Electromagne7c Brain Mapping Physiology of source signals

Transcription

1 lectromagne7c Brain Mapping Physiology of source signals Sylvain Baillet McConnell Brain Imaging Centre Montreal Neurological Ins7tute McGill University Google it! MG MNI

2 The neural cell as elementary building block

3 The neural cell as elementary building block

4 The neural cell as elementary building block

5 The neural cell as elementary building block pyramidal cell as canonical source element

6 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

7 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

8 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

9 measured induced currents magnetometer Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

10 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

11 experimental data (micro)mg Murakami et al., J. Physiol (2002) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

12 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

13 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s equivalent current dipole model = +

14 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s equivalent current dipole model = +

15 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s equivalent current dipole model = +

16 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s overlap of multiple PSPs yields stronger contribution to MG/G signalling equivalent current dipole model = +

17 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s overlap of multiple PSPs yields stronger contribution to MG/G signalling stronger individual currents but poorer temporal overlap of APs equivalent current dipole model = +

18 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s overlap of multiple PSPs yields stronger contribution to MG/G signalling stronger individual currents but poorer temporal overlap of APs equivalent current dipole model = + > 50,000 cells

19 The equivalent current dipole = current source model of PSP s and AP s overlap of multiple PSPs yields stronger contribution to MG/G signalling stronger individual currents but poorer temporal overlap of APs equivalent current dipole model = + > 50,000 cells > 10,000 cells

20 influence of cell morphology on signal strength radial cell morphology

21 influence of cell morphology on signal strength radial cell morphology net current dipole

22 influence of cell morphology on signal strength radial cell morphology weaker net currents than from elongated cell morphology net current dipole

23 mesoscopic distribu7on of currents cortex

24 mesoscopic distribu7on of currents cortex

25 mesoscopic distribu7on of currents cortex nuclei

26 mesoscopic distribu7on of currents cortex nuclei

27 Dynamics a rapid overview

28 Dynamics a rapid overview

29 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons

30 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source MG example

31 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source MG example

32 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source MG example

33 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source Stimulus / behavioral event MG example

34 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons Average representations LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source Stimulus / behavioral event MG example

35 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons Average representations vent related response, perturbation LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source Stimulus / behavioral event MG example

36 Signal extrac7on: several op7ons Average representations vent related response, perturbation frequency γ β α θ δ power time-frequency decomposition time LFP G sensor/source MG sensor/source Stimulus / behavioral event MG example

37 Temporal jizer of unitary and ensemble responses Thalamic stimulation Cortical response Contreras & Steriade, J. Neurophys. (1996)

38 vidence of low-to-high frequency coupling of neural oscilla7ons: single cells & assemblies Contreras & Steriade, J. Neurosci. (1995)

39 Oscilla7ons a scaffold of neural dynamics

40 Oscilla7ons a scaffold of neural dynamics

41 State-dependent expressions of neural oscilla7ons

42 State-dependent expressions of neural oscilla7ons Consider the res7ng-state as a case example

43 State-dependent expressions of neural oscilla7ons Consider the res7ng-state as a case example fmri - BOLD Resting-state networks Buckner et al. Ann NY Acad. Sci. (2008) Carhart-Harris & Friston, Brain (2010)

44 State-dependent expressions of neural oscilla7ons Consider the res7ng-state as a case example fmri - BOLD Resting-state networks? Buckner et al. Ann NY Acad. Sci. (2008) Carhart-Harris & Friston, Brain (2010)

45 State-dependent expressions of neural oscilla7ons Consider the res7ng-state as a case example electrophysiology fmri - BOLD Resting-state networks β α? θ γ Buckner et al. Ann NY Acad. Sci. (2008) Carhart-Harris & Friston, Brain (2010) δ

46 Correla7on between ongoing brain rhythms and BOLD high γ γ β correla7on BOLD vs. envelope of oscillatory fluctua7ons δ θ α Schölvinck et al. PNAS (2010) see also Logothe7s et al., Nature (2001)

47 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain?

48 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? MG example Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

49 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? e-phys power MG example frequency Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

50 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? δ θ α β γ e-phys power MG example frequency Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

51 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? δ θ α β γ e-phys power MG example frequency Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

52 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? δ θ α β γ e-phys power MG example frequency Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

53 Interdependencies in the polyrhythmic ac7vity of the brain? cross-frequency coupling δ θ α β γ e-phys power MG example frequency Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

54 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)

55 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)

56 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC)

57 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) frequency for phase (fp)

58 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) frequency for phase (fp) frequency for amplitude (fa)

59 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) γ frequency for phase (fp) frequency for amplitude (fa)

60 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) γ frequency for phase (fp) θ frequency for amplitude (fa)

61 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics?

62 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

63 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

64 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

65 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

66 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

67 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

68 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

69 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly Human LFP Canolty et al. Science (2006) FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

70 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly Human LFP Canolty et al. Science (2006) FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) B Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) MG Florin & Baillet NeuroImage (2015)

71 Cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling (PAC): A generic mechanism regula7ng local brain dynamics? neural cell assembly Human LFP Canolty et al. Science (2006) FI SI MG example : net excitability I: net inhibi7on I I Comodulogram Frequency for amplitude PAC Buszaki & Wang Ann Rev Neurosc (2012) B Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) MG Florin & Baillet NeuroImage (2015)

72 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics?

73 Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics?

74 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

75 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α γ FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

76 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α γ INPUT FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

77 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α Dynamical relaying FI SI γ INPUT FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

78 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α Dynamical relaying FI SI γ INPUT FI SI Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

79 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α Dynamical relaying FI SI γ INPUT FI SI β Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017)

80 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α Dynamical relaying FI SI γ INPUT FI SI β δ α γ phase resetting I I I γ γ γ unpredicted STIM expected STIM expected STIM expected STIM Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) β

81 Cross-frequency coupling: a generic mechanism regula7ng long-range brain dynamics? δ α Dynamical relaying FI SI γ INPUT FI SI β δ α γ phase resetting I I I γ γ γ A testable holis7c model of interdependent, polyrhythmic neural ac7vity unpredicted STIM expected STIM expected STIM expected STIM Baillet, Nature Neuroscience (2017) β

82 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies

83 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies

84 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies δ α: cycles of regional excitability I I

85 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies δ α: cycles of regional excitability I I β: bursts as expressions of top-down modulations

86 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies δ α: cycles of regional excitability I I β: bursts as expressions of top-down modulations γ: bursts nested in slower rhythms, bottom-up signaling

87 Wrap-up: dis7nct roles for dis7nct frequencies δ α: cycles of regional excitability I I β: bursts as expressions of top-down modulations γ: bursts nested in slower rhythms, bottom-up signaling higher γ: PSP/AP spiking?

88 Review

89 Signal origins Review

90 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere)

91 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere) possible fast spiking ac7vity

92 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere) possible fast spiking ac7vity Dynamics

93 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere) possible fast spiking ac7vity Dynamics event-related responses as reseong of ongoing ac7vity

94 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere) possible fast spiking ac7vity Dynamics event-related responses as reseong of ongoing ac7vity dis7nct roles of typical frequency bands: net excita7on, bozom-up vs top-down signaling, etc

95 Review Signal origins currents induced by spa7o-temporal overlap of post-synap7c poten7als in cell assemblies (cortex and elsewhere) possible fast spiking ac7vity Dynamics event-related responses as reseong of ongoing ac7vity dis7nct roles of typical frequency bands: net excita7on, bozom-up vs top-down signaling, etc a topic of intense research