorganic Compound - are of inanimate, not biological origin. Inorganic compounds lack carbon and hydrogen atoms and are synthesized by the agency of geological systems. (Wikipedia)

11 THE CELL IN ITS ENVIRONMENT Lesson 1.4

12 The Cell Membrane Mostly made of Also has some & Is Selectively Permeable which means

13 The Cell Membrane Mostly made of Lipids Also has some Carbohydrates & Proteins Is Selectively Permeable which means that some substances can flow across, while others cannot.

14 Transport within the Cell

15 Transport within the Cell Active Passive

16 Active versus Passive Transport Molecule Concentration - Ultimately decides whether the transport will be active or passive. Active Transport - Passive Transport -

17 Active versus Passive Transport Molecule Concentration - Ultimately decides whether the transport will be active or passive. Active Transport - The movement of dissolved materials across a cell membrane using the cell s energy Passive Transport - The movement of dissolved materials across a cell membrane without using the cell s energy

18 Transport within the Cell Active Endocytosis Exocytosis

19 Basic Active Transport

20 Other Types of Active Transport Endocytosis Exocytosis

21 Other Types of Active Transport Endocytosis When substances are too large to cross the cell membrane, the cell changes shape and engulfs the particle. It is sometimes called cell eating or phagocytosis. Exocytosis Allows large particles to leave the cell.

22 Transport within the Cell Passive Diffusion Osmosis

23 Types of Passive Transport Diffusion Osmosis

24 Types of Passive Transport Diffusion The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Molecules can simply cross the membrane or facilitated by proteins. Osmosis The diffusion of water (specifically and only water!)

25 Transport within the Cell Active Passive Endocytosis Diffusion Exocytosis Osmosis

26 Practice Problems Decide if each picture represents: Basic Active Transport, Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Diffusion or Osmosis

27 Practice Problems Decide if each picture represents: Basic Active Transport, Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Diffusion or Osmosis Diffusion Basic Active Transport Osmosis Endocytosis Exocytosis