Living Environment. Scientific Inquiry Exam

Transcription

1 Name: Class: 1. Which elements are present in all organic compounds? 1) nitrogen and carbon 3) hydrogen and oxygen 2) nitrogen and oxygen 4) hydrogen and carbon 2. Which substances are inorganic compounds? 1) enzymes and hormones 2) fats and oils 3) water and salts 4) proteins and carbohydrates 3. Plants store carbohydrates in the form of 1) fatty acids 3) starch 2) amino acids 4) nucleic acids 4. In living organisms, lipids function mainly as 1) catalysts of chemical reactions and components of cellular membranes 2) sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes 3) transmitters of genetic information and catalysts of chemical reactions 4) sources of stored energy and transmitters of genetic information 5. All enzymes are examples of organic molecules known as 1) proteins 3) lipids 2) nucleic acids 4) carbohydrates 6. Which statement best describes the cell membrane of a living plant cell? 1) It is composed of proteins and carbohydrates only. 2) It has the same permeability to all substances found inside or outside the cell. 3) It is a double protein layer with floating lipid molecules. 4) It selectively regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell. Living Environment Ms. Fazio 9. Muscle cells in athletes often have more mitochondria than muscle cells in nonathletes. Based on this observation, it can be inferred that the muscle cells in athletes 1) reproduce less frequently than the muscle cells of nonathletes 2) have a smaller demand for cell proteins than the muscle cells of nonathletes 3) have a greater demand for energy than the muscle cells of nonathletes 4) have nuclei containing more DNA than nuclei in the muscle cells of nonathletes 10. The largest amount of DNA in a plant cell is contained in 1) an enzyme molecule 3) a protein molecule 2) a nucleus 4) a chromosome 11. ATP is a compound that is synthesized when 1) digestive enzymes break amino acids into smaller parts 2) chemical bonds between carbon atoms are formed during photosynthesis 3) energy stored in chemical bonds is released during cellular respiration 4) energy stored in nitrogen is released, forming amino acids 12. Which statement best describes enzymes? 1) They are the building blocks of polymers. 2) They slow down the rate of breathing. 3) They speed up the conduction of impulses along a nerve cell. 4) They influence the rate of chemical reactions. 13. The diagram below represents a series of reactions that can occur in an organism. 7. Which organelles must be present within a cell of a leaf for cellular respiration and photosynthesis to occur? 1) endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome 2) mitochondrion and chloroplast 3) cell wall and lysosome 4) centrosome and nucleus 8. One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have 1) centrioles 3) a cell membrane 2) chloroplasts 4) a nucleus This diagram best illustrates the relationship between 1) amino acids and glucose 3) antigens and immunity 2) ribosomes and sugars 4) enzymes and synthesis

2 14. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below and on your knowledge of biology. Which factor most likely accounts for the change in the rate of enzyme action as the temperature increases from 40 C to 58 C? 1) The high temperature causes the shape of the enzyme to be altered. 2) Not enough substrate is present at these high temperatures. 3) Excess acids have been building up, causing the enzyme to become fatigued. 4) Too much substrate is present at these high temperatures. 15. An enzyme that works best in an acidic environment would function best at a ph of 1) 11 3) 3 2) 9 4) Base your answer to the following question on the statement below and on your knowledge of biology. Some internal environmental factors may interfere with the ability of an enzyme to function efficiently. Identify two internal environmental factors that directly influence the rate of enzyme action. 17. A student placed a food sample in a test tube. She added Benedict's solution to the sample and heated the test tube in a boiling water bath. After a few minutes, no color change was observed. Which conclusion could correctly be drawn? 1) Protein is present. 3) Protein is not present. 2) Glucose is present. 4) Glucose is not present. 18. Which substance is a suitable indicator for detecting the presence of starch in a plant cell? 1) bromthymol blue 3) Fehling's solution 2) ph paper 4) iodine solution

3 19. The diagram below represents a human cheek cell. Select one of the lettered parts from the diagram and record the letter of the part chosen. Using or more complete sentences, state a function of the part. 20. Base your answer to the following question on the diagrams below of two cells, X and Y, and on your knowledge of biology. Identify one process that is carried out in cell Y that is not carried out in cell X. 21. State one factor that influences which molecules can pass through the cell membrane of a human cell. 22. A red onion cell has undergone a change, as represented in the diagram below. This change is most likely due to the cell being placed in 1) salt water 3) darkness 2) light 4) distilled water

4 23. Base your answer to the following question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram illustrates an investigation carried out in a laboratory activity on diffusion. The beaker and the artificial cell also contain water. Predict what would happen over time by showing the location of molecules I, G, and S in diagram B above.

5 Answer Key Responses include, but are not limited to: temperature; ph; concentration of enzyme; substrate A. It regulates the transport of materials into and out of the cell; B. It controls the activities of the cell; C. It provides a fluid like environment in which organelles are suspended and within which many biochemical processes occur. 20. Examples: photosynthesis production of cellulose produces chlorophyll producing its own food 21. Responses include, but are not limited to: Molecule size; Concentration of molecules; Pore size; Carrier proteins; Molecule charge/shape

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