Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene on the Physiology and Yield of Cotton. Derrick Oosterhuis Eduardo Kawakami and Dimitra Loka University of Arkansas
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1 Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene on the Physiology nd Yield of Cotton Derrick Oosterhuis Edurdo Kwkmi nd Dimitr Lok University of Arknss
2 Cotton Crop Gossypium hirsutum Unique out cotton Perennil grown s n nnul Indeterminte growth hit Complex flowering /fruiting hit Very responsive to environment nd mngement
3 1-Methylcyclopropene New PGR from AgroFresh Approved for use in fruit nd vegetle (EPA) Decreses or delys the effect of ethylene Occupies the ethylene receptors sites Affinity to receptor = 10 timer greter thn ethylene Very stle nd non-toxic Moleculr weight of 54 g nd formul of C 4 H 6 CH 3 (Blnkenship nd Dole, 2003)
4 1-MCP Reports Decresed memrne lekge in cut petuni flowers (Serek et l., 1995). Reduced scission in pples (Dl l., 2005). Prevented scission of citrus (Zhong 1999). Dl Cin et l., 2005 nd Byers et Zhong et l., 2001,Sisler et l., Delyed scission of hrvested cherry tomtoes (Moulem et l., 2004). Enhnced whet tolernce to het stress (Hys et l., 2007).
5 Hypothesis 1-MCP inhiit stress responses higher growth rtes nd less fruit scission higher nd less vrile yields Ojectives 1-MCP Effects on the physiology nd yield: Field-grown cotton Het-stressed cotton plnts Wter-stressed cotton plnts
6 Effect of 1-MCP on Cotton Yield
7 Field Study: Fyetteville nd Mrinn, AR Tretments: 1. Untreted control g i/h t pin-hed squre (PHS) g i/h t first flower (FF) g i/h t FF, & t FF + 2 weeks Mesurements: Yield nd components of yield - seedcotton Stress Level - Antioxidnt Enzymes Percentge Boll Ascission nd Boll Weight
8 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Cotton Yield Yield (kg/h) CONTROL 1-MCP t FF 1-MCP t FF nd FF+2 Seedcotton Yield Lint yield Seed Production
9 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Boll Weight nd Ascission Boll node 5* Boll, node 11** Tretment Weight (g) Ascission (%) Weight (g) Ascission (%) Untreted control 5.63 *** c 36 1-MCP t PHS c 54 1-MCP t FF MCP t FF, & t FF + 2 weeks *Boll tgged t the sprying dy of tretment 3. ** Boll tgged t the sprying dy of tretment 4. *** Rows with the sme letters re not significnt different (P=0.05) compred to the untreted control.
10 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Glutthione Reductse GR Activity (mmol/g fresh wt.) CONTROL 1-MCP t FF 1-MCP t FF nd FF week fter FF 1 week fter (FF+2weeks)
11 Effect of 1-MCP on Wter-stressed cotton
12 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Cotton Under Wter-Stress nd Well-Wtered Wtered Conditions TREATMENTS 1. Untreted control in well-wtered wtered conditions g i/h t first squre in well-wtered wtered conditions 3. Untreted control in wter-stress conditions g i/h t first squre in wter-stress conditions Mesurements: Wter Reltions - Stomtl Resistnce nd Wter Potentil, Stress Level - Glutthione Reductse enzyme
13 Effect of 1-MCP on stomtl resistnce, with nd without wter deficit. 1-MCP ws pplied t dy 0 nd mesurements were done t middy. Resistnce (s/cm) MCP-Norml UNT-Norml c Dys After Tretment c 1-MCP-Stress UNT-Stress
14 Effect of 1-MCP on cotton lef wter potentil, with nd without wter deficit. The dys 5, 11, nd 15 correspond to the end of ech stress cycle. Brs (Negtive Vlues) UNTR-Stressed c UNTR-Norml 12 1-MCP-Norml 1-MCP-Stressed Dys After Tretment
15 Effect of 1-MCP on Het-stressed cotton
16 Reltion etween Yield nd Mximum Temperture in August for Arknss Yield (ls/cre) 1000 Reltionship Between Yield nd Averge Mximum Temperture in August Averge Mximum August Tempertures
17 Temperture nd Photosynthesis Photosynthesis μm/m 2 /sec LSD 0.05 =1.23 y = x x R 2 = c The optimum rnge for cotton growth is 20-30C. The optimum for photosynthesis is 28C. But tempertures in mid- summer re nerly lwys ove this! Both hot dytime tempertures & hot night time tempertures will dversely ffect crop growth Temperture o C Bii nd Oosterhuis (2005)
18 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Cotton Flowers under Norml nd High Temperture Untreted nd Treted white flowers collected 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 dys fter ppliction. TREATMENTS Two Tempertures Regimes (30 o C nd 38 o C) Lrge wlk-in Growth Room
19 MEASUREMENTS Ethylene Production Boll Weight Antioxidnt Enzyme Glutthione Reductse (GR) Polyethylene Chmer GC GC Output
20 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Ethylene Concentrtion µl of Ethylene/ g.h Untreted 1-MCP c cd d e e e e Dys fter tretment
21 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on the Antioxidnt Glutthione Reductse GR Activity (mmol/g fresh wt.) Untreted 1-MCP Treted Dys fter tretment
22 Effect of 1-MCP 1 on Cotton Boll Development Boll Weight (g) Untreted 1-MCP Dys fter tretment
23 Conclusions 1-MCP ppliction: Incresed cotton yield Smll effect on vegettive plnt growth Incresed weight of cotton olls Positive effect (on flowers) lsts 5 dys Decresed stress in the plnt (Glutthione Reductse ctivity) Some meliortion of high temperture stress Some effect on plnt wter reltions The ppliction of 1-MCP to stressed cotton my e eneficil, due to lower levels of stress in treted plnts.
24 Thnk You
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