BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM-AN IMPORTANT TARGET AND SOURCE OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOPRODUCTS

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1 BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM-AN IMPORTANT TARGET AND SOURCE OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOPRODUCTS PhD biochem. Daniela Mariana Rosioru Head of Marine Biochemistry Laboratory National Institute for Marine Research and Development Grigore Antipa, 300 Mamaia Blvd., RO , Constanţa, Romania.

2 Marine biotechnology concerns the environment and marine organisms evaluation, starting with their cultivation until their processing in order to obtain useful bioproducts in various branches. Based on the rich tradition and background in marine biochemistry, the National Institute for Marine Research and Development (NIMRD) Grigore Antipa Constanta, Romania, has developed in time many research directions for the exploitation of marine living resources, which included the main marine organisms from the Romanian Black Sea area. The utilization of marine resources in the medical-pharmaceutical domain as a result of originality of the methods for proceeding the raw material and the good quality of obtained bioproducts already requested on the market, represents one of the NIMRD concerns in this field.

First applied biochemistry research in marine field was started by GAVRILESCU in 1950: -determination of vitamin D in oil extract from shark liver, in order to know the antirachitic

3 First applied biochemistry research in marine field was started by GAVRILESCU in 1950: -determination of vitamin D in oil extract from shark liver, in order to know the antirachitic properties -capitalization of fish fat for pharmaceutical purposes Between 1969 and 1970 TELEMBICI et al. researched the content in ascorbic acid (vitamin C), glucose and glycogen in mollusks.

Since 1970, the concerns of biochemistry have led to investigations on the identification, isolation and characterization of active biological products from marine organisms in the Black Sea.

4 Since 1970, the concerns of biochemistry have led to investigations on the identification, isolation and characterization of active biological products from marine organisms in the Black Sea. alginic acid and mannitol content in Cystoseira barbata, proteolytic activity in mollusks (MARZA, 1972, 1976), elaboration of a process for obtaining sodium alginate from seaweed (BOGHICI and STATE 1972), analysis of lipid fractions from mussels, Mya arenaria and decapod crustaceans (MOLNAR, 1974; ROSOIU, 1975; MARZA et SERBAN, 1981)

5 determining of sulphomucopolysaccharide in mollusks (MOLNAR et al.1974,1976) determining glycogen and amino acids in Mytilus galloprovincialis (MARZA, 1972; MARZA et al.1976, 1981,1989) determining of amino acids and protein content in unicellular algae (VOINESCU, 1976)

Purification and biochemical characterization in terms of enzymatic extracts from marine invertebrates and fish: -amylase (ROSOIU, 1976-1978) -glucosidase (MARZA si SERBAN, 1981)

6 Purification and biochemical characterization in terms of enzymatic extracts from marine invertebrates and fish: -amylase (ROSOIU, ) -glucosidase (MARZA si SERBAN, 1981) -cellulase-hemicellulase (MARZA et al. 1977, 1981, MARZA ) -carbohydrases (MARZA si SERBAN, 1978) - developing a process for extraction of amylase from mussel hepatopancreas (IORDACHESCU et. al 1975, 1977)

-study of the physical, chemical and pharmacological properties of some products excreted by organisms in seawater (MARZA, 1988) -obtaining of the natural inhibitors of pepsin, trypsin and

7 -study of the physical, chemical and pharmacological properties of some products excreted by organisms in seawater (MARZA, 1988) -obtaining of the natural inhibitors of pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin from Rapana venosa (ROSOIU, ) -isolation, extraction and purification of hyaluronidase from the viscera and gonads of marine fish followed by developing a method for obtaining the substances with an anti-hyaluronidase action, anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory properties known as a pharmaceutical product ALFLUTOP (ROSOIU, )

pastinaca (CRASMARU et al., 1994, 1997) and influence on the human body TOMA et al.

8 - study of active principles in celenterate species (Mnemiopsis leidyi and Aurelia aurita), in the crustacean Artemia salina from Techirghiol Lake, in fish species Trygon pastinaca (CRASMARU et al., 1994, 1997) and influence on the human body TOMA et al. (1996), ZANOAGA et al. (1996) studied the content of albumin, globulin and glutelin in mollusks flesh.

9 Within the BIOTECH project Biotechnological methods for utilisation of some marine resources used in medical and industrial fields NIMRD analysed the BLACK SEA offer - sea water and marine organisms to process them as REMEDIES, ADJUVANTS, NUTRITIVE SUPPLEMENTS. ( S.C. LABORATOARELE MEDICA S.R.L. ) REMEDIES - represent resources and methods able to act under the most favourable circumstances on living organisms in order to heal or prevent an illness. NUTRITIVE SUPPLEMENTS and COMPLEMENTARS - are the concentrated sources of nutritive or other substances with nutritive and physiological effects, alone or in combination

10 The SEA WATER presence in natural sanogenic practices it is not a novelty, as it is well known its healing, anti-inflammatory and depurative effects in heliomarine cures. Nasal washable solutions instillation: NASOMER - marine solution, aseptic filtrate, with rectified ph; NASOMER PROP - marine solution, aseptic filtrate, with rectified ph and propolis; NASOMER FORTE - marine solution, aseptic filtrate, with rectified ph and Echinacea extract; THINNING AGENTS and DEPURATIVE for nasal mucous membrane for allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhino-sinusitis.

11 All products are recommended for mouth cavity affections, aphta (ulcer in the mouth), pharynges - amygdalitis, gingivitis - stomatitis, acute on chronic.

12 Gargles APIMER - marine solution with propolis tincture; APIMER FORTE - marine solution with propolis and Echinacea tincture.

13 MARINE ALGAE-organic deposits, containing marine macroalgae on beaches, after storms. ALGE MARINE- for medical treatment of lung, heart, thyroid gland, circulatory diseases, physical anaemia and physic asthenia.

MARINE EPIBIOSIS- represents a life community

MARINA- for recovery, extended intellectual and

14 MARINE EPIBIOSIS- represents a life community formed by organisms which are fixed on submerged alive or not alive structures (mollusks, shellfish, algae ) BIOMER, EPIBIOZA MARINA- for recovery, extended intellectual and physical effort, prevention and control of the aging phenomena.

MUSSELS (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Ions of calcium,

mollusk shells and fixed as chloride, lactate,

components, embedded in a food supplement called

15 MUSSELS (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Ions of calcium, magnesium and iron have were extracted from marine mollusk shells and fixed as chloride, lactate, levulinate and, together with other bioactive components, embedded in a food supplement called RĂDUCU, useful in the treatment of anemia, rickets and tetanus related to lack of calcium. RHEUMAMER-protects the conjunctive tissues, having, in the same time, antiinflammatory properties.

Romanian seaside of the Black Sea, with recognised nutritive

16 MARINE FISH Marine resources like goby (Gobius miger) or hanus (Neobius cephalanga - nostomus) are common species along Romanian seaside of the Black Sea, with recognised nutritive value. ARTHROMER-adjuvant in arthrosis, spondylosis, rheumatic polyartrits

17 SHARK CARTILAGE CARTILAJ DE RECHIN-arthritis, diabetic retinopathy, adjuvant in chemotherapy, osteoporosis, immunosuppression, psoriasis

18 BIOTECH project Biotechnology for new derma-cosmetic products based on peptideprotein complex from marine resources which are unused for food chain obtaining of derma- cosmetic products from roe and viscera of fish from the Black Sea and unusable raw materials in the food industry.

19 The intermediate products obtained in the research project are of two categories: - DERMOMAR 1 (peptide - protein complex) - DERMOMAR 2 (lipid-protein complex), further serve to diversify the range of ointments by introducing components and additives at user choice and availability.

20 NIMRD - NUCLEU PROGRAM - ONGOING PROJECT The research on the biotechnological exploitation of some marine resources from Romanian Black Sea Coast Project director: PhD biochem. Daniela Mariana Rosioru

21 Ovidius University Constanta Recovery of seaweed biomass in the Black Sea to obtain new nano - bio- pharmaceutical formula of innovative therapies for diseases of the soft tissues of the oral- facial system

22 Patents for pharmaceuticals PRODUS HEPATOPROTECTOR, PRODUS HIPOCOLESTEROLEMIANT OSIM AMILAZE OSIM 68328/75140 CELULAZE HEMICELULARE OSIM MEDICAMENT ANTIULCEROS OSIM 82876/90968/96784 COMPLEX ENZIMATIC PROTEOLITIC OSIM HIALURONIDAZA SI MEDICAMENT TROMBOLITIC OSIM 86312/90969/ COMPLEX CU ACTIVITATE ANTIHIALURONIDAZICA SI MEDICAMENTE CONDITIONATE GAMA ALFLUTOP-INJECTABIL, UZ EXTERN, APA DE GURA OSIM 82273/92641/98316/106239/ PRODUS ANTISCLEROTIC OSIM 8023 ULEIURI FARMACEUTICE OSIM 88044/ Monografia SUBSTANTE BIOLOGIC ACTIVE DIN ORGANISME MARINE,1992 N.Rosoiu, M.Serban

natural material from Black Sea the sustainable utilization of the

23 FURTHER? the permanent evaluation of the availability and free access to raw natural material from Black Sea the sustainable utilization of the marine offer the developing of the informational and organizational infrastructure in order to improve an accurate connection man ecosphere

IN VIVO AND IN VITRO COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF SOME PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES FROM Mytilus galloprovincialis

IN VIVO AND IN VITRO COMPARATIVE ASPECTS OF SOME PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES FROM Mytilus galloprovincialis Daniela Mariana MIRCEA 1, Natalia ROSOIU 2, Elena DUMITRESCU 1, Andra OROS 1 1 National Institute for