Learning Guide. Molecules to Cells Week Two

Transcription

1 Learning Guide Molecules to Cells Week Two 1

2 Learning Session Learning Resource Learning Objective Assessment ILA 2 ph, Amino Acids, and Peptides TBL 2 Molecular Tools of Genetic Diagnosis Lecture 13 Introduction to Membrane Lipids Devlin, Chapter 1 pp. 4-11, Chapter 3 ILA 2 should be completed before LEC 14 ILA 1; Devlin, Chapter 7, pp Devlin, Chapter 12, pp ; Supplemental: Harper, Chapter 15 Explain general properties of acids and bases in terms of chemical equations, dissociation constants, and ph. Explain general properties of buffers and describe specific physiological buffer systems. Explain and apply the Henderson- Hasselbalch equation. Identify the structures of the twenty genetically encoded amino acids and their standard one-letter and threeletter abbreviations. Describe the basic chemical properties of each amino acid, including common modifications. Describe the structure and formation of peptide bonds. Interpret data from various scientific techniques including Southern, Northern and Western blotting, and PCR. Recognize sphingolipids and identify ceramide, sphingomyelin, cerebrosides, globosides, gangliosides. Memorize and identify blood group antigens O, A and B. Recognize glycerophospholipids and identify phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, cardiolipin. Recognize cholesterol and identify the polar group 2 TBL 3 IRAT/GRAT IRAT/GRAT

3 Lecture 14 Protein Structure Devlin, Chapter 3; Chapter 6 pp Describe the lipid composition of biological membranes, the role of cholesterol in membrane fluidity and the mobility of lipids in membranes. Memorize the lipids involved in signal transduction and recognize the structure of phosphatidylinositol-4,5 biphosphate (PIP2), inositol triphosphate (IP3), diacylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5 triphosphate (PIP3). Explain the role of Phospholipase C (PLC) and PI-3 kinase in signal transduction. Define the general properties of artificial lipid bilayers, the structure of liposomes and the use of liposomes as carriers of drugs. Describe the four levels of protein structure and identify key structural elements and interactions at each level. Describe how proteins fold and explain the roles of accessory factors and chaperones in the folding process. Explain techniques commonly used to purify, identify, and characterize proteins. Describe the structure and synthesis of collagen and identify key structural elements unique to collagen. Explain the structural causes of diseases linked to collagen deficiency. TBL 3 IRAT/GRAT 3

4 Lecture 15 Myoglobin & Hemoglobin Lecture 16 Protein Mutations & Disease Lecture 17 Complex Carbohydrates Devlin, Chapter 9, pp Devlin, Chapter 4, pp ; Chapter 9, p. 354; Chapter 24, p. 1014; Chapter 6, p. 231; Chapter 12, p. 494 Harper, Chapter 14; Devlin, Chapter 16, pp (Sections ); Clinical Correlations 3.5 and 21.5 You are responsible for Devlin Clinical Correlations 3.5, 16.12, 16.13, and 21.5, and the Lecture 17 Study Guide. List the functions of myoglobin and hemoglobin. Interpret an oxygen saturation curve Describe the conditions that change the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin (specifically ph, CO2, and 2,3- bisphosphoglycerate). Relate the structure/function relationships for hemoglobin i.e. how changes in structure allow changes in function. Explain how mutations can alter the properties or functions of proteins and produce specific diseases. Describe the basic types of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates of physiologic and clinical significance. Explain the functions of carbohydrates. Discuss the biosynthesis of N-linked and O-linked glycans on glycoproteins. Relate how deficiencies in breakdown or biosynthesis of carbohydrates can result in disease. See the Lecture 17 Study Guide for further elaboration of these objectives. The material in Clinical Correlations 16.9, 16.10, and will NOT be on. A study guide for Lecture 17 is posted on O2. 4

5 TBL 3 Protein Structure ILA 2; Lecture 14; Devlin, Chapter 1, pp. 4-11; Chapter 3; Chapter 6, pp Apply knowledge of protein structure from Lecture 14 and OLM 2 to clinical and experimental problems. IRAT/GRAT Lecture 18 Stem Cells and Differentiation Molecules to Cells Tutorial Cooper 6 th Edition, Chapter 17, pp Cooper 7 th Edition, Chapter 18, pp No Assignment Define stem cells. Explain how differentiated adult cells are derived. Describe what the different levels of stem cell potency are. Describe sources of stem cells including induced pluripotent stem cells. Explain the determinants of cellular differentiation and the process of lineage progression. Describe therapeutic potential for stem cells. Relate why stem cells have been so controversial. 5