Chemical and biological control of grape powdery mildew: 2008 field trials

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1 Chemicl nd biologicl control of grpe powdery mildew: field trils Christopher N. Jnousek nd W. Dougls Gubler Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis, CA. University of Cliforni Coopertive Extension, Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis, November Published, November, t nd t the escholrship Repository of the Cliforni Digitl Librry: Copyright by the Regents of the University of Cliforni, Dvis cmpus. All Rights Reserved. Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

2 I. Introduction Powdery mildew is one of the most significnt diseses ffecting grpe (Vitis vinifer) production round the world. The disese is cused by the hyline scomycete, Erysiphe nector, pthogen cpble of rpid prolifertion under optiml environmentl conditions. Disese onset begins in the spring with the relese of scospores from over-wintering chsmotheci (Gubler nd Hirschfelt ). Once initil colonies re estblished, the fungus cn sexully propgte vi lrge numbers of conidi tht disperse nd re-infect dditionl leves nd developing fruits. Powdery mildew effects on the host include reduction in berry mss, potentil crcking of berries, nd incresed susceptibility to berry rots (Gubler nd Hirschfelt, Clonnec et l., Gdoury et l. ). Economiclly, the disese my be dmging to Cliforni s grpe industry becuse of lost yield, shortened shelf life for tble grpes, nd ltertions in wine flvor (Gubler nd Hirschfelt, Gdoury et l. ). In Cliforni, powdery mildew is principlly controlled vi periodic ppliction of folir fungicides, including sulfur nd synthetic mterils such s demethylse inhibitors nd strobilurins (Cliforni Deprtment of Pesticide Regultion ). A wide rnge of mterils show t lest some reduction in disese levels under field conditions (Jnousek et l., Adskveg et l. ). We continued our nnul powdery mildew trils during to evlute the efficcy of vrious fungicide products, including registered synthetic mterils of vried chemicl clsses, oils, nd biocontrol products. We present the results of five trils conducted in Chrdonny vineyrd t Herzog Rnch in Scrmento County, Cliforni. II. Mterils nd Methods A. Tril lyout Trils - nd Experimentl design Complete rndomized complete design with replictes. Experimentl unit vines = plot Row spcing ft Vine spcing within row ft Plot unit re ft Are/tretment ft ( reps. = tretment) Are/tretment. cre/tretment Volume wter/cre gllons. gllons Vol. wter/tretment gllons. gllons Appliction method Hndgun spryers (ttched to Nifty Fifty brnd or gllon spryers). Tril Experimentl design Complete rndomized design with replictes. Experimentl unit vines = plot Row spcing ft Vine spcing within row ft Plot unit re ft Are/tretment ft ( reps. = tretment) Are/tretment. cre/tretment Volume wter/cre gllons. gllons Vol. wter/tretment gllons. gllons Appliction method Hndgun spryers (ttched to Nifty Fifty brnd gllon spryer). Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

3 B. Experimentl tretments Tril Trt no. Flg Product(s) Frequency (dys) FP /Acre FP/Tretment GS Unspryed control none none none OYS Rlly oz. g BD Procure ( pplictions) then fl oz. ml Kumulus lb g GKC Procure ( pplictions) then fl oz. ml Kumulus lb g R Procure ( pplictions) then fl oz. ml Pristine oz. g RC A lt fl oz. ml oz. g W A lt fl oz. ml oz. g KC A lt fl oz. ml YS PC YKS RKD RS Vngrd + A lt Quintec lt Quintec + Induce Quintec + Induce Rlly + Induce lt Quintec + Induce Rlly + Induce (x) then Pu Quintec + Induce FP = formulted product lt = lternted with. oz oz fl oz oz. fl oz oz fl oz +.%. fl oz +.% oz +.% lt fl oz.% oz +.% lt. fl oz +.%. g. g. ml. g. ml. g. ml. ml (t gl). ml (t gl). ml. ml (t gl). ml (t gl). g +. ml (t gl). ml (t gl). ml +. ml (t gl). ml (t gl). g +. ml (t gl). ml (t gl). ml +. ml (t gl) Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

4 Tril Trt no. Flg Product Frequency (dys) FP/Acre FP/Tretment RKC Unspryed control none none none GD Pristine WDG +. oz. g Silwet L-. fl oz. ml YKC Pristine +. oz. g Silwet L-. fl oz. ml PKD BAS F +. fl oz. ml Silwet L-. fl oz. ml YD BAS F +. fl oz. ml Silwet L-. fl oz. ml BAS F +. fl oz +. ml BS Silwet L- lt. fl oz lt. ml Pristine +. oz +. g Silwet L-. fl oz. ml LG BAS F + Silwet L- lt Sovrn + Silwet L-. fl oz +. fl oz lt. oz +. fl oz. ml. ml. g. ml KD LEM SC. fl oz. ml GKS LEM SC. fl oz. ml OKS LEM SC. fl oz. ml OC LEM SC. fl oz. ml RD PS BKD OS LEM SC + Kumulus Pristine then Vintge + Ltron B- then Pristine then Vintge then Vintge Quintec then Vintge + Ltron B- then Quintec then Vintge + Ltron B- then Quintec Pristine then Rubign + Ltron B- then Pristine then Vintge then Vintge then then then then then then then then. fl oz lb. oz fl oz fl oz. oz fl oz fl oz. fl oz fl oz fl oz. fl oz fl oz fl oz. fl oz. oz fl oz fl oz. oz fl oz fl oz. ml g. g. ml. ml. g. ml. ml. ml. ml. ml. ml. ml. ml. ml. g. ml. ml. g. ml. ml Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

5 Tril Trt no. Flg Product Frequency (dys) FP/Acre FP/Tretment OD Unspryed control none none none RC lt oz. g Quintec fl oz. ml RKD lt oz. g Elite oz. g KS Topgurd fl oz. ml P Topgurd fl oz. ml OKD Topgurd fl oz. ml B Topgurd fl oz. ml W V- + Silwet L- lt Quintec. lb i fl oz fl oz. ml. ml. ml RS Mettle - fl oz. ml BC Mettle then Pristine + Ltron B- then Mettle then Quintec fl oz. oz fl oz fl oz. fl oz. ml. g. ml. ml. ml G Adment WG oz. g YC Adment WG oz. g Tril Trt no. Flg Product Frequency (dys) FP/Acre FP/Tretment GD Unspryed control none none none YS Rlly lt. oz. g. oz. g LG Silwet L- (djuvnt control) ml. ml KD Actinovte +. oz. g Silwet L- ml. ml GKC Actinovte +. oz. g Silwet L- ml. ml RKS Compnion qt ml OS Serende MAX + oz. g Silwet L- ml. ml KC SP oz. g Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

6 Tril Trt no. Flg Product Frequency (dys) FP/Acre FP/Tretment RS Unspryed control none none none OKD Phyton--B. % ml (t gl) ml (t gl) BD Whey lb g GS Whey lb g OC Sil-MATRIX qt ml RKC Sil-MATRIX qt ml PC Sil-MATRIX + Induce - qt. % ml. ml (t gl). ml (t gl) YD FBS BP qt ml KS SilverDYNE. % ml (t gl) ml (t gl) YKS JMS Stylet-Oil ( times) then FS + Hi Wett. % qt + fl oz ml (t gl) ml. ml K OM (Experimentl minerl oil). % R OM (Experimentl minerl oil). % Y MOI-. % YRS Timorex Gold. % OKS Timorex Gold. % ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) ml (t gl) Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

7 C. Mps of the trils The overview mp indictes the reltive positions of the five trils. Plots were rrnged within tril in complete rndomized design. Dots represent individul vines. During progression of the reserch trils, vines showing stunted growth (probbly due to phylloxer) were noted. Such vines hd drmticlly shorter shoot lengths, leding to more open cnopies nd greter ultrviolet light penetrtion to developing berries. This ppered to hve significntly reduced powdery mildew severity on ffected clusters, so these plots were not included in dt nlysis. They re indicted in this section by drker shding in the individul tril mps tht follow the overview mp. Overview mp Snodgrss Slough dirt rod dirt rod Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

8 TRIAL TRIAL TRIAL Vineyrd row RKD YKS RC KC R RS Pu Pu RKD RC YS GS R GS RKD PC Pu PC GS W KC OYS W BD RC RS GKC GKC PC GKC KC YKS PC W GS OYS R W KC BD GKCYKS YS GS RKD GKC OYS W BD YS RKD RC RS YS BD KC PC R Pu RS BD OYS Pu RC R YKS OYS RS YKS YS Vineyrd row RKC BS YKC GKS OKS RD GD YD PKD OS BS RKC OS GD OC GKS YD OC PKD BKD RD OC YD LG PKD OKS BS KD RKC PS BKD LG PS OS GD BS OS KD BKD OKS LG GKS YKC PS KD GKS KD PKD GKS YD OS YD KD RD GD D BK OKS LG RKC PS RKC LG YKC BS RD OC PKD OKS OC PS RD YKC BKD GD YKC YC B OKD RS G KS YC KS RS W B G RKD RC OKD OD KS RC RKD P W B OKD W RKD B YC P OD RC RS RKD P G BC RS YC G OKD B YC BC OKD BC RC OD BC RS OD RC KS W W P G BC KS RKD OD P Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

9 TRIAL TRIAL Vineyrd row KC LG YS GKC YKD LG BS YKD GD RKS KC YS GD KD KC GKC BS YKD KD LG YRD RKS KD KC GD YRD KC LG YRD YKD OS GKC KD YRD BS KD YS BS GD GKC LG RKS GD YS OS GD GKC D YK OS BS GD OS KC RKS LG YRD OS RKS KD YS RKS YKD OS BS YRD OKD BD OC YRS Y KS OKD YKS OKD RKC PC R BD PC RS YD GS R R K Y OKS Y RKC KS OKD BD KS K YKS BD OC OKS OKD GS YD GS OC OKS GS KS YKS RS RKC RS PC R OKS K RKC YD Y RKC YRS K YD GD GKC YS YRS OC BD RS RS OKS GS YKS PC YKS YRS YD OC YRS K R PC Y KS Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

10 D. Applicti on history TRIAL Trt DISEASE EVALUATION no. Tretment Dtes product pplied April My June July Unspryed control Rlly, oz X X X Procure, fl oz X X Kumulus, lb X Procure, fl oz X X Kumulus, lb X Procure, fl oz X X Pristine, oz X A, fl oz X X, oz X A, fl oz X X, oz X A, fl oz X X, oz X A, fl oz + Vngrd X X, oz X Quintec,. fl oz X X, oz X Quintec, fl oz X X X X X Quintec,. fl oz X X X Rlly, oz X X X Quintec, fl oz X X Rlly, oz X X Quintec,. fl oz X Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

11 TRIAL Trt DISEASE EVALUATION no. Tretment Dtes product pplied April My June July Unspryed control Pristine, oz X X X X X X Pristine,. oz X X X X BAS F,. fl oz X X X X X X BAS F,. fl oz X X X X BAS F,. fl oz X X Pristine,. oz X X BAS F,. fl oz X X X Sovrn,. oz X X X LEM,. fl oz X X X X X X LEM,. fl oz X X X X X X LEM, fl oz X X X X X X LEM, fl oz X X X X LEM,. + Kumulus X X X X X X Pristine,. oz X X Vintge, vrious X X X Quintec,. fl oz X X X Vintge, vrious X X Pristine,. oz X X Rubign, fl oz X Vintge, vrious X X Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

12 TRIAL DISEASE EVALUATION Trt no. Tretment Dtes product pplied April My June July Unspryed control, oz X X X Quintec, fl oz X X X, oz X X X Elite, oz X X X Topgurd, fl oz X X X X X X Topgurd, fl oz X X X X X X Topgurd, fl oz X X X X X X Topgurd, fl oz X X X X X X V-,. lb i X X X Quintec, fl oz X X X Mettle, fl oz X X X X X Mettle, fl oz X X Pristine,. oz X Quintec,. fl oz X Adment, oz X X X X X X Adment, oz X X X X Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

13 TRIAL TRIAL Trt DISEASE EVALUATION no. Tretment Unspryed control Dtes product pplied April My June July Rlly, oz X X X, oz X X X Silwet L- X X X X X X X X Actinovte, oz X X X X X X X X X X X Actinovte, oz X X X X X X X X Compnion, qt X X X X X X X X Serende MAX, oz X X X X X X X X SP, oz X X X X X X X X DISEASE EVALUATION Trt no. Tretment Dtes product pplied April My June July Unspryed control Phyton -B,.% X X X X X X X X X X X X Whey, lb X X X X X X X X X X X X Whey, lb X X X X X X X X Sil-MATRIX, qt X X X? X X X X Sil-MATRIX, qt X X X X X X Sil-MATRIX, qt X X X X X FBS BP, qt X X X X X X X X SilverDYNE,.% X X X X X X X X JMS Stylet Oil, % X X X FS, qt X X X X X OM, % X X X X X X OM, % X X X X X X MOI-,.% X X X X X X Timorex Gold,.% X X X X X X Timorex Gold,.% X X X X X X Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

14 E. Disese evlution nd sttisticl nlysis Tretment effects on powdery mildew were ssessed on July by determining disese incidence nd severity on pproximtely clusters in ech plot. Disese incidence ws estimted s the percentge of clusters within plot contining t lest one infected berry. Disese severity ws obtined by verging the percentge of infected berries on ll clusters observed within plot. Incidence nd severity estimtes were mde by visul inspection. When infected berries were uncommon, the number of infected berries per cluster ws recorded followed by conversion to percentge by dividing by the men number of berries per cluster for the pproprite size clss ( berries/smll cluster, berries/medium cluster, berries/lrge cluster). Incidence nd severity dt re presented s untrnsformed mens (± stndrd error). Tretment differences were evluted with Fisher s LSD test (α =.). Arcsine trnsformtion usully did not substntilly improve heteroscedsticity (ccording to visul inspection of the distribution of residuls); untrnsformed dt were used throughout the nlyses. Tretments in figures re color coded ccording to mjor chemicl clss fter Adskveg et l. (). Up to two chemicl clsses re shown per tretment (some tretments hd ctive ingredients from three chemicl clsses). III. Results nd discussion Temperture dt suggested tht optiml conditions existed for powdery mildew growth through much of My nd June (Figure ). Nturl disese onset, however, ws not observed before bout erly June. Dely in the onset of disese my hve been due to ppliction by the grower of JMS Stylet-oil, mildew erdicnt, during April nd/or lck of spring precipittion necessry for relese of meiospores. During mid-june disese prolifertion ws stimulted by (), dousing trunks nd cordons with wter to stimulte spore relese, nd () lter inoculting the edges of ll plots with conidi suspension prepred from greenhouse-grown colonies. A shrp increse in disese incidence on leves ws observed during lte June nd erly July (Figure ). Despite sesonlly-lte disese onset, by mid-july, untreted plots cross the five trils ttined disese incidence levels of.% to % nd severity levels rnging from.% to.%. Substntil reductions in disese incidence nd severity were obtined with t lest some tretments in ech tril (Figures -). Generlly, severity levels of % cn be considered cceptble for commercil hrvest (Clonnec et l. ). In tril, only Quintec. fl oz/a lternted with ttined this level of disese mngement. In tril, ll tretments except LEM t. fl oz, dys nd both Rubign protocols were under the % threshold. All fungicide tretments hd disese levels cceptble for hrvest in tril. Only lternted with Rlly hd severity % in tril, nd no tretments were cceptble in tril. As in previous yers, top performing registered fungicides included Quintec (quinoxyfen), Pristine (pyrclostrobin + bosclid) nd /Elite (trifloxystrobin/tebuconzole). Severl non-registered experimentl mterils lso substntilly reduced disese incidence nd severity: BASF (pyrclostrobin + bosclid), LEM (penthiopyrd) nd Adment (trifloxystrobin + tebuconzole). Oils, biologicls, nd other soft chemistry products generlly did not perform s well s synthetic fungicides of other chemicl clsses. Timorex Gold (te tree oil) nd minerl-oil bsed tretments modestly reduced disese severity, with OM nd OM (minerl oil with djuvnts) performing best (Figure ). Biofungicides showed some reductions in disese, but not of mgnitude comprble to most other tretments. Other soft chemistry mterils gve vried results: for exmple, whey pplied weekly ws firly effective t disese mngement (Figure ), but FBSBP nd SilverDYNE were ineffective. Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

15 Figure. Dily vrition in the Gubler Thoms Powdery Mildew Risk Index ner Herzog Rnch. The risk index vlue ws computed from climtologicl dt recorded for the Russel Rod PestCst sttion, positioned ner the experimentl site ( Gubler-Thoms PM Risk Index -Apr -Apr -My -My -My -My -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jul -Jul -Jul Dte in Figure. Weekly progression of disese incidence on the upper surfce of leves in tril from erly My to mid- July. - leves were collected from ech plot nd evluted in the lb to determine the presence or bsence of powdery mildew. Dt in mens ± stndrd devition (n=). Disese incidence (%) -Apr -Apr -My -My -My -My -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jun -Jul -Jul -Jul Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

16 Figure. Disese incidence (A) nd severity (B) in tril tretments (mens ± S.E.). Letters indicte significntly different groups of mens with Fisher s LSD test t α =.. A b bc bcd bcd bcde Disese incidence (%) bcde de cde de de bcde e de B Disese severity (%) Unspryed control Rlly, oz then Quintec, d b Rlly, oz, d b Procure, fl oz then Kumulus Procure, fl oz then Kumulus A, fl oz lt Quintec,. fl oz, d bc bcd bcd bcd Quintec, fl oz, d Procure, fl oz then Pristine Rlly lt Quintec, d A, fl oz lt A, fl oz lt Vngrd + A lt Fungicide clss DMI strobilurin (QoI) quinoline nilinopyrimidine crboxmide sulfur oil biologicl other/unknown Quintec,. fl oz lt cd cd cd cd cd cd d Unspryed control Rlly, oz then Quintec, d Rlly, oz, d Procure, fl oz then Kumulus Procure, fl oz then Kumulus A, fl oz lt Quintec,. fl oz, d Quintec, fl oz, d Procure, fl oz then Pristine Rlly lt Quintec, d A, fl oz lt A, fl oz lt Vngrd + A lt Quintec,. fl oz lt Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

17 Figure. Disese incidence (A) nd severity (B) in tril tretments (mens ± S.E.). Letters indicte significntly different groups of mens with Fisher s LSD test t α =.. A Disese incidence (%) b bc bcd cde def def Fungicide clss DMI strobilurin (QoI) quinoline nilinopyrimidine crboxmide sulfur oil biologicl other/unknown ef ef ef ef f f f f B Disese severity (%) Untreted control Pristine/Vintge rottion b LEM,. fl oz, d b Pristine/Rubign/Vintge rottion b LEM, fl oz, d LEM,. fl oz, d Pristine,. oz, d LEM,. fl oz + Kumulus BAS F lt Pristine, d BAS F,. fl oz, d Quintec/Vintge rottion BAS F,. fl oz, d Pristine, oz, d BAS F lt Sovrn, d b b b b b b b b b b b LEM, fl oz, d Untreted control Pristine/Vintge rottion LEM,. fl oz, d Pristine/Rubign/Vintge rottion LEM, fl oz, d LEM,. fl oz, d Pristine,. oz, d LEM,. fl oz + Kumulus BAS F lt Pristine, d BAS F,. fl oz, d Quintec/Vintge rottion BAS F,. fl oz, d Pristine, oz, d BAS F lt Sovrn, d LEM, fl oz, d Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

18 Figure. Disese incidence (A) nd severity (B) in tril tretments (mens ± S.E.). Letters indicte significntly different groups of mens with Fisher s LSD test t α =.. A Fungicide clss Disese incidence (%) b bc b cd cde def def DMI strobilurin (QoI) quinoline nilinopyrimidine crboxmide sulfur oil biologicl other/unknown B Unspryed control Topgurd, fl oz, d V- lt Quintec lt Quintec, d Mettle, fl oz, - d lt Elite, d Topgurd, fl oz, d Adment, oz, d ef Mettle/Pristine/Quintec rottion f Adment, oz, d f Topgurd, fl oz, d f Topgurd, fl oz, d Disese severity (%) b b b b b b b b b b b Unspryed control Topgurd, fl oz, d V- lt Quintec lt Quintec, d Mettle, fl oz, - d lt Elite, d Topgurd, fl oz, d Adment, oz, d Mettle/Pristine/Quintec rottion Adment, oz, d Topgurd, fl oz, d Topgurd, fl oz, d Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

19 Figure. Disese incidence (A) nd severity (B) in tril tretments (mens ± S.E.). Letters indicte significntly different groups of mens with Fisher s LSD test t α =.. A c c b c Disese incidence (%) d bc B Unspryed control Adjuvnt control Rlly lt Actinovte, oz, d Actinovte, oz, d Compnion, qt b Serende MAX, oz SP b Fungicide clss DMI strobilurin (QoI) quinoline nilinopyrimidine crboxmide sulfur oil biologicl other/unknown Disese severity (%) c bc c c d Unspryed control Adjuvnt control Rlly lt, d Actinovte, oz, d Actinovte, oz, d Compnion, qt, d Serende MAX, oz, d SP, oz, d Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

20 Figure. Disese incidence (A) nd severity (B) in tril tretments (mens ± S.E.). Letters indicte significntly different groups of mens with Fisher s LSD test t α =.. A Disese incidence (%) b bc b bc b bc bc bc cd d cd cd b B Disese severity (%) Unspryed control FBS BP, qt, d b SilverDYNE,.%, d b Sil-MATRIX, qt, d bcd Sil-MATRIX, qt, d b Sil-MATRIX, qt, - d b MOI-,.%, d bcd Timorex Gold,.%, d bcd Timorex Gold,.%, d bcd JMS Stylet-Oil then FS bcd OM, %, d OM, %, d Phyton -B,.%, d Fungicide clss DMI strobilurin (QoI) quinoline nilinopyrimidine crboxmide sulfur oil biologicl other/unknown Whey, lb, d d d cd cd Whey, lb, d bc Unspryed control FBS BP, qt, d SilverDYNE,.%, d Sil-MATRIX, qt, d Sil-MATRIX, qt, d Sil-MATRIX, qt, - d MOI-,.%, d Timorex Gold,.%, d Timorex Gold,.%, d JMS Stylet-Oil then FS OM, %, d OM, %, d Phyton -B,.%, d Whey, lb, d Whey, lb, d Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

21 IV. Acknowledgements R. Herche, J. Jertberg, J. Úrbez-Torres, H. Su, F. Trouills nd L. Gllegos ssisted with sprying in the field. P. Bckup kindly evluted disese incidence weekly on leves collected from tril. P. Bckup, J. Broome, J. Edelstein, E. Hnd, J. Jertberg, S. Mthud, A. Poe, J. Úrbez-Torres, nd F. Trouills ssisted with other spects of the reserch including disese evlution in the field. Finncil support nd test mterils for this reserch were provided by vrious fungicide industry donors. The tretments outlined in this report were conducted for experimentl purposes only; crops treted in similr mnner my not be suitble for use or consumption. V. References Adskveg, J., D. Gubler, T. Michilides nd B. Holtz.. Efficcy nd timing of fungicides, bctericides, nd biologicls for deciduous tree fruit, nut, strwberry, nd vine crops. Published online t nd Clonnec, A., P. Crtolro, C. Poupot, D. Dubourdieu nd P. Drriet.. Effects of Uncinul nector on the yield nd qulity of grpes (Vitis vinifer) nd wine. Plnt Pthology :-. Cliforni Deprtment of Pesticide Regultion.. Summry of Pesticide Use Report Dt. Scrmento, CA, pp. Gdoury, D.M., R.C. Seem, W.F. Wilcox, T. Henick-Kling, L. Conterno, A. Dy nd A. Ficke.. Effects of diffuse coloniztion of grpe berries by Uncinul nector on bunch rots, berry microflor, nd juice nd wine qulity. Phytopthology :-. Gubler, W.D. nd D.J. Hirschfelt.. Powdery mildew. In: D.E. Flherty, L.P. Christensen, W.J. Lnino, J.J. Mrois, P.A. Phillips, nd L.T. Wilson (eds.), Grpe Pest Mngement, nd edition, University of Cliforni, Division of Agriculture nd Nturl Resources, publiction, p.-. Jnousek, C.N., J.D. Lorber nd W.D. Gubler.. Control of powdery mildew in grpes: field trils. Published online t VI. Appendix : Mterils Product I. Biofungicides Orgnism nd concentrtion Mnufcturer or distributor Actinovte AG Streptomyces lydicus WYEC (.%) Nturl Industries, Inc. Compnion Bcillus subtilis GB (.%) Growth Products, Ltd. SP Clonostchys rose ( x CFU/g) SePRO Corportion Serende MAX Bcillus subtilis QST (.%) AgrQuest Inc. Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

22 Product Hi Wett Induce Ltron B- Silwet L- II. Adjuvnts Active ingredient(s) nd concentrtion polysiloxne polyether copolymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer & lcohol ethoxylte (%) lkyl ryl polyoxylkne ether & ftty cids (%) modified phthlic/glycerol lkyl resin (%) + butyl lcohol (%) polylkyleneoxide modified heptmethyltrisiloxne & llylooxypolyethylene glycol methyl ether (%) Mnufcturer or distributor First Choice Helen Chemicl Compny Dow AgroSciences LLP Helen Chemicl Compny Product III. Chemicl fungicides nd other mterils Active ingredient(s) nd Mnufcturer or concentrtion distributor Chemicl clss (fter Adskveg et l. ) A (Inspire) difenoconzole (.%) Syngent Crop Protection, Inc. demethylse inhibitor (DMI) A (Inspire Super) difenoconzole (.%) + DMI + Syngent Crop Protection, Inc. cyprodinil (%) nilinopyrimidine Adment WG trifloxystrobin (%) + (=USF ) tebuconzole (%) Byer strobilurin (QoI) + DMI BAS F pyrclostrobin + QoI + BASF Corportion bosclid crboxmide Elite WP tebuconzole (%) Byer DMI WG trifloxystrobin (%) Byer QoI FBS BP potssium silicte (.%) + dipotssium phosphte (.%) Flortine Biosciences, Inc. other FS phosphoric cid (P O ) (%) others + potsh (K O) (%) First Choice sulfur sulfur (%) JMS Stylet-Oil prffinic oil (.%) JMS Flower Frms, Inc. oil Kumulus DF sulfur (%) BASF Corportion sulfur LEM SC penthiopyrd (%) DuPont Compny crboxmide Mettle tetrconzole (-.%) Isgro-USA DMI MOI- proprietry Mrrone Orgnic Innovtions other OM prffinic oil + OE (n oil-bsed djuvnt) OE: DuGuss/Goldschmidt oil OM prffinic oil + OE (n oil-bsed djuvnt) OE: DuGuss/Goldschmidt oil Phyton--B copper sulfte penthydrte (.%) Phyton Corportion other Pristine pyrclostrobin (.%) QoI + BASF Corportion bosclid (.%) crboxmide Procure SC triflumizole (.%) Crompton Mnufcturing Compny (Chemtur Corp.) DMI Quintec quinoxyfen (.%) Dow AgroSciences LLP quinoline Rlly WSP myclobutnil (%) Dow AgroSciences LLP DMI Rubign fenrimol (%) Gown Co. DMI Sil-MATRIX potssium silicte (.%) PQ Corportion other SilverDYNE silver colloid (.%) World Helth Allince Interntionl Inc. other Timorex Gold oil derived from the te tree, Melleuc lterniflor (.%) Biomor Isrel Ltd. oil Topgurd flutrifol (%) Cheminov DMI V-.EC unknown (%) Vlent unknown Vngrd WG cyprodinil (%) Syngent nilinopyrimidine Vintge SC fenrimol (.%) Gown Co. DMI Whey whey N/A other Appendix sources: (): () Crop Protection Reference, Vnce Publishing Corportion, Lenex, KS. () Productssocited documenttion such s lbels nd MSDS, () personl communictions, () Jnousek et l. & grpe powdery mildew reports, nd () Adskveg et l.. Grpe powdery mildew field trils,. Deprtment of Plnt Pthology, University of Cliforni, Dvis.

Goal: Evaluate plant health effects while suppressing dollar spot and brown patch

Goal: Evaluate plant health effects while suppressing dollar spot and brown patch Newer Fungicide Products Alone nd In Rottion on Chicgo Golf Green Reserchers: Chicgo District Golf Assoc. Derek Settle, Tim Sibicky, nd Nick DeVries Gol: Evlute plnt helth effects while suppressing dollr