Creative Adjunct Therapies: part 4 Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy Noreen Esposito Ed.D., PMHNP-BC, FAANP, Eagala MH UNC at Chapel Hill KnowingHorse

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1 Creative Adjunct Therapies: part 4 Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy Noreen Esposito Ed.D., PMHNP-BC, FAANP, Eagala MH UNC at Chapel Hill KnowingHorse 2017 Psych Retreat Greensboro, NC

2 PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES At the end of this introductory session, the learner will have had the opportunity to Identify theoretical underpinnings of equine assisted psychotherapy practiced through the EAGALA Model Describe the characteristics of the EAGALA Model and criteria for ethical practice Explore the process of an EAGALA Model session Identify clients/problems that may benefit from EAGALA Model EAP Discuss levels of evidence supporting the EAGALA Model

3 The EAGALA Model is a form of AAT Animal assisted therapies (AAT) Goal-directed interven;on, by health professional with specialized exper;se, in scope of their profession Promotes human physical, social, emo;onal &/or cogni;ve fx Individual or Group

4 Many Equine forms of AAT Hippotherapy: (physical/occupa;onal/speech therapy)- motor sensory (e.g. therapeu;c riding) Organiza;onal Development (team building, leadership) Recrea;onal (corporate, esprit de corps) Psycho-spiritual EAL (tao of ) *Equine assisted psychotherapy - psychotherapeu4c (treatment/ healing) *Equine assisted learning (EAL or EFL) (psychosocial professional) (team building, leadership, values, meaning)

5 The EAGALA Model Uses the unique characteris;cs of horses Direct human/equine interac;on On-the-ground Solu;on-oriented Experien;al (Gestalt)

6 EAGALA Model The horse is viewed as a professional Human team is ALWAYS comprised of EAGALA cer;fied Equine specialist Licensed mental health professional Scope of prac;ce based on educa;on & exper;se A Code of Ethics Informed consent, confiden;ality

7 WHY HORSES? Sophis;cated, ins;nctual, emo;onal and they have superior sensory intelligence Social animals with dis;nct personali;es, awtudes & moods Horses are prey animals whose survival has depended on being exquisitely tuned into body language, innuendo, emo;onal tone and the posi;on and movements of objects in their sensory fields.

8 And. Despite their large size, they are easily frightened They react to the most subtle of s;muli They evaluate and respond (or not) to behaviors of others Their size/presence heightens our awareness We use their responses to our nonverbal behaviors as a mirror for understanding ourselves and our behaviors. this horse is mean.that horse is pushy...

9 The horse is.

10 The horses become Metaphoric Symbols for other parts of our lives Leaders / Followers Rela;onships spouses, co-workers, children Movement or non-movement Characteris;cs/personali;es Emo;ons Challenges, obstacles, objects

11 So..how does EAGALA work? Human team of ES & MH Observe horses, facilitate processing using specific techniques Equines (horses, minis, donkeys) Are both symbolic and real Are dynamic, act as catalysts Are untrained, respond ins;nc;vely in real ;me Do not try to please, are honest Open space Allow for free movement & symbolism Some;mes props Clients (child/adult, individual/couples/group)

12 EAGALA individual EAGALA in Prac8ce (4 min) h]ps://youtu.be/cqodoni_uss

13 Solu;on-oriented No direc;ve teaching of horsemanship Uses art of asking ques;ons Observa;ons, reflec;ve statements, ques;onasking Focus is on the process, never the goal Long term solu;ons rather than short-term feel-good fixes

14 Observa;on without interpreta;on Shib, Unique,

15 SPUDS & THEMES Shibs Pa]erns Unique Discrepancy Self awareness The SPUD s give us themes

16 Symbols and Metaphors U, D

17 Processing using CLEAN LANGUAGE Invite client to share their story Make observa;onal statements (Using SPUD s), building on their story Ques;on-asking (clean language ques;ons) to move their story forward Reflec;ve listening/clarifica;on statements Explore metaphors Horses, props, environment

18 What happens? Increase awareness of self in the world Increase insight into pa]erns of responses Opportunity for change, to try new approaches in a safe, non-judgmental environment

19 Advantages of EAGALA Model Experien;al, integrates body/mind Horses speed up change Raise awareness Discover new behaviors Experiment with new skills Immediate feedback from horses Non-judgmental Decrease risk of therapeu;c alliance rupture (horses less of threat) Horses are honest, clients more willing to accept without defending

20 Disadvantages Need access to horses, ;me and financial commitment Physical demands/risks differ than office sewng Weather influences/indoor arenas Animal allergies

21 The EAGALA Model Stand-alone Collabora;ve Complementary

22 EAGALA for Military EAGALA Model Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Military ( 8 min) h]ps://youtu.be/bova;z-55g

23 Applica;on examples Anxiety/Depression Emo;on regula;on Trauma/PTSD Military trauma Grief & loss DBT skills Substance Abuse Communica;on Life transi;ons Social interac;ons Rela;onship Issues Boundary issues Respect Problem solving Ea;ng disorders

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27 Ma]hews, W. J. (1999). Brief therapy: a problem solving model of change. The Counselor, Maurstad, A., Davis, D., & Cowles, S. (2013). Co-being and intraac;on in horse-human rela;onships: a mul;-species ethnography of be(com)ing human and be(com)ing horse. Social Anthropology, 21(3), McCormick, A.V.R., & Marlena, D. (1997). Horse Sense and the Human Heart: What Horses Can Teach Us about Trust, Bonding, Crea8vity, and Spirituality. Health Communica;ons. Meinersmann, K. M., Bradberry, J., & Roberts, F. B. (2008). Equine-facilitated psychotherapy with adult female survivors of abuse. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 46(12), Notgrass, C. G. (2012). Equine assisted psychotherapy: A study of U.S. prac88oners trained by the equine assisted growth and learning associa8on. (Disserta;on), Disserta;on Abstracts Interna;onal Sec;on A: Humani;es and Social Sciences.

28 Nurenberg, J. etal (2015). Animal-Assisted Therapy with Chronic Psychiatric Inpa;ents: Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy and Aggressive Behavior. Psychiatric Services, 66, p Pike, K. (2009). Hope From the Heart of Horses: How Horses Teach Us About Presence, Strength and Awareness. New York, NY: Skyhorse Publishing. Pray, R. (2009). A brief guide to equine-assisted learning and equine-assisted psychotherapy: Retrieved from:h]p:// equine-assistedlearning-and-equine-assisted-psychotherapy. Rashid, M. (2000). Horses Never Lie: The Heart of Passive Leadership. New York, NY: Skyhorse Publishing. Rector, B. (2000). The Handbook of Equine Experien8al Learning: Through the Lens of Adventures in Awareness. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse. Schultz, P. N., Remick-Barlow, G. A., & Robbins, L. (2007). Equineassisted psychotherapy: a mental health promo;on/interven;on modality for children who have experienced intra-family violence. Health Soc Care Community, 15(3), doi: /j x

29 Smith, J. A., & Mitchell, R. W. (2013). Experiencing animal minds : an anthology of animal-human encounters. New York: Columbia University Press. Sullivan, W., & Rees, J. (2008). Clean language : revealing metaphors and opening minds (1st ed.). Bethel, Conn.: Crown House Pub. Thomas, L., & Lytle, M. (2016). Transforming Therapy through horses: Case studies teaching the EAGALA Model in ac8on. Santaquin, Ut: EAGALA Tro]er, K., Chandler, C., Goodwin-Bond, D., & Casey, J. (2008). A compara;ve study of the efficacy of group equine assisted counseling with at-risk children and adolescents. Journal of Crea8vity in Mental Health, 3(3), Tro]er, K. (2011). Harness the power of equine-assisted counseling: Adding animal-assisted therapy to your prac8ce. New York: Routledge. Walsh, K. M., & Blakeney, B. A. (2013). Nurse presence enhanced through Equus. J Holis8c Nursing, 31(2), doi: /

30 Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association Knowing Horse : noreenesposito@me.com or noreen@knowinghorse.com 2017 Psych Retreat GREENSBORO, NC