Autoimmune diseases, their pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of unwanted immune responses (Janeway s Immunobiology)
|
|
- Giles Dorsey
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Autoimmune diseases, their pathogenic mechanisms and treatment of unwanted immune responses (Janeway s Immunobiology) Picture source: kum.uniheidelberg.de/fil eadmin/pressest elle/pm_neu/20 13/05_2013/PM _MS_EPO_Dieh m_ jpg ( ) Ann-Britt Schäfer Faculty of chemistry and biochemistry Molecular Immunology 2016 Date: Wed 29th June,
2 Overview classification involved components chronic autoimmune diseases mechanisms of tissue/cell damage autoantibodies T cells Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs biologics 2
3 general information loss of self tolerance autoimmunity can be provoked: proved by mouse models self proteins are hard to eliminate Picture source: ( ) 3
4 Classification Organ-specific autoimmune diseases Organ-specfic: few organs are targeted Systemic: many tissues effected both can become chronical clustering of autoimmune diseases classification into subtypes Type 1 diabetes mellitus Goodpasture s syndrom Multiple sclerosis Crohn s disease Psoriasis Graves disease Hashimoto s thyroiditis Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune Addison s disease Vitiligo Myasthenia gravis Systemic autoimmune diseases Rheumatoid arthritis Scleroderma Systemic lupus erythematosus Primary Sjögren s syndrome Polymyositis Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.623 4
5 Classification Organ-specific autoimmune diseases Organ-specfic: few organs are targeted Systemic: many tissues effected both can become chronical clustering of autoimmune diseases classification into subtypes exceptions: inflamatory bowel disease (IBD) autoimmune hemolytic anemia Type 1 diabetes mellitus Goodpasture s syndrom Multiple sclerosis Crohn s disease Psoriasis Graves disease Hashimoto s thyroiditis Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune Addison s disease Vitiligo Myasthenia gravis Systemic autoimmune diseases Rheumatoid arthritis Scleroderma Systemic lupus erythematosus Primary Sjögren s syndrome Polymyositis Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.623 5
6 involved components autoantibodies (e.g. myastenia gravis) recognize: acetylcholine receptors damage: muscle weakness Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.625 6
7 involved components autoantibodies (e.g. myastenia gravis) antibodies as immune complexes complement activation and ligation of Fc-receptors damage: inflammation of tissue Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.625 7
8 involved components effector T cells (e.g. type 1 diabetes) recognize: self peptides of commensal microbiota with self-mhc damage: local inflammation or dircet tissue damage Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.626 8
9 involved components pregnancy IgG can cross placenta maternal IgG is catabolized can cause chronic organ injury Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p.626 9
10 involved components Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
11 involved components Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
12 chronic autoimmune diseases high number of self antigen limiting of immune response is hardly possible broken sequestration Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
13 chronic autoimmune diseases autoimmune response lead to production of epitopes reveal cryptic epitopes epitope of antigen can be completly different e.g. SLE can be linked to the progress of a disease e.g. pemphigus vulgaris Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
14 Mechanisms of tissue/cell damage Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
15 Mechanisms of tissue/cell damage Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
16 Mechanisms of tissue/cell damage Type III are systemic diseases Type IV are mainly organ-specific diseases most diseases have a more complex response e.g. type 1 diabetes Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
17 Autoantibodies against blood cells self antigens on blood cells trigger destruction e.g. autoimmune hemolytic anemia destruction of blood cell in MPS or through lysis lysis of nucleated cells is rare but possible e.g. Hashimoto s thyroiditis treatment: removal of spleen administration of lgg Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
18 Autoantibodies against receptors stimulation of receptor through antibody binding e.g. Graves disease Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
19 Autoantibodies against receptors inhibition of receptor through antibody binding e.g. myasthenia gravis autoantibodies against α-chain of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors progressive muscle weakness Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
20 Autoantibodies against extracellular antigens is rare but harmful Goodpasture s disease: antibodies against α 3 chain of basement membrane collagen ligate Fcγ receptor activation of monocytes, neutrophils, tissue basophils and mast cells release of chemokines influx of neutrophils Picture source: ( ) 20
21 Autoantibodies against extracellular antigens 3 failures in immune complex clearance 1. injection of large amounts of antigens large amounts of immune complexes overwhelming system (serum sickness) 2. chronic infections incapability of clearing infection bacterial endocarditis: widespread immune complex injury mixed essential cryoglobulinemia: deposite immune complexes in joint and tissues 21
22 Autoantibodies against extracellular antigens 3. part of the pathogenesis of SLE 3 types of antigens: nucleosome subunit of chromatin, spliceosome and small cytoplasmatic ribonucleoprotein complex autoantigens are exposed by dying cells large amounts of immune complexes are produced activation of phagocytic cells more nucleoprotein complexes 22
23 T cells specific for self antigens difficult to prove existence of autoreactive T cells: T cells recognition is MHC restricted difficult to identify targeted antigen antigens recognized by CD4 T cells are easier to identify than those that are recognized by CD8 T cells evidence through diseases like Typ 1 diabetes 23
24 T cells specific for self antigens evidence through diseases like Typ 1 diabetes Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
25 T cells Multiple sclerosis T cell mediated chronic neurological disease affected antigens: - myelin basic protein (MBP) - proteolipid protein (PLP) - myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) development of plaques demyelination of nerve cells inflammatrory infiltration along blood vessels Picture source: ( ) variety of neurological symptoms 25
26 T cells Multiple sclerosis autoreactive B cells produce with help of T cells autoantibodies against myelin antigens demyelination Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8th Edition; p
27 T cells Rheumatoid arthritis progressive chronic disease affected tissues: synovium, cartilage and bone Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
28 Overview classification involved components chronic autoimmune diseases mechanisms of tissue/cell damage autoantibodies T cells Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs biologics 28
29 Treatment of unwanted immune responses general information occur in autoimmune disease, transplant rejection and allergy aim: avoid tissue damage and prevent disruption of tissue function Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
30 Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs - corticosteroids cross plasma membranes bind intercellular receptors of nuclear receptor family regulate approximately 20% of genes expressed in leukocytes side effects: toxic and develop tolerance Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
31 Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs cytotoxic drugs most commen: azathioprine, mycophenolate and cyclophosphamide azathioprine target: DNA synthesis side effects: toxic to all tissues azathioprine: block de novo synthesis of AMP and GMP cyclophsphamide mycophenolate: block de novo synthesis of GMP cyclophosphamide: alkylates DNA Picture source: sigma aldrich 31
32 Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs non cytotoxic drugs most commen: cyclosporin A, tacrolimus (FK506) and rapamycin interfere with T cell signaling Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
33 Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs non cytotoxic drugs cyclosporin A and tacrolimus inhibit calcineurin T cells are sensitve to calcineurin side effects: affect all immune responses effect several tissues fine tuning of drug dosis is neccessary Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
34 Treatment of unwanted immune responses drugs non cytotoxic drugs rapamycin immunophilin complex inhibits mtor reduces cell growth and proliferation increase number of regulatory T cells fingolimod: inhibits migration of dendritic cells causes retention of effector lymphocytes Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
35 Treatment of unwanted immune responses biologics monoclonal antibodies new class of therapeutic compounds act by two general mechanisms: depleting antibodies (trigger destruction of lymphocytes) non depleting antibodies (blocking function of their target protein) various approches to make them more compatible Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
36 Treatment of unwanted immune responses biologics monoclonal antibodies Monoclonal antibodies developed for Immunotherapy Generic name Specifity Mechanism of action Approved indication Rituximab Anti-CD20 Eliminates B cells Alemtuzumab Muromonab Daclizumab Basiliximab Infliximab Anti-CD52 Anti-CD3 Anti-IL2R Eliminates lymphocytes Inhibits T cell activation Reduces T cell activation Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma Chronic myeloid leukemia Kidney transplantation Crohn s disease Certolizumab Adalimumab Golimumab Anti-TNF-α Inhibit inflamation induced by TNF-α Rheumatoid arthritis Source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
37 Treatment of unwanted immune responses biologic agents immunomodulatory therapy: aim is to reduce tissue damage antibodies against activity of cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1 anti-tnf-α antibodies are used in rheumatoid arthritis block TNF- α activity neutralize TNF- α activity problem: higher risk of infections e.g tubercolosis 37
38 Treatment of unwanted immune responses biologics natalizumba is specific for α 4 integrin subunit blockade of α 4 :β 1 integrin is not specific side effect: reduced defence against infections Picture source: Murphy, Kenneth; Janeway; 8 th Edition; p
39 Treatment of unwanted immune responses biologics - antigens change of immune response and reduction or elimination of pathogenic features by antigen presentation for example: peptides given orally can effect regulator T cells without activating other T cells peptide drugs (e.g. glatiramer acetat) altered peptide ligands can be designed to be an antagonist, agonist or induce differentiation of regulatory T cells 39
40 take home messages : classification of diseases in organ-specific and systemic classification of tissue injury by scheme of hypersensitivity reactions multiple components are involved inducement of autoimmune response remains unclear Treatment of unwanted immune responses: conventional drugs: anti-inflammatory have a wide range cytotoxic kill all dividing cells immunosupressant drug intervene in intracellular signaling pathways biologics: reduce, inhibit or prevent lymphocyte actions inhibition TNF-α 40
41 Thank you for your attention 41
42 List of sources M. KENNETH, Janeway s Immunobiology, 8 th Edition
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY Manipulation of immune response Autoimmune diseases & the pathogenic mechanism
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY Manipulation of immune response Autoimmune diseases & the pathogenic mechanism SCHMAIEL SHIRDEL CONTENT 2 Introduction Autoimmune diseases Classification Involved components Autoimmune
More informationWhat is Autoimmunity?
Autoimmunity What is Autoimmunity? Robert Beatty MCB150 Autoimmunity is an immune response to self antigens that results in disease. The immune response to self is a result of a breakdown in immune tolerance.
More informationWhat is Autoimmunity?
Autoimmunity What is Autoimmunity? Robert Beatty MCB150 Autoimmunity is an immune response to self antigens that results in disease. The immune response to self is a result of a breakdown in immune tolerance.
More informationImmune tolerance, autoimmune diseases
Immune tolerance, autoimmune diseases Immune tolerance Central: negative selection during thymic education deletion of autoreactive B-lymphocytes in bone marrow Positive selection in the thymus Negative
More informationHYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS D R S H O AI B R AZ A
HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS D R S H O AI B R AZ A HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS Are exaggerated immune response upon antigenic stimulation Individuals who have been previously exposed to an antigen are said
More informationImmunology 2011 Lecture 20 Autoimmunity 18 October
Immunology 2011 Lecture 20 Autoimmunity 18 October APC Antigen processing (dendritic cells, MΦ et al.) Antigen "presentation" Ag/Ab complexes Antigenspecific triggering B T ANTIGEN Proliferation Differentiation
More informationPotential Rebalancing of the Immune System by Anti-CD52 Therapy
Potential Rebalancing of the Immune System by Anti-CD52 Therapy Johanne Kaplan, PhD VP Neuroimmunology Research Genzyme March 26, 2013 RESTRICTED USE SEE TRAINING MEMO 2011 DO Genzyme NOT 1COPY Corporation
More informationImmune responses in autoimmune diseases
Immune responses in autoimmune diseases Erika Jensen-Jarolim Dept. of Pathophysiology Medical University Vienna CCHD Lecture January 24, 2007 Primary immune organs: Bone marrow Thymus Secondary: Lymph
More informationImmunology. Lecture- 8
Immunology Lecture- 8 Immunological Disorders Immunodeficiency Autoimmune Disease Hypersensitivities Immunodeficiency 1. Immunodeficiency --> abnormal production or function of immune cells, phagocytes,
More informationBachelor of Chinese Medicine ( ) AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
Bachelor of Chinese Medicine (2002 2003) BCM II Dr. EYT Chan February 6, 2003 9:30 am 1:00 pm Rm 134 UPB AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES 1. Introduction Diseases may be the consequence of an aberrant immune response,
More informationManipulation of the Immune Response - Immunomodulation -
Manipulation of the Immune Response - Immunomodulation - Janeway s Immunobiology, 9 th ed., 2017. Ivana Novak Nakir Immune system Immune system make components, cells and organs that act together to defend
More informationIntroduction to Immunopathology
MICR2209 Introduction to Immunopathology Dr Allison Imrie 1 Allergy and Hypersensitivity Adaptive immune responses can sometimes be elicited by antigens not associated with infectious agents, and this
More informationEffector T Cells and
1 Effector T Cells and Cytokines Andrew Lichtman, MD PhD Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School 2 Lecture outline Cytokines Subsets of CD4+ T cells: definitions, functions, development New
More informationMedical Immunology Practice Questions-2016 Autoimmunity + Case Studies
Medical Immunology Practice Questions-2016 Autoimmunity + Case Studies Directions: Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements in this section is followed by answers or by completions of the statement.
More informationAutoimmunity. Autoimmunity arises because of defects in central or peripheral tolerance of lymphocytes to selfantigens
Autoimmunity Autoimmunity arises because of defects in central or peripheral tolerance of lymphocytes to selfantigens Autoimmune disease can be caused to primary defects in B cells, T cells and possibly
More informationImmunosuppressants. Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia
Immunosuppressants Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia Immunosuppressive Agents Very useful in minimizing the occurrence of exaggerated or inappropriate
More informationPROBLEMS WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. Blood Types, Transplants, Allergies, Autoimmune diseases, Immunodeficiency Diseases
PROBLEMS WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Blood Types, Transplants, Allergies, Autoimmune diseases, Immunodeficiency Diseases Antigens on red blood cells determine whether a person has type A, B, AB, or O blood
More informationPrinciples of Adaptive Immunity
Principles of Adaptive Immunity Chapter 3 Parham Hans de Haard 17 th of May 2010 Agenda Recognition molecules of adaptive immune system Features adaptive immune system Immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors
More informationHow the Innate Immune System Profiles Pathogens
How the Innate Immune System Profiles Pathogens Receptors on macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells for bacteria and viruses Broad specificity - Two main groups of bacteria: gram positive, gram-negative
More informationCellular Pathology of immunological disorders
Cellular Pathology of immunological disorders SCBM344 Cellular and Molecular Pathology Witchuda Payuhakrit, Ph.D (Pathobiology) witchuda.pay@mahidol.ac.th Objectives Describe the etiology of immunological
More informationThe Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses 12PART B Adaptive Defense System: Third Line of Defense Immune
More information10/25/2018. Autoimmunity and how to treat it. Disclosure. Why do we get autoimmunity? James Verbsky MD/PhD Pediatric Rheumatology/Immunology
Autoimmunity and how to treat it James Verbsky MD/PhD Pediatric Rheumatology/Immunology Disclosure None I will mention drug names and some brand names but I have no financial interest or any other ties
More informationA. Incorrect! The duodenum drains to the superior mesenteric lymph nodes. B. Incorrect! The jejunum drains to the superior mesenteric lymph nodes.
USMLE Step 1 Problem Drill 11: Immunology Question No. 1 of 10 1. A 67 year old man is discovered to have metastatic disease involving his inferior mesenteric lymph nodes. His primary cancer is most likely
More informationI. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15
10/24/11 I. Defense Mechanisms Chapter 15 Immune System Lecture PowerPoint Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Defense Mechanisms Protect against
More informationChapter 16 Disorders in Immunity
Chapter 16 Disorders in Immunity Immunopathology The study of disease states associated with underactivity and overactivity of the immune response Allergy (hypersensitivity) an exaggerated, misdirected
More informationDNA vaccine, peripheral T-cell tolerance modulation 185
Subject Index Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) animal models 41 43 asthma inhibition 45 overview 41 mast cell modulation of T-cells 62 64 respiratory tolerance 40, 41 Tregs inhibition role 44 respiratory
More informationand immune cells Dr Leanne Gardner Dr Carol Pridgeon Imperial College London
and immune cells Dr Leanne Gardner Dr Carol Pridgeon Imperial College London What causes this? http://www.bioan.dk/projekter/methicillin _Resistente_S.aureus.htm www.thesahara.net/ feet_foot_nail_care.htm
More informationDiseases of Immunity 2017 CL Davis General Pathology. Paul W. Snyder, DVM, PhD Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc.
Diseases of Immunity 2017 CL Davis General Pathology Paul W. Snyder, DVM, PhD Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc. Autoimmunity Reflects a loss of immunologic tolerance Mechanisms Auto-antibodies
More informationAlida R Harahap & Farida Oesman Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia
Alida R Harahap & Farida Oesman Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia Foreign molecules = antigens Immune response Immune system non-specific specific cellular humoral
More informationImmune system. Aims. Immune system. Lymphatic organs. Inflammation. Natural immune system. Adaptive immune system
Aims Immune system Lymphatic organs Inflammation Natural immune system Adaptive immune system Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Disorders of the immune system 1 2 Immune system Lymphoid organs Immune
More informationPathophysiology, Mechanisms for the Induction and Animal Models of
Pathophysiology, Mechanisms for the Induction and Animal Models of Autoimmune Diseases Eun Wha Choi, DVM, PhD Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute (From New therapeutic
More informationAutoimmunity Origins. Horror autotoxicus: Literally, the horror of self-toxicity.
Autoimmunity Autoimmunity Origins Horror autotoxicus: Literally, the horror of self-toxicity. A term coined by the German immunologist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) to describe the body's innate aversion to
More informationPhysiology Unit 3. ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response
Physiology Unit 3 ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY The Specific Immune Response In Physiology Today The Adaptive Arm of the Immune System Specific Immune Response Internal defense against a specific pathogen Acquired
More information. Autoimmune disease. Dr. Baha,Hamdi.AL-Amiedi Ph.D.Microbiology
. Autoimmune disease Dr. Baha,Hamdi.AL-Amiedi Ph.D.Microbiology, Paul Ehrich The term coined by the German immunologist paul Ehrich ( 1854-1915) To describe the bodys innate aversion to immunological
More informationAutoimmunity and autoinflammation
Autoimmunity and autoinflammation Primary immunodeficiencies Autoimmunity and autoinflammation 1 Primary immunodeficiencies List of some common abbreviations APECED CAPS CGD CINCA CRMO CVID FCAS FMF HIDS
More informationMicrobiology 204: Cellular and Molecular Immunology
Microbiology 204: Cellular and Molecular Immunology Class meets MWF 1:00-2:30PM (*exceptions: no class Fri Sept 23, Fri Oct 14, Nov 11, or Wed Nov 23) Lectures are open to auditors and will be live-streamed
More informationRequirements in the Development of an Autoimmune Disease Amino Acids in the Shared Epitope
+ T cell MHC/self-peptide MHC/Vβ Induction of + T H 1 mediated autoimmunity: A paradigm for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and type I diabetes APC Activated autoreactive +
More informationChapter 35 Active Reading Guide The Immune System
Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Chapter 35 Active Reading Guide The Immune System Section 1 Phagocytosis plays an important role in the immune systems of both invertebrates and vertebrates. Review the process
More informationAnaphylactic response in rabbit Part II
Anaphylactic response in rabbit Part II Introduction Four types of hypersensitivity reactions: Type I: allergy Type II: antibodies Type III: immune complex Type IV: T-cells Type I Hypersensitivity ALLERGY
More informationAll animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The Immune System All animals have innate immunity, a defense active immediately upon infection Vertebrates also have adaptive immunity Figure 43.2 In innate immunity, recognition and
More informationChapter 1. Chapter 1 Concepts. MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally!
MCMP422 Immunology and Biologics Immunology is important personally and professionally! Learn the language - use the glossary and index RNR - Reading, Note taking, Reviewing All materials in Chapters 1-3
More informationAutoimmune Diseases. Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic
Autoimmune Diseases Betsy Kirchner CNP The Cleveland Clinic Disclosures (financial) No relevant disclosures Learning Objectives Explain the pathophysiology of autoimmune disease Discuss safe administration
More informationFoundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition
Lecture PowerPoint to accompany Foundations in Microbiology Seventh Edition Talaro Chapter 16 To run the animations you must be in Slideshow View. Use the buttons on the animation to play, pause, and turn
More informationImmunology for the Rheumatologist
Immunology for the Rheumatologist Rheumatologists frequently deal with the immune system gone awry, rarely studying normal immunology. This program is an overview and discussion of the function of the
More informationNeuroimmunology. Innervation of lymphoid organs. Neurotransmitters. Neuroendocrine hormones. Cytokines. Autoimmunity
Neuroimmunology Innervation of lymphoid organs Neurotransmitters Neuroendocrine hormones Cytokines Autoimmunity CNS has two ways of contacting and regulating structures in the periphery Autonomic
More informationSelf-tolerance. Lack of immune responsiveness to an individual s own tissue antigens. Central Tolerance. Peripheral tolerance
Autoimmunity Self-tolerance Lack of immune responsiveness to an individual s own tissue antigens Central Tolerance Peripheral tolerance Factors Regulating Immune Response Antigen availability Properties
More informationMedical Immunology Dr. Hassan Abul Raghib Lecture 16
Medical Immunology Dr. Hassan Abul Raghib Lecture 16 Autoimmunity: Natural Auto-Antibodies: - Autoimmunity is not very uncommon; because there are auto-antibodies in all of us (natural auto-antibodies).
More informationHypersensitivity is the term used when an immune response results in exaggerated or inappropriate reactions harmful to the host.
Hypersensitivity is the term used when an immune response results in exaggerated or inappropriate reactions harmful to the host. Hypersensitivity vs. allergy Hypersensitivity reactions require a pre-sensitized
More informationMucosal Immune System
Exam Format 100 points - 60 pts mandatory; 40 points where 4, 10 point questions will be chosen Some open-ended questions, some short answer. Kuby question Cytokines Terminology How do cytokines achieve
More informationBlood and Immune system Acquired Immunity
Blood and Immune system Acquired Immunity Immunity Acquired (Adaptive) Immunity Defensive mechanisms include : 1) Innate immunity (Natural or Non specific) 2) Acquired immunity (Adaptive or Specific) Cell-mediated
More informationDisorders Associated with the Immune System
PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Bradley W. Christian, McLennan Community College C H A P T E R 19 Disorders Associated with the Immune System Disorders of the Immune System Disorders of the
More informationDisruption of Healthy Tissue by the Immune Response Autoimmune diseases: Inappropriate immune response against self-components
Chapter 13 Disruption of Healthy Tissue by the Immune Response Autoimmune diseases: Inappropriate immune response against self-components Humoral imm 胞外 胞內 CMI: CD8 T Self Ag Self(Auto) antigen (encoded
More informationEditing file. Color code: Important in red Extra in blue. Autoimmune Diseases
Editing file Color code: Important in red Extra in blue Autoimmune Diseases Objectives To know that the inflammatory processes in autoimmune diseases are mediated by hypersensitivity reactions (type II,
More informationImmune System. Biol 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13
Immune System Biol 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Outline Immune System I. Function of the Immune system II. Barrier Defenses III. Nonspecific Defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response C. Complementary
More informationAllergic rhinitis (Hay fever) Asthma Anaphylaxis Urticaria Atopic dermatitis
Hypersensitivity Disorders Hypersensitivity Disorders Immune Response IgE Disease Example Ragweed hay fever IgG Cytotoxic Immune complex T Cell Hemolytic anemia Serum sickness Poison ivy IgE-mediated Diseases
More informationT Cell Effector Mechanisms I: B cell Help & DTH
T Cell Effector Mechanisms I: B cell Help & DTH Ned Braunstein, MD The Major T Cell Subsets p56 lck + T cells γ δ ε ζ ζ p56 lck CD8+ T cells γ δ ε ζ ζ Cα Cβ Vα Vβ CD3 CD8 Cα Cβ Vα Vβ CD3 MHC II peptide
More informationThird line of Defense
Chapter 15 Specific Immunity and Immunization Topics -3 rd of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities Third line of Defense Specific immunity is a complex interaction of immune cells (leukocytes)
More informationImmunity. Acquired immunity differs from innate immunity in specificity & memory from 1 st exposure
Immunity (1) Non specific (innate) immunity (2) Specific (acquired) immunity Characters: (1) Non specific: does not need special recognition of the foreign cell. (2) Innate: does not need previous exposure.
More informationIntroduce the important components of the immune system Show how they interact & protect the body
Immunology in Rheumatic Diseases Knowledge of immunology forms the basis of understanding many of the Rheumatologic diseases and has become the focus of many exciting new treatment strategies. AIMS OF
More informationThe Immune System. by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College
The Immune System by Dr. Carmen Rexach Physiology Mt San Antonio College What is the immune system? defense system found in vertebrates Two categories Nonspecific specific provides protection from pathogens
More informationImmune System. Biology 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13
Immune System Biology 105 Lecture 16 Chapter 13 Outline: Immune System I. Functions of the immune system II. Barrier defenses III. Non-specific defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response
More informationHLA and antigen presentation. Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol
HLA and antigen presentation Department of Immunology Charles University, 2nd Medical School University Hospital Motol MHC in adaptive immunity Characteristics Specificity Innate For structures shared
More informationPHM142 Autoimmune Disorders + Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions
PHM142 Autoimmune Disorders + Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions 1 Autoimmune Disorders Auto-reactivity: low physiological levels (e.g. tolerance) vs. pathogenic levels 80+ types of autoimmune diseases affect
More informationTransplantation. Immunology Unit College of Medicine King Saud University
Transplantation Immunology Unit College of Medicine King Saud University Objectives To understand the diversity among human leukocyte antigens (HLA) or major histocompatibility complex (MHC) To know the
More informationAttribution: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Attribution: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Microbiology and Immunology License: Unless otherwise noted, this material is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution
More informationNOTES: CH 43, part 2 Immunity; Immune Disruptions ( )
NOTES: CH 43, part 2 Immunity; Immune Disruptions (43.3-43.4) Activated B & T Lymphocytes produce: CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE: involves specialized T cells destroying infected host cells HUMORAL IMMUNE
More informationChapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II
Chapter 17B: Adaptive Immunity Part II 1. Cell-Mediated Immune Response 2. Humoral Immune Response 3. Antibodies 1. The Cell-Mediated Immune Response Basic Steps of Cell-Mediated IR 1 2a CD4 + MHC cl.
More information2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Exposure to pathogens naturally activates the immune system. Takes days to be effective Pearson Education, Inc.
The innate immune interact with the adaptive immune system 1. Damage to skin causes bleeding = bradykinin activated, resulting in inflammation 2. Dendritic phagocytose pathogens Adaptive immunity 4. Dendritic
More informationOverview. Barriers help animals defend against many dangerous pathogens they encounter.
Immunity Overview Barriers help animals defend against many dangerous pathogens they encounter. The immune system recognizes foreign bodies and responds with the production of immune cells and proteins.
More informationAmino acid sequences in the β chain HLA- DRB*0401 molecules dictate susceptibility to RA Amino Acids in the Shared Epitope
MHC/self-peptide MHC/Vβ TCR Vβx + Vβx T cell Induction of + TH1 mediated autoimmunity: A paradigm for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and APC type I diabetes TCR Vβx Activated
More information[AUTOIMMUNITY] July 14, 2013
This sheet includes only the extra notes. Slide 5,6: [AUTOIMMUNITY] July 14, 2013 Autoimmunity is the condition or case where the immune system is activated by self antigensand when the immune system no
More informationMon, Wed, Fri 11:00 AM-12:00 PM. Owen, Judy, Jenni Punt, and Sharon Stranford Kuby-Immunology, 7th. Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co., New York.
Course Title: Course Number: Immunology Biol-341/541 Semester: Fall 2013 Location: HS 268 Time: Instructor: 8:00-9:30 AM Tue/Thur Dr. Colleen M. McDermott Office: Nursing Ed 101 (424-1217) E-mail*: mcdermot@uwosh.edu
More informationImmune System. Biol 105 Chapter 13
Immune System Biol 105 Chapter 13 Outline Immune System I. Function of the Immune system II. Barrier Defenses III. Nonspecific Defenses A. Immune system cells B. Inflammatory response C. Complementary
More informationThis is a free sample of content from Immune Tolerance. Click here for more information or to buy the book.
A ACPAs. See Antibodies to citrullinated peptide antigens Activation-induced cell death (AICD), 25 AICD. See Activation-induced cell death AIRE, 3, 18 19, 24, 88, 103 104 AKT, 35 Alefacept, 136 ALPS. See
More informationT Lymphocyte Activation and Costimulation. FOCiS. Lecture outline
1 T Lymphocyte Activation and Costimulation Abul K. Abbas, MD UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline T cell activation Costimulation, the B7:CD28 family Inhibitory receptors of T cells Targeting costimulators for
More informationDisruptions in the Immune
Disruptions in the Immune System Bởi: OpenStaxCollege A functioning immune system is essential for survival, but even the sophisticated cellular and molecular defenses of the mammalian immune response
More informationStaging of Type 1 Diabetes: Clinical Implications. April Deborah Hefty, MN, RN, CDE.
Staging of Type 1 Diabetes: TT Clinical Implications April 2016 Deborah Hefty, MN, RN, CDE dhefty@benaroyaresearch.org BRI s major contributions to type 1 diabetes research Identified type 1 diabetes susceptibility
More informationThe Immune System. A macrophage. ! Functions of the Immune System. ! Types of Immune Responses. ! Organization of the Immune System
The Immune System! Functions of the Immune System! Types of Immune Responses! Organization of the Immune System! Innate Defense Mechanisms! Acquired Defense Mechanisms! Applied Immunology A macrophage
More informationChapter 13 Lecture Outline
Chapter 13 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction
More informationFIT Board Review Corner March 2016
FIT Board Review Corner March 2016 Welcome to the FIT Board Review Corner, prepared by Sarah Spriet, DO, and Tammy Peng, MD, senior and junior representatives of ACAAI's Fellows-In-Training (FITs) to the
More informationThe relationship between PML-rituximab and other immunobiologicals: an overview
The relationship between PML-rituximab and other immunobiologicals: an overview Renaud Du Pasquier, M.D. Associate professor in Neurology Neuroimmunology University Hospital of Vaud, Switzerland Transatlantic
More informationChapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization
Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization Adaptive Immunity: The third line of defense Third line of defense acquired and specific. Dual System of B and T lymphocytes- Immunocompetence Antigen
More informationAntigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation. Abul K. Abbas UCSF. FOCiS
1 Antigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation Abul K. Abbas UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline Dendritic cells and antigen presentation The role of the MHC T cell activation Costimulation, the B7:CD28 family
More informationDr. Yi-chi M. Kong August 8, 2001 Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs Page 1 of 10 TRANSPLANTATION
Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs 379-399 Page 1 of 10 TRANSPLANTATION I. KINDS OF GRAFTS II. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DONOR AND RECIPIENT Benjamini. Ch. 19, Pgs 379-399 Page 2 of 10 II.GRAFT REJECTION IS IMMUNOLOGIC
More informationMicr-6005, Current Concepts of Immunology (Rutgers course number: 16:681:543) Spring 2009 Semester
Micr-6005, Current Concepts of Immunology (Rutgers course number: 16:681:543) (3 Credits) Spring 2009 Semester Course Director: (732-235-4501, ) Please note that this course is offered once every 2 years.
More informationCell-mediated response (what type of cell is activated and what gets destroyed?)
The Immune System Reading Guide (Chapter 43) Name Per 1. The immune response in animals can be divided into innate immunity and adaptive immunity. As an overview, complete this figure indicating the divisions
More informationACTIVATION AND EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND NK CELLS. Choompone Sakonwasun, MD (Hons), FRCPT
ACTIVATION AND EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AND NK CELLS Choompone Sakonwasun, MD (Hons), FRCPT Types of Adaptive Immunity Types of T Cell-mediated Immune Reactions CTLs = cytotoxic T lymphocytes
More informationEssentials In Immunology Prof. Anjali A. Karande Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Essentials In Immunology Prof. Anjali A. Karande Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Lecture No. # 16 Autoimmunity Autoimmuno-deficiencies f the B cells So, in today s class,
More informationEndeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au
Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au BIOH122 Human Biological Science 2 Session 9 Immune System 2 Bioscience Department Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au o Adaptive (Specific)
More informationAutoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases. Autoantibodies. Autoimmune diseases relatively common
Autoimmune diseases Fundamental abnormality: the adaptive immune system is triggered by self antigens to initiate a sustained immune response against self molecules that results in tissue injury Specificity
More informationAutoimmunity. Mark S. Anderson, MD, PhD University of California San Francisco
Autoimmunity Mark S. Anderson, MD, PhD University of California San Francisco Autoimmunity Definition: immune response against self (auto-) antigen General principles: Significant health burden, 5% of
More informationReporting Autoimmune Diseases in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Reporting Autoimmune Diseases in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Marcelo C. Pasquini, MD, MSc HVD05_1.ppt Outline Review of autoimmune diseases (AID). Role of transplantation for AID Data collection:
More informationMAF Shalaby Prof. Rheumatology Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
MAF Shalaby Prof. Rheumatology Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE RA SLE VASCULITIS RELAPSING POLYCHONDRITIS SS DM/PM SJOGREN S SYNDROME RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS Classically immune mediated
More informationImmunology. T-Lymphocytes. 16. Oktober 2014, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Karin Peters,
Immunology T-Lymphocytes 16. Oktober 2014, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Karin Peters, karin.peters@rub.de The role of T-effector cells in the immune response against microbes cellular immunity humoral immunity
More informationChapters 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune System. Overview. Specific Defenses 22/10/12. Part II. Specific Immunity BIOL242
Chapters 20, 21. Lymphatic and Immune System Part II. Specific Immunity BIOL242 Overview Properties of specific immunity Antigen presentation and the MHC complexes T cell activation B cell activation Antibodies
More informationM.Sc. III Semester Biotechnology End Semester Examination, 2013 Model Answer LBTM: 302 Advanced Immunology
Code : AS-2246 M.Sc. III Semester Biotechnology End Semester Examination, 2013 Model Answer LBTM: 302 Advanced Immunology A. Select one correct option for each of the following questions:- 2X10=10 1. (b)
More informationThe Pathogenesis of Chlamydia pneumoniae in Multiple Sclerosis: Current Thoughts and Future Directions
The Pathogenesis of Chlamydia pneumoniae in Multiple Sclerosis: Current Thoughts and Future Directions Seminars in Pathology March 9, 2010 Charles W. Stratton, M.D. Features of C. pneumoniae Infection
More informationThird line of Defense. Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization!
Topic 8 Specific Immunity (adaptive) (18) Topics - 3 rd Line of Defense - B cells - T cells - Specific Immunities 1 3 rd Line = Prophylaxis via Immunization! (a) A painting of Edward Jenner depicts a cow
More information生命科学基础 (21)- 动物的免疫器官. The Immune System. KE, Yuehai 柯越海. Zhejiang University, School of Basic Medical Sciences (BMS-ZJU) 浙江大学基础医学院
生命科学基础 (21)- 动物的免疫器官 The Immune System KE, Yuehai 柯越海 Zhejiang University, School of Basic Medical Sciences (BMS-ZJU) 浙江大学基础医学院 Outlines The Immune System 1. Innate immunity 2. Adaptive immunity 3. Immune
More informationImmune System. Presented by Kazzandra Anton, Rhea Chung, Lea Sado, and Raymond Tanaka
Immune System Presented by Kazzandra Anton, Rhea Chung, Lea Sado, and Raymond Tanaka Content Standards 35.1 In innate immunity, recognition and response rely on traits common to groups of pathogens 35.2
More information