Cancer cell movement study using 2D and 3D In Vitro models

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1 Cancer cell movement study using 2D and 3D In Vitro models by Ehsanul HOQUE APU Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu)

2 Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is the most common variety of oral cancers and most frequently appears in the tongue. Buccal SqCC is most commonly diagnosed in Southeast Asian and Indian populations because of the betel nut use. Worse survival and higher recurrence rate compared with SqCC arising from other sites of the oral cavity. (Bello et al, 2010; DeConde et al, 2012) Buccal SCC,Source: IARC

3 Invasion and metastases of SqCC The initial steps of local invasion: 1. Activation of signaling pathways that control cytoskeletal dynamics in tumor cells. 2. Turnover of cell matrix and cell-cell junctions, followed by active tumor cell migration and invasion into the adjacent tissue. Metastasis occurs when invading tumor cells engage with blood and lymph vessels. (Friedl and Wolf, 2003; Sahai, 2007)

4 Tumor microenvironment (TME) and different 3D In Vitro TME models.

5 Tumor microenvironment (TME) Non- transformed stromal elements within the tumor. These elements include: Blood vessels Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) Inflammatory cells Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Cancer progression, affecting the growth, invasion and spread of the tumor. (Madar et al., 2013; Hanahan and Weinberg, 2011)

6 Myoma 3D model Human Uterine Bening Smooth Muscle Neoplasm Uterus

7 Myogel Human leiomyoma derived solution/gel prepared according to the preparation of Matrigel (Kibbey 1994). Matrigel is a Commercial Basement membrane matrix from mouse EHS sarcoma. Myogel preparation Frozen Myoma tissue Cryogenic grinding Powdered form Suspended in NaCl buffer Centrifugation Pellet homogenized Protein assay Protein concentration Absorbance (590 nm) Store at Minus 20 degrees Celsius

8 Good to know Myogel is less stiffer and viscous then Matrigel. Myogel-Collagen shows increased stiffness and viscosity comparing with Myogel, but lower than Matrigel. Myogel-Collagen shows constant firmness after polymerization same as Matrigel. Myogel is less stable, static in 3D conditions than both Myogel-Collagen and Matrigel.

9 2D Migration pattern analyses of SqCC/Y1 lines using IncuCyte Vect Ct FL BB ZB SqCC/Y1 (BB)

10 3D Sandwich culture using three different ECM SqCC/Y1 (RFP) cell lines were used. Fill the inner well with a gelmatrix. Seed cells on top of the polymerized gel. Imbed the cells with gel in the upper well Cells in ECM gel Lower ECM gel Upper ECM gel Lower ECM gel Medium

11 3D Volume in Maximum intensity projection x y z

12 z 3D Volume Surface rendered x y y z x

13 3D Surface rendering shows SqCC/Y1 (BB) cell line movement in Z axis directions Myogel-collagen matrix z x z Matrigel-collagen matrix

14 Velocity (μm/hour) 3D directional velocity (mean speed) in different SQCC/Y1 CELLS 10 P = 0, P = 0,03 4 P = 0, V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB

15 Accumulated distance is the total distance travelled in 3D Accumulated distance (μm) *** ** *** *** *** *** ** ** *** 20 0 V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB

16 Euclidean distance (μm) Euclidean distance is the mean distance between the origin and end point in 3D *** *** ** ** *** *** ** ** 0 V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB V FL BB ZB

17 Results (Coculture, 2:1) Velocity (μm/hour) CAF co-culture CAF BB Vect ZB

18 Results (Coculture, 2:1) Velocity (μm/hour) NF co-culture NF Vect BB ZB

19 Velocity (μm/hour) 3D directional velocity (Coculture, 2:1) Velocity (μm/hour) Velocity (μm/hour) NF CAF SqCC/Y1 (Vect)-NF SqCC/Y1 (BB)-NF SqCC/Y1 (ZB)-NF Vect BB ZB Vect BB ZB SqCC/Y1 (Vect)-CAF SqCC/Y1 (BB)-CAF SqCC/Y1 (ZB)-CAF SqCC/Y1 Vect BB ZB Vect BB ZB

20 Myogel Human ECM model Transparent. Readily visualized with standard staining, live cell 3D imaging & high resolution microscopy. Outstanding biocompatibility. Provides ideal 3D In Vivo like tumor environment. Myogel-collagen Matrix Offers an excellent TME matrix for cancer cell In Vitro invasion experiments. Sandwich 3D Assay With live cell imaging & mathematical analyis to study cancer cell invasion more precisely.

21 Research Group of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, University of Oulu Professor Tuula Salo Dr Meeri Sutineen Dr Johanna Korvala Dr Maija Risteli Biocenter Oulu Dr Lauri Eklund Light microscopy core facility, Biocenter Oulu. Dr Veli-Pekka Ronkainen Dept. of Computer Science Engineering; University of Oulu. Saad Ullah MSc Queen Mary, University of London Dr Hong Wan

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