ANATOMY. lecture#: Date : Lecturer : Maher Hadidi

Transcription

1 ANATOMY 28 lecture#: Date : Lecturer : Maher Hadidi

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3 Superior vena -=- Blood inflow part is rough and outflow part is smooth. - _Arch of aorta Pulmonary trunk Tricuspid valve Right auricle Right atrium { Anterior cusp Septal cusp Posterior cusp Chorda tendineae Left auricle Pulmonary valve Infundibulum (smooth) eptal papillary muscle Septomarginal band (moderator band) Anterior papillary muscle Posterior papillary muscle Trabeculae carneae (spongelike appearance) 1

4 Interior of right Ventricle-1 Receives blood by, Tricuspid valve. Send blood to both lungs via Pulmonary valve. Wall thicker than right atrium. Supmior vena Right auricle. Right atrium.. \Anterior cusp Tricuspid 1 Septal cusp valve LPosterior cusp """ Blood inflow part is rough and outflow part is smooth.. Arch of aorta..infundibulum (smooth) pta! papillary muscle Septomarginal band \moderator band) Chorda tentlir~eo~ Anterior papiiijry muscle Posterior papillary muscle Trabeculae carneae (spongelike appearance) Spnng 2013 Or. MahN T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 54,.. L

5 Interior of right Ventricle-2 Has 2 walls: Y Anterior wall (inflow part). Rough with projecting cardiac muscle bundles forming a network of ridges. Example: Papillary muscles: Pyramidal in shape Base, attached to wall. Apex, projects into lumen of ventricles. Chorda tendininea extend from apex to free margin of cusps. Their contraction confirm closure of the valves. Y Posterior wall, mostly rough and partially smooth (outflow part) Superior vena Right a.: Blood inflow part is rough and outflow part is smooth. Arch of aorta Infundibulum (smooth) Anterior papillary muscle ~1 Posterior papillary muscie Septomarginal band (moderator band) Trabeculae carneae (spongel ke appearance) Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Had1di, University of Jordan 55 3

6 Left atrium Form base of heart -Receive blood by_: - 4 pulmonary veins. -Send blood bv: - Bicuspid valve to left ventricle. Ant. Wall: Rough, especially its auricle. Post. Wall: Smooth. Left auricle I APEX Arch of aorta Left ventricle ve1ns of fora111en ovale Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 56

7 Arch of aorta Aortic vestibule (smooth) -~ Anterior cusp of bicuspid valve Cordae tendineae Pulmonary arteries Anterior papilla muscle vems Trabeculae carneae.., Left atrium Posterior papillary muscle Posterior cusp Coronary sinus (coronary vein) 5

8 );-Main chamber of the heart. ~Form apex of the heart. Receive blood by: Bicuspid valve Send blood by: Aortic valve. "Y Has thicker wall. Ant. Wall (septum): Smooth in part. Post. Wall: Rough. Left ventricle Arch of aorta Aortic vestibule (smooth) Cordae tendineae Anterior papill muscle Trabeculae carneae Posterior papillary / muscle Posterior cusp arteries,.. Pu!rnunarl '/8 11S Spring 2013 Dr, Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 58 6

9 ..:~ Comparison between the two ventricles. Interventricular septum Anterior interventricular sulcus Wall, thin,._. Cavity, cresent -~~ Pressure, Lower--~ ~ Wall 3 times thicher than right,.,_.. cavity~ Circular Posterior interventncular sulcus ~<~---Pressure, higher than right PosTERIOR Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 59 7

10 Rt. coronary:.. From ascending aorta - Smaller than the Left - Pass in coronary sulcus between PT and Rt auricle. - Pass at inferior surface. - Branches: 1-4. number 2 in 60% of people. Ascending ao Pulmonary trunk_._;; f Right coronary A : 2 SA nodal artery--~-- Right atrium--'--- Right ventricle...;.;.. ~~~- Both anastomose freely in the heart. Both anastomose at the apex. \ ' - From ascending aorta - Larger than the right - Pass in coronary sulcus between pulmonary trunk and left auricle. - Pass at inferior surface - Branches: 1-3. Number 2, main artery to left ventricle. h of aorta :----_Left coronary A. I Left auricle ~-Circumflex branch 8 -==~-Ant. interventriculart branch ~~ - ost. interventricular brand1 4 Left ventricle APEX Lower border 8

11 svc " r~~f~h~fj<\1~~~ ::', - About 5 em long_ -Pass within coronary sulcus at inferior surface. - Extend from left to right. - Receive 3 veins. - End into right atrium. Right atrium Small cardiac vein --...:.i,...l Ant. cardiac veins--:=~ Coronary vein (sinus) Great cardiac vein Middle cardiac vein ~ Right ventricle ;, IVC---- 9

12 Pulmonary valv ANTERIOR Pulmonary fibrous ring Aortic valve'j LEFT RIGHT Left atrioventricula fibrous ring BICUSpid valve Atrial muscles Upper border l t l t l l Cardiac t Fibrous skalotori t 1 t t L.". I I Lower border Ventncular muscles Right fibrous trigone Right atrioventricular fibrous ring Tricuspid valve I:.:' Superior view of Cardiac fibrous skeleton after atria removed. PosTER lor 14

13 Fibrous Skeleto-n of the Heart Form of 4 dense CT rings surround valves of the heart, they unite with one another and fuse with the interventricular septum. Functions: Separates atrial muscles from ventricular muscles. Fixation site for valves. Act as electrical insulator between atria and ventricles. >- The only dir~ct connection between the atriums and the ventricles is the AV bundle. - i Pulmonary valve--.. LEFT Bicuspid Atnal muscles _Upper border j j l.i, \. ANTERIOR j. Right fibrous trigona _Pulmona~ fiorous ring ;?,_ Aortrc valve. )( /:-_:: ~-\ Aortic fibrous ring \, \ RIGHT.AV bundle caidioc Piirr i lktlot<m 1 t 11 t L 1.: Super;cr v:ew of Card~ac f:crous skele:on after a\ria removec', ', I Lower border Ventncularmusdes PosTERioR Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 67

14 Right Atrium 0 Sinoatrial Node--~ f) Atrioventricu (AV) Node 0 AV Bundle (of Hi 0 Rt and Lt Bundle branches Right Ventricle 0 Purkinje Fibers ~...,..a:=:::::;:::::::=-.::.;! 10

15 Cardiac conduction System A network of a modified cardiac muscle fibers specialized in conduction only. It is autorhythmic, constantly initiates and coordinates atrial and ventricular muscle contraction. Insulated from myocardium by CT. Establishes a unidirectional oathway of excitation a nd contraction. Organized into 4 basic components: O Sinoatrial tvoare----.,~ 0 Atriovenmci'Jiar-~.._,...-"fr~ (AV) Node 0 AV Bundle (of 0 RtandLt Bundle branches Right Ventric 0 Purkinje Fibers---===:;="---_, Lt Ventricle Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan

16 Components Sinuatrial node Within right atrium at the terminal end of SVC. It generates excitation signals that spreads to atrial muscles. Atrioventricular node ; Right Atrium At the lower end of the. 0 Sinoatrial Node ---a: interatrial septurrl Receives all atrial excitatory impulse and extends it to all ventricular muscles. Divides into right and left bundles within muscular part of the I.V. Septum. Spring 2013 OA (AV) Node 0 AV Bundle (of 0 Rtand Lt Bundle branches Right Ventricle 0 Purkinje Fibers-~;;::::::;;:-:::=;..._...,~ Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, UniversitY of Jordan Lt Ventricle 64

17 Cardiac Conduction System! Its final fibers, forms the subendocardial plexus that spreads throughout ventricles to supply ventricular muscles including the papillary muscles. 0 Sinoatrial Node-...:;(:T...;. 0 (AV) Node 0 AV Bundle (of 0 Rtand Lt Bundle branches Right Ventricle 0 Purkinje Fibers--=::::=:::=---= Lt Atrium Lt Ventricle Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, Un1versity of Jordan 65 13

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