Foot and mouth disease
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1 %14. %0 %6.6 % % % %96.5 %93.3 Foot and mouth disease (3) (Aphthovirus) (Picornaviridae) (A,O,C,SAT1,SAT,SAT3,ASIA1) (1) (ELISA) (5) (4) ) % (6)
2 (7) B (Aphthovirus) (ELISA Reaction Microplate) (United Biomedical,Inc. 8 (Jagular vein) (7) 00 (Eppendorf tubes 70 (Plian tubes) 10 (Smacking of lips) (Salivation).1 (Recumbent) (40.7) (Anorexia) (Dejection) (Vesicles) (Buccal (Dental pad) mucosa) 1 1
3 01 (1) % 6.6 % 14. % 33.3 % 0 () (1) % % 39.4 (1) % (Indirect ELISA) 3B. (Antibodies)
4 01 ( % 3.44 % : () (3 % % 8 (3) (% 96.5) (Specificity) (8) (Sensitivity) (% 93.3) (4) a+b b 8 a 58 c+d 56 d c 88 a+b+c+d 58 b+d a+c :a :b :c :d
5 01.1 (13) (9) (14 (% ) (9) (General pro inflammatory reaction) (Immune complex) (Complement activation) (Cytokinases) (Prostaglandins) (Acute phase proteins) 006 (%.9) (10) (%78.99) () % B (1)
6 01 (Emergency vaccination) () (16) (17) % 96.5 % 93.3 (0 (VPg) (3B) (1) % 96.8 %99.8 % 99 (Picornaviridae) (3B 1,3B,3B 3) (VIAA). (18) 1. Duque, H. and Baxt, B. (003). Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Receptors : Comparison of Bovine Integrin Utilization by type A and O viruses.journal of Virology,Vol.77,No.4,pp Geering, A.W. and Lubroth, J. (00). Preparation of foot and mouth disease contingency plans. Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nation (FAO). Rome. pp Dosky, A.M.; Ahmed, B.D.; Seitzer, U. and Ahmed, J. (006).Foot and mouth disease, Rinder pest, Peste des petites, Ruminants and Avian Influenza in the Erbil, Dohuk and Sulaimania governorates of Iraq. J.Vet. Med. 53: O Donnell, V.K.; Boyle, D.B.; Sproat, K.; Fondevila, N.A.; Forman, A.; Schudel, A. A. and Smitsaart, E. N. (96). Detection of antibodies against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus using a Liquid Phase Blocking Sanwich ElISA (LPBE) with a bioengineered 3Dprotein. Vet.J.Diagn. Invest. 8: Mochabo, K. M. (003). Community participatory approaches in the epidemiology and control of Trypanosomiosis in camel in Turkana district, Kenya. University of Nairobi, Kenya. Msc thesis Leyland, T. (91). Participation in the 80 s and 90 s : Who ask the questions in livestock development? MSc thesis, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. 7. Kelly.(74).Veterinary clinical diagnosis. sec. ed. The Macmillan publishing company Inc. New York. 8. Thrusfield, M. (95).Veterinary Epidemiology. Second Edition. Black Well Science, Oxford, UK. 9. Alexandersen, S. and Mowat, G.N.(005). Foot and Mouth Disease:Host range and pathogenesis. In Mahy : Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (Ed.). Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 005,Pp: Alexandersen, S.; Quan, M.; Murphy, C.; Knight, J. and Zhang, Z.(003 ). Studies of quantitive parameters of virus excretion
7 01 and transmission in pigs and cattle experimentally infected with foot and mouth disease virus.journal of comparative pathology. In press.. Alexandersen, S.;Oleksiewicz, M.B. and Donaldson, A.I.(001). The early Pathogenesis of foot and mouth disease in pigs infected by contact : A quantitive time course study using Taq Man RT PCR. Journal of General Virology,8 : Yilma, T. (80). Morphogenesis of vesiculation in foot and mouth disease. American journal of veterinary research,41: Andrews, A.H.; Blowey, R.W.; Boyd, H. and Eddy, R.G. (004).Bovine Medicine Diseases and Husbandry of Cattle ( nd Ed.). Black well Publishing Company.Pp: Clavijo, A.; Wright, P. and Kitching, P. (004). Developments in diagnostic techniques for differentiating infection from vaccination in foot and mouth disease.vet.j.,167: Bergmann, I.E.;Malirat, V.;Neitzert, E., Panizutti, N.; Sanchez, C. and Falczuk,A.(000).Improvement of serodiagnostic strategy for foot and mouth disease virus surveillance in cattle under systemic vaccination: a combined system of an Indirect ELISA 3ABC with an enzyme linked immune electrotransfer blot. Arch. Virol., 145, Fry, E.E.; Stuart, D.I. and Rowlands, D.J.(005). The structure of foot and mouth disease virus. CTMI, 88: Bronsvoort, B.M.; Sorensen,K.J.; Anderson, J.; Corteyn, A.; Tanya, V.N.;Kitching, R.p. and Margon, K.L. (004). J.Clin. Microbiol. 4(5): Chen, S.P. ; Ellis, T.M. ; Lee, M.C.; Cheng, I.C. ; Yang, P.C.; Lin, Y.L. ; Jong, M.H. ; Robertson, I.D. and Edwards, J.R. (007). Comparison of sensitivity and specificity in three commercial foot and mouth disease virus nonstructural protein ELISA kits with swine sera in Taiwan.Vet. Microbiol.9(4): Gao, M.; Zhang, R.; Li, M.; Li, S.; Cao, Y.; Ma, B. and Wang, J.(01). An ELISA based on the repeated foot and mouth disease virus 3B epitope peptide can distinguish infected and vaccinated cattle. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.3(3): Clinical and Diagnostic Study of Foot and Mouth Disease by using ELISA test in Cattle of AL Diwaniya City Abstract The study was carried during the period from November 010 to June 0 in different areas of AL Diwaniya city (AL Sedeer, Afak, AL Hamza, AL Shamiya and AL Bedeer ), clinical examination of animals, blood samples has been collected.the results of clinical study showed the typical and characteristic signs which were differed in
8 01 the severity as high fever, severe congestion of mucous membrane, profound depression, profuse salivation, eruption of vesicles and stomatitis while lameness, smacking, vesicles on feet were less in the severity,other clinical signs as mastitis,sloughing of the hoof and mortality in young animals were not recorded. The infection percentage in different areas of AL Diwaniya city were 39.4%,33.3%, 6.6%,0% and 14.% in (AL Sedeer, afak, AL Hamza,AL Shamiya and AL Bedeer) respectively.the infection distribution percentage by ELISA test in clinically affected and apparently normal cows were 93.3 %, 3.44% respectively with a total percentage of %.The results showed high sensitivity and specificity of ELISA (93.3 %,96.5 %) respectively as compare with clinical study.
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