Results Report. Welcome to Your ABT Report!

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1 Results Report Athlete Name: SHEPPARD, JOSEPH Date of Blood Draw: Feb 10, 2018 Panel: ABT Bronze Panel ABT Expert: Dr. Rock Welcome to Your ABT Report! Thank you for trusting AthleteBloodTest.com to be a member of your performance team! Below are the results of your recent Athlete Blood Test. Please take a moment to become familiar with key components of this report to ensure you get the most out of the information provided. Introduction to the ABT Report Your ABT Report organizes test results by the relation to key performance-related factors. We encourage you to read the description of each test set to gain greater insight into your results. In addition, there are three unique components to ABT Reports, which have made ABT the preferred testing service by thousands of professional athletes, Olympians, and amateurs. The first is the development of ABT Ideal Ranges, the second is the hands-on expert review, and the third is our scoring system. Normal Range vs. Ideal Range Within the numbers we ve included two different ranges, Normal and Ideal. ABT ideal ranges are were developed through 9 years of research by our parent company, Phuel Sports Science. 1. Normal Range - lab determined values pertaining to the general population. 2. Ideal Range - ideal ranges based on your gender, age, and frequency/duration/intensity of training. Whether you are a top professional or just getting into your sport, we are committed to providing the same professional-level service. You results are reviewed by the same experts working with those who make a living off of their sport. Our ABT Experts review the results and compare it to your ABT Athlete Questionnaire, gaining insight only a human with extensive experience in this field can.

2 ABT Scoring System The ABT Scoring System is a method of creating a score for three key performance factors, including red blood cell health, micronutrient status, and training tolerance. There are several biomarkers that influence these performance factors. The scoring system provides an easy to understand method of relaying what these complicated biomarker relationships mean to you. Red Blood Cell Status Score Red blood Cells are key to performance. They deliver oxygen to muscles, allowing for quick recovery between contractions. When red blood cells are not optimized, muscles fatigue more quickly. A low RBC Status Score is most commonly associated with symptoms of reduced time to fatigue during workouts. If your score is low there is nearly always a problem identified through your test. Your ABT Expert will provide recommendations to fixing the problem. Micronutrient Status Score All ABT Panels include micronutrients critical to peak performance. Our most basic panel, the Bronze Panel analyzes micronutrients essential to red blood cell production and electrolyte balance, while our Gold Panel includes 9 micronutrients key to performance. Further yet, our Platinum Panel assesses both blood levels of micronutrients and genetic factors influencing absorption and utilization of key performance-related micronutrients. All micronutrients we test have a high turnover rate in athletes, commonly leading to deficiencies. They are also the most commonly supplemented micronutrients in athletes. Both deficiencies and over-supplementation can be detrimental to performance. A low Micronutrient Status Score means there must be dietary changes and/or supplements are needed to recover micronutrients that are lower than ideal and may be negatively influencing performance. Your ABT Expert will provide recommendations. Training Tolerance Score Training tolerance is determined by hormone levels and ratios, as well as certain organ enzyme markers, white blood cell indices, and red blood cell recovery. A low Training Tolerance Score means your body appears to be over-stressed by either your current training load or a combination of training and life stresses. Your ABT Expert will provide recommendations.

3 ABT Color Definitions Green means normal athlete variance. No action necessary. Yellow means action is needed to optimize performance. Red means immediate action is needed. These findings are typically causing symptoms. Alright, enough of the preamble, let s get to your analysis! ABT Bronze Panel Over the years the Bronze Panel has earned the nicknames Pre-Competition and/or Pre-Race Panel. The Bronze Panel provides a basic "systems check" of the most critical blood markers related to performance. Although the Bronze Panel does not provide many long-term recommendations, it does cover the basics to ensure you are at the top of your game for the next 6 weeks or so.

4 Red Blood Cell Analysis The ABT Bronze Panel includes a complete blood count to assess red blood cell health. Red blood cells deliver oxygen to muscles. The number of red blood cells, size, shape, shape variation, hemoglobin, and hematocrit all play a role in how efficiently red blood cells carry oxygen to muscles. This has a significant influence on performance. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag RBC Hemoglobin Hematocrit MCV MCH MCHC RDW Platelet Count Reticulocyte Count Your ABT Red Blood Cell Health Score:

5 Here we see improvements compared to your last test. Although your red blood cell indices were within ideal range in your last test the improvements seen here may enhance performance. Hemoglobin and hematocrit fluctuate mildly. The changes in this test compared to your prior test may be considered typical daily fluctuation. However, your red blood cell count increased and your MCV increased. Your iron was below ideal in your last test. The changes to red blood cell indices seen here are consistent with what is commonly seen when iron status improves from deficient to ideal. It is likely that the improvements in red blood cell indices seen in this test compared to your last are the result of improved iron status. Red blood cells appear to be optimized for optimal performance! The total number of red blood cells and their size, shape, shape variation and estimated oxygen carrying capacity (based on above factors) are considered ideal for efficient delivery of oxygen to muscles. The rate of new red blood cells being produced, as indicated by the reticulocyte count (immature red blood cells) appears optimal for your current training volume. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Red blood cells carry oxygen to muscles. During exercise this is critical for both endurance and power. Healthy red blood cells and mid-high range hemoglobin and hematocrit are beneficial for the athlete. Geographic location, specifically the elevation at which you live factors into your ideal ranges. Your red blood cells are optimized for optimal performance in Cincinnati, Ohio.

6 White Blood Cell Analysis The ABT Bronze Panel includes a CBC differential, which analyzes white blood cells. White blood cells provide information about immune system status, inflammation, and training tolerance. These tests are primarily used for cross-reference to verify other positive findings, however these tests are also useful in identifying bacterial and viral illnesses. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag WBC Neutrophil % Lymphocyte % Monocyte % Eosinophil % Basophil % Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils Here we are assessing immune function, inflammation, and muscle breakdown as a component of assessing training tolerance. All findings within the CBC Differential, or white blood cell analysis, are within ideal ranges. Regarding findings commonly associated with excessive muscle breakdown or inflammation, these findings are within ideal limits. There is no concern of excessive muscle inflammation caused by your current training.

7 Comprehensive Metabolic Panel The ABT Bronze Panel includes a comprehensive metabolic panel, which includes tests providing insight into training tolerance, muscle recovery, muscle metabolism, and nutrition. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag Glucose High Chloride CO Calcium Total Protein Albumin Globulin Bilirubin Alkaline Phosphate Albumin/Globulin Ratio Note: High glucose (115): Your result is normal given this is a non-fasting sample. Elevated glucose (blood sugar) is highly dependent on when and what you consumed prior to the blood test. No further action required. Here we are adding components of our assessment of training tolerance, muscle recovery, muscle metabolism, and nutrition. All Comprehensive Metabolic Panel tests are within ideal range, which factors into our overall assessment of the factors above later in this report.

8 Iron Analysis The ABT Bronze Panel include analysis of iron status, a micronutrient essential for red blood cell production. Red blood cells are critical to performance, as they deliver much needed oxygen to muscles in action. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag Iron Ferritin Your ABT Iron Analysis Score: Here we see improvement in iron status compared to your last test, which confirms the course of action recommended in your last test has been effective for you. Based on the improvement in red blood cell indices, which are consistent with restoration of ideal iron levels, we can come to a reasonable conclusion that your iron needs are higher than most of your peers. ABT ideal ranges represent a no risk zone for most athletes. However, ideal ranges more accurately represent normal ranges for you during training. You should strive to maintain iron within ideal levels, as your red blood cell production may decrease if iron levels fall below ideal. Serum iron (bioavailable iron) and ferritin (stored iron) are within ideal ranges and the ratio of serum iron to ferritin is ideal. This suggests that your current iron intake is ideal for you iron utilization rate, and that your body is maintaining an ideal balance of bioavailable iron to stored iron.

9 Hydration Status The ABT Bronze Panel includes four tests to analyze hydration status. Dehydration is a common performance zapping condition in athletes that can lead to bigger consequences, such as electrolyte imbalances. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag BUN Creatinine Serum egfr BUN/Creatinine Ratio Hydration status was ideal at the time of this test. This suggests that your fluid intake is adequate for keeping up with demands in the day prior to your blood draw.

10 Micronutrient Status The ABT Bronze Panel dives deep into micronutrients essential to red blood cell production, muscle metabolism, and electrolyte balance. These micronutrients have a high turnover rate in athletes, commonly leading to deficiencies. They are also the most commonly supplemented micronutrients in athletes. Both deficiencies and over-supplementation can be detrimental to performance. Therefore, it is important to test micronutrients to determine your dietary needs and whether or not supplementation is necessary. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag Sodium Potassium Magnesium Folate Serum Vitamin B High Vitamin D Your Micronutrient Status Score Score reduced to 4.5 due to slightly elevated Vitamin B12 levels (1113). Vitamin B12 is above normal and ideal range, however research concludes that your B12 level is safe with your volume of training. You did not indicate a specific B12 supplement, thus this is likely coming from your multivitamin. Although no action is currently needed, it is recommended that you avoid additional B12 supplementation beyond what your multivitamin is providing. Vitamin D levels have improved from 32.9 to 43.9 since your last test. This represents an excellent response to the recommendations made in your last report. We recommend continuing your Vitamin D supplement 1000 IU s 3 days per week through the remainder of your training season or for a duration of 12 weeks.

11 Training Tolerance and Recoverability Evaluation The ABT Bronze Panel includes a comprehensive assessment of hormones essential to optimal performance and recovery. These hormones give insight into training tolerance, race timing, and recovery needs. Component Tested Value Normal Range ABT Ideal Range Flag ALT AST Cortisol Your Training Tolerance Score Although the Bronze Panel is limited in its assessment of training tolerance, training tolerance markers including cortisol, organ enzymes, and white blood cell indices are within ideal ranges and suggest excellent tolerance of your current training volume.

12 Action Points: Avoid additional vitamin B12 Supplementation. What My ABT Test Is Telling Me Immediate Needs Continue Vitamin D supplement 1000 IU s 3 days per week for 12 weeks or through the remainder of your training/racing season. Overall Comments: Hi Joseph, Your current test results are almost entirely in the ideal range and represent an excellent response to the recommendations provided in your last report. The response to red blood cells and iron status have a direct influence on performance and perceived training quality for most athletes. The Bronze Panel provides general insight into your most critical blood markers related to performance. You are responding well to your current training volume as indicated by the blood test analysis as well as the answers you provided in your questionnaire. There are no major deficits in your analysis that require considerable actions at this time. Recommendations regarding B12 supplementation are provided above. Please feel free to contact me via phone or if you have further questions. Thanks again for trusting ABT to be part of your training and we wish the best of luck going forward! Recommended Next Test Date: Tuesday May 20th, 2018