Cells and Osmosis BCT Questions Questions taken from 2-12 to 2-18 1. Which of the following would be least affected by defective receptor proteins on a cell membrane? a. Homeostasis b. Muscle activity c. Nerve signals d. Diffusion 2. A student prepared a normal wet mount slide of an Elodea leaf and observed it with a compound microscope. He then made the drawing labeled slide 1. His second drawing, slide 2, shows his observations of the same cell after it was mounted in 5% salt solution. The results are most fully explained by Slide 1 Slide 2 a. Loss of water from the cell b. Entrance of water into the cell c. Shrinkage of the cell wall d. Entrance of salt into the cell 3. In both plant and animal cells, the cell membrane a. Produces enzymes b. Controls reproduction c. Is composed of sugars d. Regulates diffusion 4. Which process accomplishes the movement of gases? a. Excretion b. Diffusion c. Carbohydrate synthesis d. Chemical digestion
5. A student using a compound light microscope to study plant cells observed that most of the cells resembled the one shown in the following diagram. Which diagram best illustrates how the plant cell would appear after being placed in a solution that has a lower water concentration that the cell? A B C D 6. A paramecium (single-celled organism) lives in a pond where the relative concentration of water is greater than the concentration of water in the cytoplasm. As a result, water molecules constantly move from the pond into the paramecium. The best long-term solution to the problem of maintaining a stable internal environment is for the paramecium to a. Change the water molecules into carbon dioxide and excrete it b. Store water molecules c. Incorporate water molecules into its structure d. Actively transport water molecules out of its cell 7. A biologist diluted a blood sample with distilled water. While observing the sample with a microscope, she noted that the red blood cells had burst. This bursting is most likely the result of which process? a. Staining b. Osmosis c. Digestion d. Active transport 8. Amino acids tend to move from a blood capillary into the adjacent cells because a. This is the only direction in which they can move b. The brain directs the movement into cells c. The cell needs amino acids to make protein d. The concentration of amino acids is lower than in the cell
9. An animal cell is placed in 5% salt solution. As a result of this procedure, the cell would be likely to a. Get larger b. Get larger, then smaller c. Get smaller d. Get smaller, then larger 10. Cytoplasm in a plant cell will shrink if the cell is a. Placed in a concentration salt solution b. Kept in warm and moist and in medium light c. Placed in distilled water d. Exposed to a different concentration of nitrogen gas 11. A few bacteria are placed in a nutrient solution. After several hours, thousands of bacteria are present. Which life activities are primarily responsible for this? a. Digestion and movement b. Digestion and reproduction c. Circulation and respiration d. Excretion and coordination 12. Mitochondria are organelles that a. Are necessary for the process of diffusion to take place b. Are found in the nucleus of some cells c. Initiate cell division in living cells d. Contain enzymes for cellular respiration 13. Which cellular structure is present in both eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells? a. Nuclear membrane b. Mitochondrion c. Cell membrane d. Chloroplast 14. The transfer of specific molecules through cell membranes is an important factor in the process of a. Cytoplasmic flow b. Mitotic division c. Homeostasis d. Nuclear transfer
15. Most of the enzymes found in the mitochondria are involved in the reactions associated with a. Extracting energy from nutrients b. Storing energy in nutrients c. DNA production d. Protein synthesis 16. The diagram below shows the change in position of two kinds of molecules on each side of a membrane over a period of time Beaker Beaker 5 hours later Which process explains the change in the positions of molecules after five hours? a. Respiration b. Photosynthesis c. Diffusion d. Excretion 17. All cells are able to continue living because of their ability to a. Produce food b. Excrete wastes c. Producing offspring d. Secrete hormones 18. Most of the reactions by which energy from sugars is released for use by the cell takes place within the a. Vacuoles b. Nuclei c. Ribosomes d. Mitochondria 19. A rotten egg may give off a foul-smelling gas containing sulfur. Which decomposing chemical compounds in the egg are the most likely source of this odor? a. Carbohydrates b. Proteins c. Lipids d. Nucleic acids
20. Which statement best describes a cell membrane? a. It is found only in animal cells b. It is a nonliving structure c. It controls reproduction in a cell d. It controls the passage of materials into the cell 21. Which structure is the boundary between a living cell and its environment? a. Cell membrane b. Cytoplasm c. Vacuole d. Ribosome 22. Which cell organelles are most closely associated with energy changes in a plant? a. Mitochondria and chromosomes b. Chloroplasts and mitochondria c. Chromosomes and nucleus d. Chloroplasts and nucleus 23. The cell organelles that are the sites of aerobic cellular respiration in both plant and animal cells are a. Mitochondria b. Chloroplasts c. Nuclei d. Vacuoles