Unilateral fusion of the coronal suture is the most. Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis: a rare cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly
|
|
- Sara Shaw
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 J Neurosurg Pediatrics 13: , 2014 AANS, 2014 Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis: a rare cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly Clinical aicle Tina M. Sauerhammer, M.D., Albe K. Oh, M.D., Michael Boyajian, M.D., Suresh N. Magge, M.D., John S. Myseros, M.D., Robe F. Keating, M.D., and Gary F. Rogers, M.D., J.D., M.B.A., M.P.H. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children s National Medical Center, Washington, DC Object. Unilateral fusion of the frontoparietal suture is the most common cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Localized fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture is rare but can lead to a similar, but subtly distinct, phenotype. Methods. A retrospective cha review of the authors craniofacial database was performed. Patients with isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis on CT imaging were included. Demographic data, as well as the clinical and radiographic findings, were recorded. Resus. Three patients were identified. All patients were female and none had an identifiable syndrome. Head circumference was normal in each patient. The mean age at presentation was 4.8 months (range months); 2 fusions were on the right side. Frontal flattening and recession of the supraorbital rim on the fused side were consistent physical findings. No patient had appreciable facial angulation or orbital dystopia, and 2 patients had anterior displacement of the eral ear. All 3 patients were initially misdiagnosed with unilateral coronal synostosis, and CT imaging at a mean age of 5.4 months (range months) was required to secure the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography findings included patency of the frontoparietal suture, minor to no anterior cranial base angulation, and veical flattening of the orbit without sphenoid wing elevation on the fused side. One patient underwent CT scanning at 2.1 months of age, which demonstrated a narrow, but patent, frontosphenoidal suture. The patient s condition was assumed to be a deformational process, and she underwent 6 months of unsuccessful helmet therapy. A repeat CT scan obtained at 10.7 months of age demonstrated the synostosis. All 3 patients underwent fronto-orbital correction at mean age of 12.1 months (range months). The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 11.7 months (range months). Conclusions. Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical frontal plagiocephaly. ( Key Words frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis frontal plagiocephaly synostotic plagiocephaly craniofacial Unilateral fusion of the coronal suture is the most common cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly, occurring at an estimated frequency of 1:10,000 live bihs. 16 Unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) has become synonymous with premature closure of the frontoparietal suture, but this is overly simplistic. The fronto-parietal fusion in UCS expands in an age-dependent fashion to involve another suture in the coronal ring, that is, the lateral aspect of the frontosphenoidal suture. 1,12 Synostotic extension into the skull base in patients Abbreviations used in this paper: DP = deformational plagiocephaly; IFS = isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis; UCS = unilateral coronal synostosis. with UCS was first repoed by Seeger and Gabrielsen using plain radiographs 15 and later by others using CT scanning. 5,12 Moreover, the fusion appears to limit growth of other anterior cranial and facial sutures that lie on the same plane as the frontoparietal suture (for example, the fronto-ethmoidal, sphenozygomatic, sphenotemporal, and zygomaticotemporal sutures), ahough these sutures do not appear to fuse. These findings have led some authors to recommend expanding the classic definition of the coronal ring (frontoparietal, frontosphenoidal, and frontoethmoidal sutures) to include the sphenotemporal suture. 14 This aicle contains some figures that are displayed in color on line but in black-and-white in the print edition. 553
2 T. M. Sauerhammer et al. Thus, UCS cannot be considered a single suture fusion. It is more correctly classified as a complex craniosynostosis involving both the frontoparietal and frontosphenoidal sutures. Frontal plagiocephaly has been attributed to isolated involvement of other coronal ring components and adjacent sutures. Currarino described 2 patients presenting with eral frontal flattening with contralateral bossing secondary to fusion of the frontozygomatic suture.3 Neveheless, the accuracy of this diagnosis must be questioned since it was made using plain radiographs and has not been repoed since. Smat and coworkers observed frontal asymmetry in patients with squamosal synostosis.17 Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis (IFS) was first described by Francel and coworkers in 1995,6 and, while rare, it has until now only been repoed in 16 patients. This study adds another 3 patients to the small clinical pool and reinforces the unique challenges faced in correctly diagnosing and treating these patients. Methods Following institutional review board approval, a retrospective review of the craniofacial database at Children s National Medical Center was performed. All patients treated for craniosynostosis between 1989 and 2010 were identified. Patients with IFS confirmed by high-resolution CT imaging were included in the study. Recorded variables included demographic information, clinical presentation, physical findings, surgical treatment, and outcomes. Preoperative CT images with 3D reconstruction were analyzed for suture patency and calvarial morphology. Photographs, when obtained, were evaluated for phenotypic appearance. Resus Three patients demonstrated frontal plagiocephaly secondary to IFS. All patients were female and none had an identifiable syndrome. The mean age at presentation was 4.8 months (range months). Two patients had fusion of the right side. All patients exhibited a normal percentile head circumference and growth. In addition, consistent physical findings included frontal flattening and recession of the supraorbital rim on the fused side and minor to no facial angulation or orbital dystopia. The nasal root was slightly deviated to the unfused side, and the chin point did not appear deviated. Two patients had anterior displacement of the eral ear (Figs. 1 3). All 3 patients were initially misdiagnosed with UCS, and CT imaging performed at a mean age of 5.4 months (range months) was required to secure the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography findings included patency of the frontoparietal suture, little or no anterior cranial base angulation, and veical flattening of the orbit without sphenoid wing elevation on the fused side. One patient was diagnosed as having UCS sholy after bih, but a CT scan obtained at 2.1 months of age demonstrated a widely open frontoparietal suture and a narrowed, but patent, frontosphenoidal suture. The infant also demonstrated posterior cranial flattening and other signs con554 Fig. 1. Preoperative frontal (A) and submental (B) veex photographs obtained in a 2-month-old girl with right frontosphenoidal synostosis. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction showing frontal (C) and veex (D) views at 3 months of age, a fused frontosphenoidal suture (E), and a patent frontoparietal suture (F). sistent with deformational plagiocephaly (DP). The flattening was assumed to be the resu of deformation, and the patient underwent 6 months of helmet therapy that improved the posterior shape but did nothing for the frontal asymmetry. Repeat CT scanning at 10.7 months of age clearly demonstrated synostosis of the frontosphenoidal suture. All 3 patients underwent fronto-orbital correction at mean age of 12.1 months (range months). Gross examination confirmed fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture in all cases. All patients were managed with fronto-orbital advancement at a mean age of 12 months. Notwithstanding the contrasting clinical features of UCS and IFS, the surgical treatment is the same. Our operative technique
3 Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis Fig. 2. Preoperative frontal (A) and submental (B) veex photographs obtained in a 16-month-old girl with left frontosphenoidal synostosis. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction showing frontal (C) and submental (D) veex views at 10 months of age, left frontosphenoidal fusion (E), and right frontosphenoidal suture patency (F). Axial image revealing deviation of the cranial base (G). involved a standard open coronal approach. The frontal bone elements and supraorbital bandeau were contoured with radial cuts and osteotomies, respectively, to give an average advancement of 15 mm on the side of the synos- tosis. The contalateral side was either left at its normal anatomical position or advanced slightly to create symmetry. The bandeau on the eral side is adjusted higher (since it is depressed) in contrast to UCS, where Fig. 3. Preoperative frontal (A) and submental (B) views obtained in a 12-month-old girl with right frontosphenoidal synostosis. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction showing frontal (C) and veex (D) views at 2 months of age with bilateral patent frontosphenoidal sutures (E and F). Repeat imaging at 10 months reveals right frontosphenoidal fusion (G). 555
4 T. M. Sauerhammer et al. it is lowered. A combination of small wires and absorbable plates were used for fixation of the bony segments. Endocoical cancellous bone graft was used to fill in any bony defects. The mean postoperative follow-up was 11.7 months (range months). All 3 patients demonstrated stable symmetry of the frontal and orbital bones. At 2 years of follow-up, 1 patient exhibited a significant decrease in head circumference; CT imaging to rule out postoperative muisuture closure is pending. Discussion Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis is rare; fewer than 20 cases are described in the literature. Francel and colleagues described the first documented case of IFS in The patient demonstrated eral flattening and contralateral bossing of the forehead, eral superior orbital rim elevation and recession, contralateral nasal root deviation, symmetric chin and ear position, and mild anterior cranial base angulation. The authors repoed a harlequin sign on 3D CT imaging. Subsequent descriptions have varied from this initial description. Rogers and coworkers repoed a series of 3 patients with IFS. 13 While the forehead, nasal, and facial findings were consistent, the eral superior orbital rim was depressed (not raised), the eral maxilla was retruded, and there was no harlequin deformity. These physical findings are consistent with other cases. 4,7,8,11 Dundulis et al. repoed a case of IFS with the above-noted findings but with chin point deviation to the affected side 5 (Table 1). The clinical diagnosis of IFS can be challenging since this entity has physical findings of both DP and the more common hemicoronal ring fusion, UCS. Neveheless, there are clear phenotypic differences that can help secure the diagnosis (Table 2). All 3 entities present with forehead asymmetry in the sagittal plane, but only the synostoses have a negative sagittal orbital-globe relationship. The concept of the sagittal orbital-globe relationship, promulgated by Mulliken and coworkers in 1996, defines the sagittal distance between the superior orbital rim (orbitale superior) and the anterior cornea and is one of the most powerful clinical tools to identify (or rule out) fusions in the coronal ring. 9,10 Because the coronal ring sutures are responsible for anterior growth of the forehead and bandeau, synostosis of any of these elements will restrict sagittal growth and produce a negative relationship (that is, the superior orbital rim lies posterior to the anterior cornea). A negative superior orbital rim anterior cornea relationship is ubiquitous in patients with UCS and was observed in all of our patients with IFS. This finding is not present in DP. Clinical distinction between IFS and UCS rests on the presence of notable orbital dystopia and facial asymmetry in the latter, but not the former, diagnosis. Both entities have forehead flattening, even though the frontoparietal suture in IFS is patent. This finding has been attributed to the observation that fusion along any of the coronal ring sutures can resu in growth impairment of the other collinear patent sutures in the ring. 2,13,15 Orbital asymmetry in UCS is well described; the affected orbit is horizontally narrow and veically taller than that on the contralateral side. These changes are presumably a consequence of greater and lesser sphenoid wing elevation in the posterior orbit. We previously proposed an explanation for elevation of the greater sphenoid wing; early fusion of the frontoparietal suture impairs growth of patent TABLE 1: Case repos and series of IFS* Authors & Year No. of Patients Age at Diagnosis (mos) Side of Synostosis Nasal Tip Deviation Orbit Misdiagnosis Francel et al., recessed, harlequin Rogers & Mulliken, normal Dundulis et al., de Ribaupierre et al., normal hypoplastic hypoplastic Marucci et al., Mathijssen et al., normal recessed 14 9 normal recessed Plooij et al., depressed DP current series * Computed tomography scanning was performed in all patients in the studies. 556 recessed DP UCS UCS UCS DP
5 Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis TABLE 2: Comparison of physical and radiographic findings among UCS, IFS, and DP Finding UCS IFS DP physical finding eral forehead flattened flattened flattened contralateral forehead bossed bossed bossed eral superior orbital rim elevated; recessed depressed or elevated; recessed depressed; recessed eral maxilla protruded symmetric or retruded retruded nasal root erally deviated midline or contralaterally deviated midline chin contralaterally deviated midline erally deviated eral ear anterior symmetric, anterior, posterior posterior radiographic finding frontoparietal suture fused open open frontosphenoidal suture open or fused fused open anterior cranial base erally deviated contralaterally deviated midline coplanar sutures along the sphenoid (that is, frontosphenoidal, sphenoparietal, sphenotemporal, and sphenozygomatic sutures) and resus in the impaired sagittal growth and inferior displacement of the greater sphenoid wing. 12 In contrast, fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture may occur later in embryogenesis 8 and, because of its position, can only affect growth in the frontoparietal (thereby creating forehead and brow retrusion) and sphenozygomatic sutures. Thus, the impact on sphenoid position and size is negligible, and a harlequin sign is rarely present. 4 Facial asymmetry and nasal deviation in UCS is caused by angulation of the anterior cranial base toward the side of the fusion with severe shoening of the eral cranium. In contrast, anterior cranial base angulation is minor in IFS and is typically toward the contralateral side. 4,13 Consequently, facial and nasal asymmetries are quite mild. When present, nasal root deviation in IFS is to the contralateral side as opposed to the eral side in UCS. In spite of these clinical differences, all of our patients were initially misdiagnosed: 2 with UCS and 1 with DP. Given the rarity of IFS and the fact that it shares features of both UCS and DP, this is not surprising. Of the 19 repoed cases of IFS in the literature, at least 3 cases (including one in the present series) have been incorrectly diagnosed as DP and 2 have been inadveently treated with molding helmets. The one patient from this series who was misdiagnosed with DP underwent CT at an early age after the frontal flattening failed to improve. Unfounately, the CT scan appeared to confirm the absence of craniosynostosis. In retrospect, there were several findings on the initial CT that were suspicious for IFS. First, the sagittal position of the bandeau was clinically and radiographically posterior to the anterior cornea (that is, a negative superior orbital rim anterior cornea relationship). This does not occur in DP. Second, there was mild anterior cranial base deflection on CT. Lastly, ahough the suture appears open on the 3D reconstructions, careful review of the axial images revealed that the frontosphenoidal suture appeared very narrow and nearly obliterated over most of its course. Given our experience, any child with severe frontal flattening that does not improve with observation and/or helmet therapy should undergo high resolution CT (1 mm orbital and superior orbital cuts) to rule out IFS. While our follow-up is limited, all 3 patients in our series demonstrated a stable fronto-orbital contour. Longer follow-up of these patients is required to fuher assess the effectiveness of our repair over time. Conclusions Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis is a rare and often misdiagnosed cause of frontal plagiocephaly. Careful clinical consideration can help to distinguish this entity from other forms of frontal asymmetry, and CT scanning is recommended to confirm the diagnosis. Disclosure The authors repo no conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this paper. Author contributions to the study and manuscript preparation include the following. Conception and design: Rogers. Acquisition of data: all authors. Analysis and interpretation of data: Sauerhammer, Rogers. Drafting the aicle: Sauerhammer, Rogers. Critically revising the aicle: all authors. Reviewed submitted version of manuscript: all authors. Approved the final version of the manuscript on behalf of all authors: Sauerhammer. Statistical analysis: Sauerhammer. Administrative/technical/material suppo: Rogers. Study supervision: Rogers. References 1. Beelsen TI: The premature synostosis of the cranial sutures. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl 36 (Suppl 51):1 176, Burdi AR, Kusnetz AB, Venes JL, Gebarski SS: The natural history and pathogenesis of the cranial coronal ring aiculations: implications in understanding the pathogenesis of the Crouzon craniostenotic defects. Cleft Palate J 23:28 39, Currarino G: Premature closure of the frontozygomatic suture: unusual frontoorbital dysplasia mimicking unilateral coronal synostosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 6: , de Ribaupierre S, Czorny A, Pittet B, Jacques B, Rilliet B: Frontosphenoidal synostosis: a rare cause of unilateral anterior plagiocephaly. Childs Nerv Syst 23: , Dundulis JA, Becker DB, Govier DP, Marsh JL, Kane AA: Cor- 557
6 T. M. Sauerhammer et al. onal ring involvement in patients treated for unilateral coronal craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 114: , Francel PC, Park TS, Marsh JL, Kaufman BA: Frontal plagiocephaly secondary to synostosis of the frontosphenoidal suture. Case repo. J Neurosurg 83: , Marucci DD, Jones BM, Dunaway DJ, Hayward RD: Unilateral isolated frontosphenoidal craniosynostosis causing frontal plagiocephaly. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 62:e255 e258, Mathijssen IM, van der Meulen JJ, van Adrichem LN, Vaandrager JM, van der Hulst RR, Lequin MH, et al: The frontosphenoidal suture: fetal development and phenotype of its synostosis. Pediatr Radiol 38: , Mulliken JB, Godwin SL, Pracharktam N, Aobelli DE: The concept of the sagittal orbital-globe relationship in craniofacial surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 97: , Pai L, Kohout MP, Mulliken JB: Prospective anthropometric analysis of sagittal orbital-globe relationship following fronto-orbital advancement in childhood. Plast Reconstr Surg 103: , Plooij JM, Verhamme Y, Bergé SJ, van Linde EJ, Borstlap- Engels VMF, Borstlap WA: Unilateral craniosynostosis of the frontosphenoidal suture: a case repo and a review of literature. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 37: , Rogers GF, Mulliken JB: Involvement of the basilar coronal ring in unilateral coronal synostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 115: , Rogers GF, Proctor MR, Mulliken JB: Unilateral fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture: a rare cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Plast Reconstr Surg 110: , Sakamoto Y, Nakajima H, Tamada I, Miyamoto J, Kishi K: Involvement of the sphenosquamosal suture for unilateral coronal synostosis. J Craniofac Surg 23: , Seeger JF, Gabrielsen TO: Premature closure of the frontosphenoidal suture in synostosis of the coronal suture. Radiology 101: , Shillito J Jr, Matson DD: Craniosynostosis: a review of 519 surgical patients. Pediatrics 41: , Smat JM Jr, Singh DJ, Reid RR, Hellinger JC, Hsu VM, Balett SP: Squamosal suture synostosis: a cause of atypical skull asymmetry. Plast Reconstr Surg 130: , 2012 Manuscript submitted February 25, Accepted January 21, Please include this information when citing this paper: published online March 7, 2014; DOI: / PEDS1378. Address correspondence to: Tina M. Sauerhammer, M.D., Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave., NW, West Wing, 4th Floor, Ste. 100, Washington, DC tsauerha@cnmc.org. 558
Occipital flattening in the infant skull
Occipital flattening in the infant skull Kant Y. Lin, M.D., Richard S. Polin, M.D., Thomas Gampper, M.D., and John A. Jane, M.D., Ph.D. Departments of Plastic Surgery and Neurological Surgery, University
More informationCraniosynostosis. Diagnosis and Treatment
Craniosynostosis Diagnosis and Treatment 2015 For more information about the Weill Cornell Craniofacial Program ABOUT The Weill Cornell Craniofacial Program takes a multidisciplinary approach to treating
More informationDepartment of Neurosurgery. Differentiating Craniosynostosis from Positional Plagiocephaly
Department of Neurosurgery Differentiating Craniosynostosis from Positional Plagiocephaly The number of infants with head shape deformities has risen over the past several years, likely due to increased
More informationCraniosynostosis and Plagiocephaly
Craniosynostosis and Plagiocephaly Andrew Jea MD MHA FAAP Professor and Chief Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery Riley Hospital for Children Department of Neurosurgery Indiana University School of Medicine
More informationInteresting Case Series. The Danger of Posterior Plagiocephaly
Interesting Case Series The Danger of Posterior Plagiocephaly Susan Orra, BA, a,b Kashyap Komarraju Tadisina, BS, a Bahar Bassiri Gharb, MD, PhD, a Antonio Rampazzo, MD, PhD, a Gaby Doumit, MD, a and Francis
More informationCranial Base Changes Following. Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis. JEFFREY L. MARSH, M.D. MicHaAeL W. VaAnniEer, M.D.
Cranial Base Changes Following Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis JEFFREY L. MARSH, M.D. MicHaAeL W. VaAnniEer, M.D. Three-dimensional osseous surface images from CT scans have been used to study the
More informationEmerging Surgical Technologies: Open vs. Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Repair
Emerging Surgical Technologies: Open vs. Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Repair Petra M. Meier, MD, DEAA Senior Associate of the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children
More informationNumerous techniques have been developed to treat
clinical article J Neurosurg Pediatr 18:674 678, 2016 Endoscope-assisted management of sagittal synostosis: wide vertex suturectomy and barrel stave osteotomies versus narrow vertex suturectomy Brian J.
More informationT HERE is an unusual and interesting variety of craniosynostosis in
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE CORONAL AND METOPIC SUTURES TECHNICAL NOTE DONALD D. MATSON, M.D. Neurosurgical Service, The Children's Medical Center, and Deparlment of Surgery, Itarvard
More informationCoding For Craniosynostosis. Peggy Feeley RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, COC AHIMA Approved ICD-10-CM/PCS Trainer
Coding For Craniosynostosis Peggy Feeley RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, COC AHIMA Approved ICD-10-CM/PCS Trainer Cranial sagittal Synostosis Cranium job is to protect the brain The top portion of the skull, which protects
More informationCraniosynostosis. chapter. Jeffrey Weinzweig, MD / Stephen B. Baker, MD, DDS / Mitchel Seruya, MD AQ1
chapter 16 AQ1 Craniosynostosis Jeffrey Weinzweig, MD / Stephen B. Baker, MD, DDS / Mitchel Seruya, MD AQ2 PATIENT EVALUATION AND SELECTION Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature closure of a cranial
More informationResearch Article Human Anatomy Case Report Bathrocephaly: a case report of a head shape associated with a persistent mendosal suture
IJAE Vol. 119, n. 3: 263-267, 2014 ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY Research Article Human Anatomy Case Report Bathrocephaly: a case report of a head shape associated with a persistent mendosal
More informationDetermination of the Chronological Age of Skull Base Suture Closure Using Computed Tomography
Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 2012, 8, 247-252 247 Determination of the Chronological Age of Skull Base Suture Closure Using Computed Tomography Sattam S. Lingawi* Associate Professor of Radiology,
More informationPrevention Diagnosis
Prevention and Management of Positional Skull Deformities in Infants John Persing, MD, Hector James, MD, Jack Swanson, MD, John Kattwinkel, MD, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine, Section on
More informationQuantitative Determination of
The Application of 3D Images for Quantitative Determination of Zygoma in an Asian Population Shih-Hsuan Mao, Yu-Hsuan Hsieh, Chih-Hao Chen, Chien-Tzung Chen Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery,
More informationEffective Treatment of Craniosynostosis and Deformational Plagiocephaly Improves with Early Diagnosis:
Effective Treatment of Craniosynostosis and Deformational Plagiocephaly Improves with Early Diagnosis: Watchful Waiting May Not Be the Best Option for Evaluating Abnormal Head Shape in Infants April, 2016
More informationChildren with Metopic Ridge
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.16886-15.2 Received: 28.12.2015 / Accepted: 04.03.2016 Published Online: 25.04.2016 Original Investigation Children with Metopic Ridge Tufan HICDONMEZ Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Education
More informationOccipital plagiocephaly
ritish Journal of Plastic Surgery (2000), 53, 367 377 9 2000 The ritish ssociation of Plastic Surgeons doi:10.1054/bjps.2000.3329 RITISH JOURNL OF [ ~ ] PLSTIC SURGERY Occipital plagiocephaly D. J. David
More informationCASE REPORT Pan-Suture Synostosis After Posterior Vault Distraction
CASE REPORT Pan-Suture Synostosis After Posterior Vault Distraction Katrina F. Chu, BA, a Stephen R. Sullivan, MD, MPH, a,b and Helena O. Taylor, MD, PhD a,b a Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University;
More informationMEDICAL POLICY MEDICAL POLICY DETAILS POLICY STATEMENT POLICY GUIDELINES. Page: 1 of 5. Medical Policy Title CRANIAL ORTHOTICS Policy Number 1.01.
Page: 1 of 5 MEDICAL POLICY MEDICAL POLICY DETAILS Medical Policy Title CRANIAL ORTHOTICS Policy Number 1.01.32 Category Equipment/Supplies Effective Date 10/18/01 Revised Date 06/27/02, 07/24/03, 06/24/04,
More informationAdvaneement-onlay: an improved technique of fronto-orbital remodeling in craniosynostosis *
Advances & operative techniques mcns 9 Springer-Verlag 1991 Child's Nerv Syst (1991) 7:264-271 Advaneement-onlay: an improved technique of fronto-orbital remodeling in craniosynostosis * Steven R. Cohen
More informationPolicy #: 008 Latest Review Date: May 2007 Category: Durable Medical Equipment
Name of Policy: Dynamic Orthotic Cranioplasty (DOC) Policy #: 008 Latest Review Date: May 2007 Category: Durable Medical Equipment Policy Grade: D Background: As a general rule, benefits are payable under
More information4.1 Classification of Craniosynostosis: Therapeutical implications.
ISPN course 23 rd Nov, 2015 Cranial & Craniofacial disorders 4.1 Classification of Craniosynostosis: Therapeutical implications. Kazuaki Shimoji, Masakazu Miyajima and Hajime Arai Department of Neurosurgery,
More information4.3 Surgical Management of anterior skull synostosis
ISPN course 23 rd Nov, 2015 Cranial & Craniofacial disorders 4.3 Surgical Management of anterior skull synostosis Kazuaki Shimoji, Masakazu Miyajima and Hajime Arai Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo
More informationEvaluation of Staggered Osteotomy in Surgical Treatment of Trigonocephaly
Evaluation of Staggered Osteotomy... Hassanpour et al. 28 Original 28 Evaluation of Staggered Osteotomy in Surgical Treatment of Trigonocephaly Seyed Esmail Hassanpour¹ Mohammad Reza Hadi Sichani 2 Mohammadreza
More informationOsseous Anatomy of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis. JEFFREY L. MARSH, M.D. MoHKKTAR H. GaDpo, M.D. MICHAEL W. VaANNIER, M.D. W. GRANT STEVENS, M.D.
Osseous Anatomy of Unilateral Coronal Synostosis JEFFREY L. MARSH, M.D. MoHKKTAR H. GaDpo, M.D. MICHAEL W. VaANNIER, M.D. W. GRANT STEVENS, M.D. High resolution, thin slice computerized tomography (CT)
More informationCore Curriculum Syllabus Emergencies in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery FACIAL FRACTURES
Core Curriculum Syllabus Emergencies in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery A. General Considerations FACIAL FRACTURES Look for other fractures like skull and/or cervical spine fractures Test function
More informationNonsurgical, nonorthotic treatment of occipital plagiocephaly: what is the natural history of the misshapen neonatal head?
Nonsurgical, nonorthotic treatment of occipital plagiocephaly: what is the natural history of the misshapen neonatal head? S. David Moss, M.D. Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona Plagiocephaly
More informationa guide to understanding craniosynostosis a publication of children s craniofacial association
a guide to understanding craniosynostosis a publication of children s craniofacial association 1 a guide to understanding craniosynostosis this parent s guide to craniosynostosis is designed to answer
More informationLength of synostosis and segmented intracranial volume correlate with age in patients with non-syndromic sagittal synostosis
https://helda.helsinki.fi Length of synostosis and segmented intracranial volume correlate with age in patients with non-syndromic sagittal synostosis Heliövaara, Arja 2018-03 Heliövaara, A, Leikola, J,
More informationSagittal craniosynostosis is the most common of the. Combined metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis: is it worse than sagittal synostosis alone?
Neurosurg Focus 31 (2):E2, 2011 Combined metopic and sagittal craniosynostosis: is it worse than sagittal synostosis alone? Jordan S. Terner, B.A., 1 Roberto Travieso, B.A., 1 Su-shin Lee, M.D., 2 Antonio
More informationAXIAL SKELETON SKULL
AXIAL SKELETON SKULL CRANIAL BONES (8 total flat bones w/ 2 paired) 1. Frontal forms forehead & upper portion of eyesocket (orbital) 2. Parietal paired bones; form superior & lateral walls of cranium 3.
More informationCraniosynostosis - making the head fit the hat
Craniosynostosis - making the head fit the hat Poster No.: R-0173 Congress: 2014 CSM Type: Scientific Exhibit Authors: S. Constantine, B. Clark; NORTH ADELAIDE/AU Keywords: Head and neck, Bones, Pediatric,
More informationManagement Strategies for Communited Fractures of Frontal Skull Base: An Institutional Experience
80 Original Article THIEME Management Strategies for Communited Fractures of Frontal Skull Base: An Institutional Experience V. Velho 1 Hrushikesh U. Kharosekar 1 Jasmeet S. Thukral 1 Shonali Valsangkar
More informationHigh-frequency ultrasound confirmation of positional plagiocephaly
J Neurosurg (5 Suppl Pediatrics) 105:413 417, 2006 High-frequency ultrasound confirmation of positional plagiocephaly JAN REGELSBERGER, M.D., GÜNTER DELLING, M.D., MICHAEL TSOKOS, M.D., KNUTH HELMKE, M.D.,
More informationReassessment of Sphenoid Dysplasia Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:644 648, April 2002 Reassessment of Sphenoid Dysplasia Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Claude Jacquemin, Thomas M. Bosley, Don Liu, Helena Svedberg, and Amal Buhaliqa
More informationMaxillofacial Injuries Practical Tips
Saturday, October 29, 2016 Maxillofacial Injuries Practical Tips Suyash Mohan MD, PDCC THE ROOTS OF PENN RADIOLOGY RADIOLOGICAL Assistant Professor of Radiology Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery Neuroradiology
More informationDOI: /01.PRS
CME Management of Craniosynostosis Jayesh Panchal, M.D., M.B.A., and Venus Uttchin, B.A. Oklahoma City, Okla. Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Review
More informationBy JOHN MARQUIS CONVERSE, M.D., and DAUBERT TELSEY, D.D.S.
THE TRIPARTITE OSTEOTOMY OF THE MID-FACE FOR ORBITAL EXPANSION AND CORRECTION OF THE DEFORMITY IN CRANIOSTENOSIS By JOHN MARQUIS CONVERSE, M.D., and DAUBERT TELSEY, D.D.S. Center for Craniofacial Anomalies
More informationWhat is Craniosynostosis?
What is Craniosynostosis? Craniosynostosis is defined as the premature closure of the cranial sutures (what some people refer to as soft spots). This results in restricted and abnormal growth of the head.
More informationAdjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses Corporate Medical Policy
Adjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses Corporate Medical Policy File name: Adjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses File code:
More informationImaging Orbit/Periorbital Injury
Imaging Orbit/Periorbital Injury 9 th Nordic Trauma Radiology Course 2016 Stuart E. Mirvis, M.D., FACR Department of Radiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Fireworks Topics to Cover Struts
More informationAdjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses Corporate Medical Policy
Adjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses Corporate Medical Policy File name: Adjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses File code:
More informationEarly neurosurgical repair in eraniofacial dysmorphism
J Neurosurg 51:796-803, 1979 Early neurosurgical repair in eraniofacial dysmorphism HAROLD J. HOrrMAN, M.D., F.R.C.S.(C)., AND E. BRUCE HENDRICK, M.D., F.R.C.S.(C). Division of Neurosurgery, University
More informationChapter 7: Head & Neck
Chapter 7: Head & Neck Osteology I. Overview A. Skull The cranium is composed of irregularly shaped bones that are fused together at unique joints called sutures The skull provides durable protection from
More informationOPERATIVE CORRECTION BY OSTEOTOMY OF RECESSED MALAR MAXILLARY COMPOUND IN A CASE OF OXYCEPHALY
OPERATIVE CORRECTION BY OSTEOTOMY OF RECESSED MALAR MAXILLARY COMPOUND IN A CASE OF OXYCEPHALY By Sir HAROLD GILLIES, C.B.E., F.R.C.S., and STEWART H. HARRISON, F.R.C.S., L.D.S., R.C.S. From the Plastic
More informationRadiological anatomy of frontal sinus By drtbalu
2009 Radiological anatomy of frontal sinus By drtbalu Anatomy of frontal sinus is highly variable. Precise understanding of these variables will help a surgeon to avoid unnecessary complications during
More informationAuthors: Shitel Patel, Rami R Hallac, Pang-yun Chou, Min-Jeong Cho, Neil Stewart, Ana Nava, James Seaward, Alex Kane, Christopher Derderian
Authors: Shitel Patel, Rami R Hallac, Pang-yun Chou, Min-Jeong Cho, Neil Stewart, Ana Nava, James Seaward, Alex Kane, Christopher Derderian Title: Location and Time of Maximal Head Shape Change in Strip
More informationDeformational Plagiocephaly
Deformational Plagiocephaly A GUIDE TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT Introduction In 1992, the American Academy of Pediatrics began to recommend supine sleeping for infants to reduce the incidence of Sudden
More informationPolicy Specific Section: June 9, 1999 October 7, 2011
Medical Policy Cranial Remodeling Orthosis Type: Medical Necessity/Not Medical Necessity Policy Specific Section: Durable Medical Equipment Original Policy Date: Effective Date: June 9, 1999 October 7,
More informationCT in the Evaluation of the Orbit and the Bony Interorbital Distance
265 CT in the Evaluation of the Orbit and the Bony Interorbital Distance Mahmood F. Mafee' Samuel Pruzansky 2 Manuel M. Corrales' Mohan G. Phatak' Galdino E. Valvassori' Glen D Dobben' Vlastimil Capek'
More informationReduction of Closed Frontal Sinus Fractures through Suprabrow Approach
Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Arch Craniofac Surg Vol.18 No.4, 230-237 https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2017.18.4.230 Reduction of Closed Frontal Sinus Fractures through Suprabrow Approach Original Article
More informationA New Classification of Zygomatic Fracture Featuring Zygomaticofrontal Suture: Injury Mechanism and a Guide to Treatment
IBIMA Publishing Plastic Surgery: An International Journal http://www.ibimapublishing.com/journals/psij/psij.html Vol. 2013 (2013), Article ID 383486, 6 pages DOI: 10.5171/2013.383486 Research Article
More informationcally, a distinct superior crease of the forehead marks this spot. The hairline and
4 Forehead The anatomical boundaries of the forehead unit are the natural hairline (in patients without alopecia), the zygomatic arch, the lower border of the eyebrows, and the nasal root (Fig. 4.1). The
More informationAn important indication for imaging the anterior skull base
ORIGINAL RESEARCH D.C. Hughes M.J. Kaduthodil D.J.A. Connolly P.D. Griffiths Dimensions and Ossification of the Normal Anterior Cranial Fossa in Children BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Interpretation of CT of
More informationOriginal Research THE USE OF REFORMATTED CONE BEAM CT IMAGES IN ASSESSING MID-FACE TRAUMA, WITH A FOCUS ON THE ORBITAL FLOOR FRACTURES
DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-601 Original Research THE USE OF REFORMATTED CONE BEAM CT IMAGES IN ASSESSING MID-FACE TRAUMA, WITH A FOCUS ON THE ORBITAL FLOOR FRACTURES RALUCA ROMAN 1, MIHAELA HEDEȘIU 1, FLOAREA
More informationInternational Journal of Current Research and Academic Review ISSN: Volume 3 Number 1 (January-2015) pp
International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review ISSN: 47 Volume Number (January) pp. 66 www.ijcrar.com Clinical Profile of Patients with Craniosynostosis: A Descriptive Study Nagaraj V. Gadwal*
More informationSensitivity of a Method for the Analysis of Facial Mobility. II. Interlandmark Separation
Sensitivity of a Method for the Analysis of Facial Mobility. II. Interlandmark Separation CARROLL-ANN TROTMAN, B.D.S., M.A., M.S. JULIAN J. FARAWAY, PH.D. Objective: This study demonstrates a method of
More informationLATERAL CEPHALOMETRIC EVALUATION IN CLEFT PALATE PATIENTS
POLSKI PRZEGLĄD CHIRURGICZNY 2009, 81, 1, 23 27 10.2478/v10035-009-0004-2 LATERAL CEPHALOMETRIC EVALUATION IN CLEFT PALATE PATIENTS PRADEEP JAIN, ANAND AGARWAL, ARVIND SRIVASTAVA Department of Plastic
More informationSLLF FOR TMJ CASES IN ADULT DENTITION SEVERE BRACHIFA BRACHIF FACIAL
SLLF FOR TMJ CASES IN ADULT DENTITION SEVERE BRACHIFAFACIAL TMJ: Severe Postural Imbalance+Severe Myofascial Pain Syndrome, severe soreness Temporalis Tendon RL, Sternocleidomastoideus RL Age:39 years
More informationMotion of bones and volume changes in the neurocranium after craniectomy in Crouzon's disease
J Neurosurg 50:494-498, 1979 Motion of bones and volume changes in the neurocranium after craniectomy in Crouzon's disease A roentgen stereometrie study BODIL RUNE, D.D.S., GORAN SELVIK, M.D., SVEN KREmORG,
More informationWhat is Hemifacial Microsomia? By Pravin K. Patel, MD and Bruce S. Bauer, MD Children s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL
What is Hemifacial Microsomia? By Pravin K. Patel, MD and Bruce S. Bauer, MD Children s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 773-880-4094 Early in the child s embryonic development the structures destined to
More informationDiagnosis of Midface Fractures with CT: What the Surgeon Needs to Know 1
Note: This copy is for your personal non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies for distribution to your colleagues or clients, contact us at www.rsna.org/rsnarights. EDUCATION EXHIBIT
More informationPrenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip
Commentary Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip What the Sonologist Needs to Tell the Surgeon John. Mulliken, MD, eryl R. enacerraf, MD Division of Plastic Surgery, Children s Hospital (J..M.) Department of
More informationAnatomy and Physiology. Bones, Sutures, Teeth, Processes and Foramina of the Human Skull
Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 6 DRO Bones, Sutures, Teeth, Processes and Foramina of the Human Skull Name: Period: Bones of the Human Skull Bones of the Cranium: Frontal bone: forms the forehead and the
More informationChapter 7 Part A The Skeleton
Chapter 7 Part A The Skeleton Why This Matters Understanding the anatomy of the skeleton enables you to anticipate problems such as pelvic dimensions that may affect labor and delivery The Skeleton The
More informationSkeletal system. Prof. Abdulameer Al-Nuaimi. E. mail:
Skeletal system Prof. Abdulameer Al-Nuaimi E-mail: a.al-nuaimi@sheffield.ac.uk E. mail: abdulameerh@yahoo.com Functions of Bone and The Skeletal System Support: The skeleton serves as the structural framework
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE. A Novel Technique for Malar Eminence Evaluation Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography
ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Novel Technique for Malar Eminence Evaluation Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Sami P. Moubayed, MD; Frederick Duong, MD; Christian Ahmarani, MD, FRCSC; Akram Rahal, MD, FRCSC
More informationUCL Repair: Emphasis on Muscle Dissection and Reconstruction
UCL Repair: Emphasis on Muscle Dissection and Reconstruction Unilateral cleft lip repair is performed using rotation-advancement technique. Markings are made on columella base, redlines, Cupid s bow on
More informationZYGOMATIC (MALAR) FRACTURES
b854_chapter-12.qxd 1/31/2011 9:40 AM Page 129 ZYGOMATIC (MALAR) FRACTURES CHAPTER 12 Anatomical articulations FZ Fronto-zygomatic ZT Zygomaticotemporal ZMB Zygomatico - maxillary buttress IO Infraorbital
More informationCongenital dermoid cysts (CDCs) develop from. Considerations in the management of congenital cranial dermoid cysts
CLINICAL ARTICLE J Neurosurg Pediatr 20:30 34, 2017 Considerations in the management of congenital cranial dermoid cysts Syed Khalid, BS, 1,2 and John Ruge, MD 1 1 Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Advocate
More informationFibular Bone Graft for Nasal Septal Reconstruction: A Case Report
220 Nasal septal reconstruction Case Report Fibular Bone Graft for Nasal Septal Reconstruction: A Case Report Yakup Cil1* Diyarbakır Military Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery 21000 Diyarbakır, Turkey
More informationOur Experience with Endoscopic Brow Lifts
Aesth. Plast. Surg. 24:90 96, 2000 DOI: 10.1007/s002660010017 2000 Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Our Experience with Endoscopic Brow Lifts Ozan Sozer, M.D., and Thomas M. Biggs, M.D. İstanbul, Turkey and
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I Laboratory Version B Name Section. REVIEW SHEET Exercise 10 Axial Skeleton
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I Laboratory Version B Name Section REVIEW SHEET Exercise 10 Axial Skeleton 1 POINT EACH. THE SKULL MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The major components of the axial skeleton include the 7. The
More informationCraniosynostosis & Craniofacial Surgery A Parent s Guide
Craniosynostosis & Craniofacial Surgery A Parent s Guide Steven R. Buchman, MD Karin M. Muraszko, MD Carolyn Walborn, RN, MS, CPNP Laura Zang, MS, RN University of Michigan Medical Center C.S. Mott Children
More informationPre- and Postsurgical Facial Growth in Patients. with Crouzon's and Apert's Syndromes
Pre- and Postsurgical Facial Growth in Patients with Crouzon's and Apert's Syndromes Sven KrRreiBora, D.D.S., Dr. Obpont. HowArRDp Apuss, D.D.S., M.S. Our report deals with 8 patients with Crouzon's and
More informationSkeletal System -Axial System. Chapter 7 Part A
Skeletal System -Axial System Chapter 7 Part A Skeleton Learn: Names of the s. Identify specific landmarks that allow: Bones to fit into each other, Organs to fit into the cavities, Muscles to attach,
More informationMAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA. The on-call maxillofacial surgeons can be contacted through the switchboard at the Southern General Hospital
MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA The on-call maxillofacial surgeons can be contacted through the switchboard at the Southern General Hospital Mandibular Injuries Mechanism of injury Assault, falls, RTA-Direct trauma
More informationCase Report. Orthognathic Correction of Class II Open Bite. Using the Piezoelectric System and MatrixORTHOGNATHIC Plating System.
Case Report Orthognathic Correction of Class II Open Bite. Using the Piezoelectric System and MatrixORTHOGNATHIC Plating System. Orthognathic Correction of Class II Open Bite. Using the Piezoelectric System
More informationCT of Maxillofacial Fracture Patterns. CT of Maxillofacial Fracture Patterns
CT of Maxillofacial Fracture Patterns CT of Maxillofacial Fracture Patterns Stuart E. Mirvis, M.D., FACR Department of Radiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Viking 1 1976 MGS 2001 Technology
More informationMP Adjustable Cranial Orthoses for Positional Plagiocephaly and Craniosynostoses. Related Policies None
Medical Policy BCBSA Ref. Policy: 1.01.11 Last Review: 03/29/2018 Effective Date: 03/29/2018 Section: Durable Medical Equipment Related Policies None DISCLAIMER Our medical policies are designed for informational
More informationThe Skull DANIL HAMMOUDI.MD
The Skull DANIL HAMMOUDI.MD summary of bones/structures in Chapter 15 of the manual need tp be print as soon as possible http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/humananatomy/skeletal/skul l/frontal/frontal.html
More informationInternational Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
ISSN: 2395-6429 International Journal of Current Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Available Online at http://www.journalcmpr.com DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/23956429.ijcmpr20170169 RESEARCH ARTICLE
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE. Facial Fracture Classification According to Skeletal Support Mechanisms
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Facial Fracture Classification According to Skeletal Support Mechanisms Terry L. Donat, MD; Carmen Endress, MD; Robert H. Mathog, MD Objective: To construct, propose, and evaluate the
More informationRelationship of the Optic Nerve to the Posterior Paranasal Sinuses: A CT Anatomic Study
Relationship of the Optic Nerve to the Posterior Paranasal Sinuses: A CT Anatomic Study Mark C. DeLano, F. Y. Fun, and S. James Zinreich PURPOSE: To delineate the relationship between the optic nerves
More informationCorrection of Secondary Deformities of the Cleft Lip Nose
CME Correction of Secondary Deformities of the Cleft Lip Nose Samuel Stal, M.D., and Larry Hollier, M.D. Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the practitioner should be able to: 1. Describe
More informationBones of the skull & face
Bones of the skull & face Cranium= brain case or helmet Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. The cranium is composed of eight bones : frontal Occipital
More informationofunusual and Occult Clefts of the Palate JOHN MARQUIS CONVERSE, MD. SIDNEY L. HOROWITZ, D.D.S. MELVIN H. BECKER M.D, New York New York-4:11
TheUse oftomographyin: the Diagnosis ofunusual and Occult Clefts of the Palate JOHN MARQUIS CONVERSE, MD. SIDNEY L. HOROWITZ, D.D.S. MELVIN H. BECKER M.D, New York New York-4:11 The ma or1ty of patients
More informationCT of Maxillofacial Injuries
CT of Maxillofacial Injuries Stuart E. Mirvis, M.D., FACR Department of Radiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Viking 1 1976 MGS 2001 Technology changes the diagnosis Technologic Evolution
More informationOrbit Deformities in Craniofacial Neurofibromatosis Type 1
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 24:1678 1682, September 2003 Orbit Deformities in Craniofacial Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Claude Jacquemin, Thomas M. Bosley, and Helena Svedberg BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The possible
More informationProfessor, Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,
Dr. Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, DDS, MS Professor, Department of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Professor, Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, Chang
More informationThe America Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons classify occlusion/malocclusion in to the following three categories:
Subject: Orthognathic Surgery Policy Effective Date: 04/2016 Revision Date: 07/2018 DESCRIPTION Orthognathic surgery is an open surgical procedure that corrects anomalies or malformations of the lower
More informationHuman, Female, Black, Shotgun wound
Human, Female, Black, Shotgun wound Product Number: Specimen Evaluated: Skeletal Inventory: BC-196 Bone Clones replica 1 intact cranium 2 fragments of mandible: - portion of left body, ramus, coronoid
More informationAlthough there are numerous premodern descriptions. Harvey Cushing s experience with cranial deformity
Neurosurg Focus 29 (6):E6, 2010 Harvey Cushing s experience with cranial deformity Cormac O. Maher, M.D., 1 Steven R. Buchman, M.D., 2 Edward O Hara, M.D., 3 and Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol, M.D., M.Sc. 3 1 Department
More information... . ' I I I I I. '. I HISTORY. March 13, Date of Visit: February 24, Dear Dr.
1.2.6 March 13, 2016 Date of Visit: February 24, 2016 Dear Dr. We recently had the opportunity to see - when he returned for follow-up consultation accompanied by his mother,_ and his sister. Concerns
More informationDe f o r m at i o n a l or positional plagiocephaly is the
J Neurosurg Pediatrics 5:000 000, 5:368 374, 2010 Comparison of perceptions and treatment practices between neurosurgeons and plastic surgeons for infants with deformational plagiocephaly Clinical article
More informationMultidisciplinary care of craniosynostosis
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare open access to scientific and medical research Open Access Full Text Article Multidisciplinary care of craniosynostosis Review edward P Buchanan 1 Yunfeng Xue 1
More informationProboscis lateralis: report of two cases
The British Association of Plastic Surgeons (2003) 56, 704 708 CASE REPORT Proboscis lateralis: report of two cases Lütfi Eroğlu a, *, Osman Ata Uysal b a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Plastic and
More informationEndoscopic Management Of A Giant Ethmoid Mucocele
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Volume 6 Number 1 S Ceylan, F Bora Citation S Ceylan, F Bora.. The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2006 Volume 6 Number 1. Abstract We present
More information