Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and the Autonomic Nervous System
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1 igpmlre21pg211_216 5/12/04 2:24 PM Pge 211 impos03 302:jigpmL:igpmLrevsts:lyouts: NAME Spinl Cor, Spinl Nerves, n te Autonomic Nervous System LAB TIME/DATE REVIEW SHEET exercise 21 Antomy of te Spinl Cor 1. Mtc te escriptions given elow to te proper ntomicl term: Key:. cu equin. conus meullris c. filum terminle. formen mgnum c 1. most superior ounry of te spinl cor 2. meningel extension eyon te spinl cor terminus 3. spinl cor terminus 4. collection of spinl s trveling in te verterl cnl elow te terminus of te spinl cor 2. Mtc te key letters on te igrm wit te following terms. m k g 1. nterior (ventrl) orn n 6. orsl root of spinl c 11. posterior (orsl) orn 2. rcnoi mter j 7. ur mter f 12. spinl 3. centrl cnl o 8. gry commissure i 13. ventrl rmus of spinl 4. orsl rmus of spinl 9. lterl orn e 14. ventrl root of spinl 5. orsl root gnglion l 10. pi mter 15. wite mtter n o c m l e f k g j i Review Seet
2 igpmlre21pg211_216 5/12/04 2:24 PM Pge 212 impos03 302:jigpmL:igpmLrevsts:lyouts: 3. Coose te proper nswer from te following key to respon to te escriptions relting to spinl cor ntomy. Key:. fferent. efferent c. ot fferent n efferent. ssocition 1. neuron type foun in posterior orn 4. fier type in ventrl root 2. neuron type foun in nterior orn 5. fier type in orsl root 3. neuron type in orsl root gnglion c 6. fier type in spinl 4. Were in te verterl column is lumr puncture generlly one? Between te tir n fourt lumr vertere. Wy is tis te site of coice? Te spinl cor ens t te level of L 2 ; tus tere is little cnce of mging it elow tt level. 5. Te spinl cor is enlrge in two regions, te cervicl n te lumr regions. Wt is te significnce of tese enlrgements? Nerves serving te lims issue from tese regions of te spinl cor. 6. How oes te position of te gry n wite mtter iffer in te spinl cor n te cererl emisperes? In te spinl cor, te wite mtter surrouns te gry mtter. In te cererl emispere, tere is n outer rin of gry mtter n eep to tt is wite mtter wit few scttere islns of gry mtter. 7. From te key to te rigt, coose te nme of te trct tt migt e mge wen te following conitions re oserve. (More tn one coice my pply.) e, f, g 1. uncoorinte movement Key:. fsciculus grcilis. fsciculus cunetus c, 2. lck of voluntry movement c. lterl corticospinl trct. nterior corticospinl trct e, f, g 3. tremors, jerky movements e. tectospinl trct f. rurospinl trct 4. iminise pin perception g. vestiulospinl trct. lterl spinotlmic trct,, i 5. iminise sense of touc i. nterior spinotlmic trct j. posterior spinocereellr trct k. nterior spinocereellr trct 8. Use n pproprite reference to escrie te functionl significnce of n upper motor neuron n lower motor neuron: upper motor neuron Pyrmil cells of te motor cortex n neurons in sucorticl motor nuclei tt give rise to escening motor ptwys. lower motor neuron Anterior orn motor neuron tt stimultes voluntry muscle. Will contrction of muscle occur if te lower motor neurons serving it ve een estroye? No If te upper motor neurons serving it ve een estroye? Yes Using n pproprite reference, ifferentite etween flcci n spstic prlysis n note te possile cuses of ec. Flcci prlysis occurs wen nterior orn neurons re estroye (e.g. spinl 212 Review Seet 21
3 igpmlre21pg211_216 5/12/04 2:24 PM Pge 213 impos03 302:jigpmL:igpmLrevsts:lyouts: cor trnsection in n uto ccient). Te muscle receives no stimultion; tus, it ecomes flcci n tropies. Spstic prlysis occurs s result of upper motor neuron mge (e.g. from rin emorrge). Voluntry motor ctivity is lost, ut reflex movements initite y spinl cor neurons still occur. Te muscle oes not ecome limp (flcci), ut inste ecomes more tense n sows yperctive n uncontrolle movement. Spinl Nerves n Nerve Plexuses 9. In te umn, tere re 31 pirs of spinl s, nme ccoring to te region of te verterl column from wic tey issue. Te spinl s re nme elow. Inicte ow tey re numere. cervicl s lumr s C 1 C 8 scrl s S 1 S 5 L 1 L 5 torcic s T 1 T Te ventrl rmi of spinl s C 1 troug T 1 n T 12 troug S 4 tke prt in forming plexuses, wic serve te lims n nterior trunk of te oy. Te ventrl rmi of T 2 troug T 12 run etween te ris to serve te intercostl muscles. Te orsl rmi of te spinl s serve te posterior oy trunk. 11. Wt woul ppen if te following structures were mge or trnsecte? (Use key coices for responses.) Key:. loss of motor function. loss of sensory function c. loss of ot motor n sensory function 1. orsl root of spinl c 3. nterior rmus of spinl 2. ventrl root of spinl 12. Define plexus: A complex network of joining n iverging s. 13. Nme te mjor s tt serve te following oy res: cervicl prenic scitic common fiulr, tiil, surl, meil n lterl plntr mein ulnr ril, musculocutneous lumr femorl ulnr 1. e, neck, soulers (nme plexus only) 2. iprgm 3. posterior tig 4. leg n foot (nme two) 5. nterior forerm muscles (nme two) 6. rm muscles (nme two) 7. ominl wll (nme plexus only) 8. nterior tig 9. meil sie of te n Review Seet
4 igpmlre21pg211_216 5/12/04 2:24 PM Pge 214 impos03 302:jigpmL:igpmLrevsts:lyouts: Dissection of te Spinl Cor 14. Compre n contrst te meninges of te spinl cor n te rin. Bot te spinl cor n te rin ve tree meninges: pi mter, rcnoi mter, n ur mter. In te rin te ur mter s two lyers periostel n meningel. Te spinl cor s only te meningel lyer. 15. How cn you istinguis etween te nterior n posterior orns? Te nterior orns re wier tn te posterior orns. Te posterior orns exten closer to te ege of te spinl cor. 16. How oes te position of gry n wite mtter iffer from tt in te cererl emisperes of te seep rin? Wite mtter is eep to te gry mtter of te cererl cortex, n superficil to te gry mtter of te spinl cor. Te Autonomic Nervous System 17. For te most prt, symptetic n prsymptetic fiers serve te sme orgns n structures. How cn tey exert ntgonistic effects? (After ll, impulses re impulses ren t tey?) Tey relese ifferent neurotrnsmitters, wic in to ifferent receptors. 18. Nme tree structures tt receive symptetic ut not prsymptetic innervtion. Arenl glns, rrector pili muscles, n swet glns. 19. A pelvic splncnic contins (circle one):. pregnglionic symptetic fiers. c. pregnglionic prsymptetic fiers.. postgnglionic symptetic fiers.. postgnglionic prsymptetic fiers. 20. Te following crt sttes numer of conitions. Use ceck mrk to sow wic ivision of te utonomic nervous system is involve in ec. Symptetic ivision Conition Prsymptetic ivision Secretes norepineprine; renergic fiers Secretes cetylcoline; colinergic fiers Long pregnglionic xon; sort postgnglionic xon Sort pregnglionic xon; long postgnglionic xon Arises from crnil n scrl s Arises from spinl s T 1 troug L 3 Normlly in control Figt or fligt system Hs more specific control (Look it up!) 214 Review Seet 21
5 igpmlre21pg211_216 5/12/04 2:24 PM Pge 215 impos03 302:jigpmL:igpmLrevsts:lyouts: Glvnic Skin Response Using BIOPAC 21. Descrie exctly ow, from pysiologicl stnpoint, GSR cn e correlte wit ctivity of te utonomic nervous system. Te utonomic nervous system controls swet glns of te skin. Increse moisture on te skin ecreses its electricl resistnce, wic cn e recore. 22. Bse on tis rief n unprofessionl exposure to polygrp, explin wy tis migt not e n exct tool for testing te sincerity n onesty of suject. It is not possile to stte wit certinty tt every suject wo lies will ve n solutely preictle utonomic nervous system response. For tis reson, ltoug GSR is useful s n investigtive tool, it is not ccepte s n exct mesurement tool. Review Seet
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