Ceratonova shasta infection and disease in Feather and Sacramento River juvenile Chinook

Transcription

1 Ceratnva shasta infectin and disease in Feather and Sacrament River juvenile Chink J.Sctt Ftt, Jennifer Jacbs, Kim True, Rn Stne, Ken Nichls, Sctt Fruend, Ann Vss, Sctt Vss and Alana Imrie (DWR)

2 Ceratnva (Ceratmyxa) shasta (Cs) Multicellular trphzite Myxzan parasite f PNW salmnids Endemic t Central Valley and Klamath drainages Enternecrsis with hemrrhage and anemia Prgressive disease a functin f: challenge dse, ITS1 Hst specific Gentype, & temperature

3 Parvicapsula minibicrnis (Pm) Myxzan parasite f PNW salmnids Endemic t Central Valley and Klamath drainages C-infectin with C.shasta (higher POI) Glmerulnephritis plasma imbalance Grssly swllen kidney Nt as virulent as C.shasta Trphzite in glmerulus

4 Life cycle Alternate hst (Cs & Pm)= Manayunkia specisa (1-5mm) Tube building filter feeder in velcity prtected habitats Gill - bld -tissue Myxspre Released after death Plychaete tubes Klamath River J. Alexander, OSU Actinspre released frm plychaete M. specisa Diagram Barthlmew lab

5 Actinspre cncentratin and expsure duratin = challenge dse influences disease respnse 5-10 spre/lx 3day Cmmn detectin in Sacrament Chink Adults WCS LFS FCS (1995 present) >50% CS& Pm Actinspres present mst f the year in Sacrament river

6 Survey Techniques Wild fish (histlgy and QPCR) Sentinel fish (infect white mice with standard challenge) edna filter water (spre/liter) Adult carcass survey fr intestinal myxspres

7 Feather R present high& lw flw Infectius Zne Tp f High flw ~12mi 12 RM Lw flw 24 RM

8 Feather R. High flw Natural FCS Cs POI (Jan-May) Cs Histlgy POI % ( ) Cs QPCR POI 48 80% ( ) Actinspres detected beginning in January (~11C) Earlier than Klamath R. 100% 90% Pm POI % 80% 70% 60% 76% 50% 40% 48% 35% 37% 30% 20% 10% 0% 24% 23% 25% 23% 1% 8% CS1 CS2

9 Feather R. Infectius Zne % 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 40% 50% 8% 67% 82% 90% 0% 30% 20% 50% 46% 10% 0% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 8% 8% 9% 10% CS1 CS2 QPCR CS% By mid March majrity salmn with clinical infectins

10 Infectius Zne Infectius zne = Start f High flw past Gridley (>12rm) Cs POI in lw flw = 0-13% all asymptmatic infectins CsPOI 24rm belw infectius zne (belw Yuba R.) Variable CsPOI week t week CS2 POI less than Herringer (drp ut) Unknwn cntributin f Yuba R. salmn Further dwnriver = less expsure histry 100% Few fish diseased at time f capture 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 25% 0% 8% 50% 8% 58% 0% 75% 0% 50% CS1 CS2 QPCR CS%

11 3-Dec 10-Dec 17-Dec 24-Dec 31-Dec 7-Jan 14-Jan 21-Jan 28-Jan 4-Feb 11-Feb 18-Feb 25-Feb 3-Mar Apr 14-Apr fry passage estimate IMPACT?? 2016 fry passage frm Infect. Zne (rm45) survival f migrant segments??? lder fry affected by disease % 58% 75% 91% % f passage

12 actinspre/l Cs edna March Extremely high cncentratins Lw flw High flw 5-10 spre/l 3d (KR) threshld Belw Yuba R Infectius ZONE Riverbend Steep Big Hle East Big Hle West Palm Upstream E. Side Develping Riffle Gridley Herringer Abve Yuba YC Launch Belw Yuba Shanghai Byds Beer Can Verna 18-Mar Mar Mar Mar 23-Mar 26-Mar

13 % and 60% Carcass myxspres in Lw flw millin/scraping 22% >500k Intact myxspres 86 and 52% 2015 Falls = 84%, Spring= 78% 52% f all >500k spres millin/scraping Billins f myxspre seeding HF each year Myxspre frm carcasses mve int IZ edna (myxspre) signal 30+d after spawning Similar data in 2015 Lw infectivity in 2017 nt likely due t lw myxspre input but assciated with high winter flws

14 keswick WCS RBDD L.Sac Tisdale& Knight srst

15 Sacrament R. Natural Fall-run Chink Juveniles April 2013 RB-KL. n=53 CS1=27%, Pm=61% Early stage infectins Drught March April 2014 Tisdale n = 110 frm 4 grups Held at wetlab 9 14d fr prgnsis f infectin 18 69% cum. mrtality, 91% assciated with Cs infectin 63-77% Cs-POI in 2 week survivrs N samples in 2015 due t lw catches El Nin Nrmal winter Feb -March2016, n= 51 CS1 = 33% all early infectin (Pm1=54%) similar t 2013 Ceratmyxsis is a prgressive disease 2-4wks unseen effect in wild juvenile ppulatins Drught cnditins assciated with lethal infectins (similar t FR) higher plychaete numbers and greater actinspre cncentratins in river? = ppulatin impact in sme years

16 Sept Nv 2015 (2nd yr drught) Sentinel CNFH LFS expsed 5d Sep21-25 at Balls Ferry (rm275) and RBDD (rm243) held fr 22dpe Balls Ferry Cs 94% Pm 69% RBDD Cs 86% Pm 50% enternecrsis by 22 dpe, mrtality likely if held lnger WCS fry RBDD Oct15- Nv29, n=80 (RBFWO- Jsmith/B Pytress mm - many had reared fr a perid f time CS 15% early state, Pm 81% Ich infectins late Oct mvement thrugh infectius zne - reduced challenge? Nt likely cause f lw egg fry bservatins Can still effect migrants due t prgressive nature Prmpted 2016 survey

17 Ceratnva shasta and Parvicapsula minibicrnis (Phylum Cnidaria: Myxsprea ) infectivity fr juvenile Chink salmn (Oncrhynchus tshawytscha) in the Upper Sacrament River: July Nvember 2016 J. Sctt Ftt 1*, Rn Stne 1, Sctt Vss 2, and Ken Nichls 1 Five sentinel expsures at 4 lcatins between July25 and Oct11, 5d expsures/21d rear Water edna 8 lcatins July13-Nv16 (OSU Barthlmew lab) Naturally-prduced WCS fry (n=80) Sep9 Nv3

18 Cs edna 7/13-11/16 Actinspre cncentratin trends : max temp=15c Lw level in study perid mst < 10 sp/l Increases in dwnstream fashin IZ ~ ARP dwnriver

19 Cs POI% All Dwnstream summer trend Similar t spre/l data Psse ARP Bend RBDD e1 e2 e3 e4 e Psse ARP Bend RBDD Pm POI e1 e2 e3 e4 e5

20 Frk Length(mm) Naturally prduced WCS fry (RBDD capture) POI CS1 = 5/79 (6%) CS2 = 1/79 (1%) PM1 = 6/62 (10%) All 3 methds indicate lw Cshasta infectivity & impact t WCS fry during 2016 study perid within the upper Sacrament R. reach 0 28-Aug 7-Sep 17-Sep 27-Sep 7-Oct 17-Oct 27-Oct 6-Nv Sample date

21 Summary Ceratmyxsis is a prgress disease clinical disease in 2-3 weeks pst expsure Difficult t mnitr in a large cmplex system (CV) Myxspres frm adults likely surce fr annual infectivity cycle Survey benefit frm using 3 surces f data edna, wild fish, and sentinel expsures Plychaete mnitring difficult (dive surveys) Water year affects bth in-seasn and future infectivity Lw flw, warmer temperatures favr plychaete ppulatin stability, parasite infectivity and rapid develpment in hst Disease may assert ppulatin impacts in drught years

22 Acknwledgements CDFW CDWR fishery bilgists USFWS Red Bluff FWO Ldi FWO OSU S Hallett, S Atkinsn