INDEX. Brownian motion, 31. C-fos, 224 C-jun, 224

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1 INDEX AC transmission lines, 121 Act for Labor Safety & Hygiene, 195 ACTH, 163 Action potential, 151 Adenylate cyclase (ATP), 49, 50 Admitance method, 158 analysis of 3-D model of human arm, 158 Alkali cations, 101 Alpha-globin, 223 ALSH, see Act for Labor Safety & Hygiene AMB-1, 172 Analytic solutions, 151 advantages, 151 vs. numerical techniques, 151 ANSI/IEEE C RF Safety Guidelines, 141, 146 Antibody bonding, 85 ATP, see Adenylate cyclase Athermal ELF fields, 48, 231 effects on DNA synthesis, 231 Avoidance behavior, 132 Bacterial mutation assay, 207 case study, 207 Bacterial taxis, 171 Bessel functions, 73, 74, 153 Beniashvili study, 135, 227 Biological rhythms, 133 Biomolecular systems, 48 cooperativity with ELF fields, 48 Blood flow, 164 Bone cell desensitization, 58 Bone growth, 134 and repair, 134 Boundary condition, 153 Brain cortex, 151 Brain neuroendocrine mechanisms, 55 Breast cancer, 23, 85, 93, 96, 229 ; see also Tumors, Melatonin Brownian motion, 31 C-fos, 224 C-jun, 224 C-myc RNA, 87, 90, 223, 224 Calcium, 165, 167 flux, 165 Calcium ion (Ca'), 25, 27, 43, 48, 86, 222, 224 transition probability, 74 and transmembrane signalling, 74 Cancer, 23, 37, 52, 145, 205 Cancer promotion, 53 Carcinogen initiation and promotion, 134, 135 definition, 134 DMBA, 135 TPA, 135 ; see also Tumor promoter agent Carcinogenesis, 85, 134, 221 epigenetic (non-genotoxic), 53 stages, 52 Cardiac arrest, 204 CAT activity, 178 Catalase, 17 Catalytic reactions, 38 Cation flux, 105 assays, 105 effect of time-varying fields, 112 CD-3 antibody, 222 Cell damage, 79 electroporation, 79 heating, 79 Cell membranes, 48 calcium cycling, 94 as electric barriers, 25 as field coupling site, 86 inward signaling, 49, 67 outward signaling, 51 receptro binding, 94 Cell proliferation, 225, 231 and opioids, 230 Cellular phenomena, 25 Central nervous system (CNS), 133 Chemical bonds, 212 disruption of, 212 dissociation energy, 212 Chemical concentration modulation, 42 Chemical reaction modifications,

2 2 40 Chemical reactions, 38 kinetics of, 56 self-oscillating, 42 Chemotaxis, 171 Chick egg study, 134 Childhood leukemia, 23, 205 Chromatin structure, 24 Circadian rhythm. 133 CNS, see Central nervous system Co-promotion, 85, 227 Coil optimization, 152 Coils. 3, 154 circular, 154 double-square (DS), 154 figure-eight, 3 quadruplesquare (QS), 154 square, 154 square vs. circular, 154 Combustion, 10 Concanavalin A (Con-A), 86, 90 Conductivity at gap junctions, 27 Counter-shock phase, 200 Critical state instabilities, 31 Current density, 40 Current paths in biological systems, 71 Cyclotron resonance, 73 Cylindrical volume conductor, 152 Cytochrome C, 17 db/dt, 103, 203 Deby layer, 42 Developing embryos, 15 Diamagnetic materials, 1, 4 Diamagnetic susceptibility, 5, 187 Dielectric properties, 142 and telephone frequencies (Table), 142 Dissociation energy, see Chemical bonds DNA, 24, 90, 198 DNA damage, 211, 213 damaging mechanism, 212 UV light, 212, 213 DNA repair test, 213 sensitivity and limitations, 213 DNA synthesis, 87, 90 Domestic ambient levels, 46 Dose-response relation, 196, 212 Drift current, 40 Drosophila study, 16, 212, 223 ECT, see Electroconvulsive therapy EEG, see Electroencephalography Electric field coupling mechanism, 68 Electrical noise, 26 Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), 165 effect on neurotransmitters, 165 electric sleep, 165 and electronarcosis, 165 for mental illness, 165 for schizophrenia, 165 Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (cont.) side effects of, 165 ; see also Seizures Electroencephalography (EEG), 161 Electromagnetic energy, 161 applications, 161, 162 Electromagnetic fields (EMF) cancer, see Cancer epilepsy, see Epilepsy Multiple Sclerosis, see Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson's disease, see Parkinson's Disease public exposure to, 23 source and disposition, 198 stroke, see Stroke vs. power transmission lines, 217 vs. X-ray CT, 199 Electron Zeeman interaction, 16 ELF, see Extremely low frequency ELF magnetic field coupling, 72 EMF, see Electromagnetic Fields Endogenous ferrimagnetic particles, 79 Endogenous opioids, 167 Enzyme cascade, 49, 51 Enzymes, 49, 212 magnetic field sensitivity, 212 Epidemiological studies, 37, 45 Epilepsy, 162 Erythrocyte, asymmetric distribution, 191 in laminar flow, 188 magnetic properties of, 186 orientation, 188 paramagnetic interactions, 188, 191 sedimentation rate, 191 Erythrocyte rheology, 185 Exposure amount, 200 definition and variables, 200 Extremely low frequency(elf), chemical reactions, 37, 38 reaction rates, 37, 38 direct genotoxic effects, 24 genotoxicity, 221 MM-resolution model, physical mechanisms, 30, 72 physical properties in tissues, 24 Faraday's Law, 71, 73 FDTD, see Finite-difference time-domain Fibrin orientation, 2, 198 Fibrin polymerization, 13 Fibrinolysis, 13 Fibroblasts, 53 Field calculation equations, 152 Field coupling, 86 Field derivative, 151 Figure-eight coil, 3 Finite-difference technique, 154 Finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD), 139, 145 Flux density, 200 Index

3 Index Free radicals, 48 as intermediate products of chemical reactions, lifetime, 56 mechanisms, 56 thermal collisions, 57 Free radical reactions, 77 Fura-2, 89 GAS, see General Adaptation Syndrome Gas flow. 10 Gene activation, 90 Gene expression, 231 Gene mutation, 24 Gene transfer, 172 and transposon mutagenesis, 172 General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), 200 state of alarm reaction, 200 Genes, 199 Genetoxicity, 212 Genomic DNA, 174 Goldman equation, 40 Growth and development, 134 GTP, see Guanosine triphosphate Guanosine triphosphate, 49 Health implications, 132 Helmholtz coils, 122 Helmholtz-Stem layer, 26 Hemoglobin, 10, 186 magnetic susceptibility of, 186 High-density magnetic fields, 202 High-frequency EMF, sources, 198 High spin methemoglobin, 191 Hydraulic flow term, 40 ICR see Ion cyclotron resonance Immune responses, Immune system, 230 and tumor progression, 230 Immunoelectron microscopy localization method, 182 Immunology, 134 In vitro cell culture exposure, 94 Industrial equipment, 58 interaction sites, 25 International Radiation Protection Agency, 205 Ion cyclotron resonance, 30 Ion flux, 68, 89 Ion parametric resonance (IPR), 73, 74 Ionizing radiation, 53 IPR, see Ion parametric resonance IRPA, see International Radiation Protection Agency Iron metabolism, 167 Ischemia, see Stroke Japanese safety guidelines, 205 Johnson-Nyquist noise, 26 K', see Potassium ion Kanamycin resistance, 174 KefC protein, 177 Kinase-C, 27, 29 Kinases, 27, 58, 86 Lab animal studies, 131 Larvae, 212 Leukemia cells, 225, 230 Levitation, 214 Light sensitivity and melatonin, 128 Localized magnetic stimulation, 3 Lorentz force, , 187 MagA gene, 175 fusion protein, 181 Magnetic anisotropy, 200 Magnetic bacteria, 172 and magnetic particle synthesis, 172 Magnetic exposure dose, 196 safety levels, 196 Magnetic field shielding, 213 Magnetic flux density, 103 Magnetic particles, 183 surface protein expression, 183 Magnetic propulsion, 214 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), l, 197 effects, 199, 203 flux-density, 199 reactions and side effects, 199 RF output, 207 safety, 195, 203 Magnetic stimulation advantages and disadvantages of, 151, 162 of the brain, 1 of the cortex, 3 of the nerves, I of excitable tissues, 3 of peripheral nerves, 4 of the spinal cord, 4 localized, 1-4 uses, 151 Magnetic vs. electric field energy, 72, 85 Magnetite, 31, 79 Magnetocardiography (MCG), 2, 161 Magnetoelectromotive force, 200 Magnetoencephalography (MEG), 2, 161 Magnetohydrodynamic action, see Lorentz force Magnetophoresis, 14 Magnetophosphene, 2, 128 Magnetosomes, 79 Magnetotactic bacteria, 172 Maximum possible exposure (MPE), 141 acceptability, 141 Maxwell curl equations, 25, 139 MCF-7, 97 MCG, see Magnetocardiography Melatonin, 55, 93, 96, 97, 121, 126, 133, 228 and breast cancer,

4 2 4 2 Melatonin (cont.) co-promotional carcinogenic effects, 227 circadian cycles, 154, 229 and the immune system, 228 and light sensitivity, 128 nocturnal metabolism, 165, 228, 229 peptide hormones, 228 pineal, production of, 165 Membrane conductivity. 25 Membrane permeability. 212 Membranes, 198 distortion, 199 and radiofrequency fields, 231 Messenger RNA synthesis, 25 Metabolism, 199 Microfluorometry, 108, 115, 118 Micrographia, see Parkinson's Disease Microwaves. 231, 232 Mitogenesis, 93 ; see also Cell proliferation MM-Resolution model figure, 140 Mobile telephones, Monovalent cations. 101 Moses' Effect, 4 MPE. see Maximum permissible exposure MRI, see Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mutagenic free radicals, 212 Mutagenicity, 207 magnetic field density, 208 Drosophila melanogaster test case, 211 Mutagenesis, 134 Multiple sclerosis, 163 NAT, see Pineal serotonin-n-acetyltransferase Neoplastic transformation, 24 Nerve stimulation, I Nervous system, Neurochemistry, 133 Neuroendocrine alterations. 25 Neurohormones and transmitters, 132 Neurophysiology. 133 New York project, 122 NMR, see nuclear magnetic resonance Non-energy agents. 196 Non-ionizing agents, 196 Non-ionizing EMF, 55 tissue detection at athermal levels. 55 Norepinephrine, 133 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), advantages and disadvantages of, 76 and calcium ion. 77 characteristic precision frequencies, 76 resonance line stability, 76 spin-spin relaxation phenomena, 77 Opioids, 230 Oscillating electric fields, 42, 68 Oscillations. 31 di-polar models, 31 non-linear, 31, 70 Oscillatory magnetomechanical forces, 31 Ouabain. 109, sensitivity, 111, 112 P-450 cytochrome enzymes, 56 Pacemakers, 205 Paramagnetic materials. l Parathyroid hormone (PTH), 27 Parkinson's Disease, 58, 163 micrographia, 164 Pauli's exclusion principle, 77 PEMF, see Pulsed electromagnetic fields. Peptide hormones, see Melatonin Phage display, 179 Phospholipid bilayer, 25 Phosphorylation, 28 Phototaxis, 171 Pineal functions disruption of, 229 Pineal gland, Pineal melatonin, see Melatonin Pineal serotonin-n-acetyltransferase (NAT), 121 pkml. 180 pkpl, 180 Plasmin, 14 Postnatal growth, 134 Potassium ion (K'), 101 Propulsion, 214 magnetic flux density, 103, 214 Protein kinase C, 53 Protein synthesis, 87, 90 Pulsed electromagnetic fields, 27 Pulse magnetic fields, 3, 197 definition and use, 197 Quantum beats, 31 RF, see Radio-frequency fields Radical-pair, 17 Radiobiology, 203 Radio-frequency fields (RF), 47, 48, 231 Radio-frequency radiation, 196 Radioimmuno-assay (RIA), 126 Rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation, 165 Real time flourescence spectroscopy, 89 Reproduction, 133 RIA, see Radioimmuno-assay, Ripple decrement plan, 214 RNA, 87, 90, 203, 233 synthesis, 87, 90, 233 transcription, 203, 233 Index Safety definition of. 195 MRI safety, see Magnetic Resonance Imaging

5 Index Safety (cont.) SCM safety, see Superconducting Magnet SAR, see Specific Absorption rate Schumann resonances, 46 SCM, see Superconducting Magnet Seizures, 165 grand mal seizures, 165 Shock phase, 200 ; see also Counter-shock phase Signal cascade, 85 Signal -to-noise ratios, 64, 70 field spatial coherence, 67 Signal transduction (ST), 27, 85 and cell membrane mediation, 93 SIN ratios, see Signal-to-noise ratios Somatosensory evoked potentials, 165 Specific absorption rate (SAR) and ANSI/IEEE C RF Safety Guidelines, 141 antenna length, 144 antennas comparison (Tables) at 835 MHz, 143 at 1900 MHz, 144 calculations, 139 ear vs. skull. 144 for mobile telephones, 145 normalized calculations procedure, 143 telephones (Tables), Spectrophotometer. 17 Spin chemsitry, 16 SQUID, 2 ST, see Signal transduction ST cascade, see Signal transduction cascade Static geomagnetic field. 30 Static fields, 63 combined static and ELF fields, 31 Static magnetic fields, 1, 197 classifications and equipment. 197 safety of and recommended safety standards, 197,203 Stochastic resonance, 70 Stroke. 165 and ischemia, 165 Submillitesla range, 132 Superconducting Magnet (SCM), , 198 safety and issues, 195 Superconducting Maglev train, 213 Superoxide anion, 17 T2 signals, 163 Thermal noise level. 65 Threshold field levels, 26 calculations, 26 Time-varying fields, 1, 112 effects on cation fluxes, 112 effects on cellular electrical properties, 114 reversibility of effects. 117 Time-varying magnetic fields. 31, 198 appliances. 198 time-weighted average (TWA), 58 Torques, 31 TPA, see Tumor promoter agent Transmembrane voltage. 65 Transposon mutagenesis, 172 Tumor initiation and promotion, 135 Tumor progression, 230 and immune system, 230, 232 microwaves, 231 Tumor promotion, 53, 135, 222 Tumor promoter agent (TPA), , Tumors, 52 brain tumors. 30, 232 early signals, 222 liver tumors, 30 mammary tumors, 29, 226 nervous tissue tumors, 23 skin tumors, TWA, see Time-weighted average Ultraviolet light, 212, 213 genotoxicity, 212 US Department of Energy safety standards, 199 UV light, see Ultraviolet light VEP, see Visual evoked potentials Visual evoked potentials. 163 latency response time. 163 Wertheimer and Leeper, 23 Window theory, 212 X-ray, 52 Yamanashi test, 214 magnetic shielding, 215 test track,

Power lines, Wiring & Appliances

page 1/11 Scientific Facts on Electromagnetic fields from Power lines, Wiring & Appliances Source document: IARC (2002) Summary & Details: GreenFacts Level 2 - Details on Power lines, Wiring & Appliances