Lessons Learnt Egypt FAO ECTAD EGYPT

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1 Lessons Learnt Egypt FAO ECTAD EGYPT

2 Outline Achievements ( ) Challenges Lessons learnt Measures needed 2

3 Achievements Policy instruments Capacity support 3

Achievements 2014-2016 Policy instruments National H5N1 HPAI P&R plan developed.

4 Achievements Policy instruments National H5N1 HPAI P&R plan developed. National risk-based surveillance plan for AI updated (H5N1 and other emerging sub-types). National AI vaccination strategy developed. National risk-based MERS-CoV surveillance plan developed. 4

Capacity support Achievements 2014-2016 - AI vaccine evaluation strengthened (Protective efficacy duration of batch release).

consumables for AI and MERS-CoV secured. - Requirements for outbreak management (disinfectants, PPEs, culling tools.etc) provided.

5 Capacity support Achievements AI vaccine evaluation strengthened (Protective efficacy duration of batch release). - Web-based database system for vaccine evaluation and surveillance (TAD-info) established - Sampling equipment and laboratory consumables for AI and MERS-CoV secured. - Requirements for outbreak management (disinfectants, PPEs, culling tools.etc) provided. - Technical capacity for field veterinarians, epidemiologists and field managers strengthened through tailored short-term trainings. 5

Achievements 2014-2016 Capacity support (cont.

supported through experience sharing sessions.

9,700 Hang up Posters, 1600 Presentation Posters and 700

- 4-way linking platform established to serve as robust

6 Achievements Capacity support (cont.) - The promotion of feasible biosecurity messages supported through experience sharing sessions. - ERP messages designed and promoted (1,440,000 Flyers, 9,700 Hang up Posters, 1600 Presentation Posters and 700 Brochures printed and distributed). - 4-way linking platform established to serve as robust One Health (OH) system in Egypt, and joint risk assessment for H5N1 situation conducted in collaboration with MoH. 6

CHALLENGES The continued occurrence of HPAI (co-circulation of H5N1, H9N2 and H5N8) outbreaks including vaccinated stocks strongly suggests the existence of sustained virus circulation and strong

7 CHALLENGES The continued occurrence of HPAI (co-circulation of H5N1, H9N2 and H5N8) outbreaks including vaccinated stocks strongly suggests the existence of sustained virus circulation and strong challenges for the control approach Monthly H5N1 HPAI outbreaks ( ) -High human and poultry population densities is co-existing along the country territories (more than 90 million people and 1.5 billion birds). -Industrial and traditional livestock/poultry production and farming systems co-exist side-by-side. -Veterinary services has limited capacity (financial and logistic). -Many endemic diseases had high-impact on economic and public health importance. 7

8 CHALLENGES (CONT.) - Some of the laws/directives for disease control are socially unacceptable or not enforced (e.g. live poultry trade law). An anthropological study is actually ongoing to allow us to better understand the social obstacles - Communication activities were stand alone functions (not integral parts of HPAI detection and response activities). - Public-private partnerships remained in-adequate. - Faulty technical considerations may have spread the infection. - Heavy reliance on un-monitored vaccination scheme. - H5N1, H9N2, H5N8, H?N?, and beyond - The risk of budget cut-off can have an effect on the continued commitment and consequently risk of diseases spread. 8

SUCCESS STORIES COMMUNITY-BASED ANIMAL HEALTH OUTREACH (CAHO) PROGRAM IN EGYPT Through USAID funded projects, CAHO program was introduced in Egypt in 2009.

General Organization for Veterinary Services (GOVS).

9 SUCCESS STORIES COMMUNITY-BASED ANIMAL HEALTH OUTREACH (CAHO) PROGRAM IN EGYPT Through USAID funded projects, CAHO program was introduced in Egypt in It contributed significantly to number of the reported HPAI cases over the years and proved to be a robust disease surveillance and effective reporting tool for the General Organization for Veterinary Services (GOVS). In , when the overall surveillance system was slowed down due to the socio-political situation in the country, CAHO has provided over 60% of the reported HPAI outbreaks cases. Since then, the implementation and the overall responsibilities of the program was handed over to GOVS and has been replicated for the control of other high impact livestock diseases in the country. Recently, the new incursion of H5N8 was detected and reported firstly through CAHO team. Cover page of the publication produced under the project (see link indicated below) Group Interviews: involvement of local community CAHO practitioner investigating suspected sick duck

10 . SUCCESS STORIES (CONT.) Capacity support provided to national laboratories (NLQP, CLEVB and AHRI) National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control and Poultry Production (NLQP): Since 2007, several international and national training courses were provided to the lab staff to enable them efficient detection. All Laboratory reagents and consumables including those required for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), isolation, serology and gene sequencing were purchased and delivered to NLQP annually. Support were also provided to equip six satellite NLQP laboratories result in early detection. Currently, NLQP continues the sharing of all genetic data of the A/H5N1 and A/H9N2 viruses under the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID), which enable rapid dissemination and sharing of sequence data with other reference laboratories, OFFLU network, Open Flu database of influenza viruses and influenza researchers all over the world. Animal Heath Research Institute (AHRI): Through USAID projects, support was provided to enhance their capacity in detection of MERS-CoV through the following: Technical support and training provided of central and regional laboratories on agreed FAO protocol of testing. Identify their needs for further development. Currently the lab is ready for detection and waiting consumable and reagents. Central laboratory for the Evaluation of veterinary Biologics (CLEVB): The material and financial support provided resulted in the reduction of the average time required for the evaluation of AI vaccines from 98 days to about 65 days. All partners including private sectors are greatly satisfied due to shortduration required to know the results of the vaccine evaluation, and in ensuring availability of vaccines in the market.

11 LESSONS LEARNT Participatory approaches are key tool to overcome field challenges (e.g. outbreak response committees in household sector) Surveillance in LBMs is good prediction tool for the disease dynamics/monitoring, especially in cases of under-reporting (e.g. H5N1 human case upsurge ). Sound AI control requires functionally linked multidisciplinary approach that include: Geographic focus based on outbreak profiles and administrative levels (National, Governorate and Local) 11

RECOMMENDATION In-depth value chain and risk assessment studies to target critical risk and control points Continue to support institutional capacity strengthening to enhance early warning,

12 RECOMMENDATION In-depth value chain and risk assessment studies to target critical risk and control points Continue to support institutional capacity strengthening to enhance early warning, surveillance, diagnosis, farm bio-security Provision of policy support and promotion of functional partnerships (OH approach) To sustain the main achievements and allowing the Vet. Services to be ready for any potential risks, a long term support is crucial 12

Acknowledgement FAO ECTAD Egypt team Lotfi Allal (Team leader) Toni Ettel (Operation officer) Ahmed Saad (Deputy team leader) Amira Kamal (Animal health expert) Amal Mansour

13 Acknowledgement FAO ECTAD Egypt team Lotfi Allal (Team leader) Toni Ettel (Operation officer) Ahmed Saad (Deputy team leader) Amira Kamal (Animal health expert) Amal Mansour (National coordinator for MERS-CoV) Sohir Abdelkader (national consultant, Exposure Reduction Program) Ihab El Masry (Epidemiologist Surveillance expert) Amira Wassef (Operation assistant) 13

14 Thank you! 18 May 2015 This is the name of the Conference 14

15 Thank you 15

Situation of AI in Egypt

Situation of AI in Egypt Prof. Dr. Mona M. Aly Director of Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI-NLQP) Dokki, Giza., Egypt Topics 1- Current situation 2- Egyptian AI control strategy 3- Achievements 4-