Planning for Disaster Debris and Animal Mass Mortality Event Management. Jeff Phillips, Director of Business Development

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1 Planning for Disaster Debris and Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Jeff Phillips, Director of Business Development

2 Planning for Disaster Debris Disasters are come-as-you-are battles. Having a plan will make you more prepared when the battle comes.

3 Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill/SW Agency perspective/focus How can the landfill help the recovery Landfills are a critical utility/service to the recovery process Why should landfills/sw Agency s be at the emergency planning table

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5 Flood Debris Cedar Rapids, Iowa (2008)

6 Hail Damage

7 Ice Storm Springfield, MO 2007

8 Tornado Joplin, MO 2011

9 Current Disaster Declaration in Missouri 28 Counties received disaster declaration on May 24 th 1,200 Homes impacted $86 million is estimated damages/emergency response

10 Planning for Disaster Debris Communication: Missouri Department of Public Safety State Emergency Management Agency 9 Regional coordinators

11 Communication: Emergency services Utility services Internal operations and management Public relations/media Customers Regulators (local, regional, state, federal) Contractors Regional council of governments Get to the planning table. Be a part of policy development. Plan and then train to the plan! Because

12 and then it will go to the landfill for disposal.

13 Oh really?

14 Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill/SW Agency Planning Resources Communications

15 Planning for Disaster Debris Types of possible disaster debris: C&D Hazardous Infectious Organic (vegetative) Food waste Appliances Furniture Bulky Vehicles and vessels What disaster response plans are already in place and are you part of that plan?

16 Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources Airspace Cover Material Heavy Equipment Operators Scales Fuel

17 Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources Airspace (Variability in risk exposure) Did you recently open a new cell? Are you nearing filling completion of an existing cell? Do you have old areas that could be reopened in an emergency? Do you have disposal agreements with other landfills in the event your landfill is unable to provide service? Cover Material Do you rely on daily cover material that is generated by a local industry, or produced/supplied (i.e., spray on material)?

18 Planning for Disaster Debris Landfill Resources Heavy Equipment What is the condition of your equipment? Who can provide emergency maintenance on the equipment? Do you have options to rent/borrow additional equipment? Anything in writing? Does your equipment acquisition align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements? Operators What does you labor/union contract stipulate? Do you have options to hire temporary labor? Does your labor acquisition align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements?

19 Landfill Resources Scales One way in and out scales? Ability to acquire portable scales? Automation capabilities? Tracking software align with disaster declaration reimbursement requirements? Fuel Operational day storage?

20 Planning for Disaster Debris Communications Disposal is not free All items cannot be accepted Hours of operations Expect long lines/delays Required documentation/cooperation with recovery officials

21 Planning for Disaster Debris Communications Don t rely on cellphones Identify chain of command and responsibilities Have means to identify personnel Do you need to control access to the landfill?

22 Debris Management Plan for Landfill Previous events and response activities Disaster and debris classification Command structures and responsibilities Task Force Assignments Landfill readiness assessment and resumption of operations Alternative management site coordination Debris management communication to communities/customers Task Force Readiness Assessment (can I still provide service?) Task force activation triggers and levels

23 Planning for Disaster Debris Post Event Landfill Infrastructure Assessment Landfill services operational status Prioritize assessment and restore efforts to service needs (ice storm grinders; pad space, loaders, etc.) Restricted access areas (i.e., received materials part of criminal investigation)

24 Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 Just opened a new landfill cell next expansion was 18 months out Closed landfill at ground zero Curtain burn, grind/transfer, diversion/recycling, landfill 478,000 tons of debris over 5 month period Still received flood related waste 6 years after the event Monday-Sunday 7AM-7PM Mandatory overtime (operators, phone coverage, management, etc.)

25 Case Study Cedar Rapids ,300 tons/day Typical year is <1,000 tons/day Communicate and coordinate material separation Identification of staging areas

26 Case Study Cedar Rapids ,000 appliances recovered in two months Lawnmowers sold for $5 (Habitat for Humanity) Propane tank storage/recycling 160,000 cans of paint 880 plastic drums

27 Case Study Cedar Rapids 2008 Obtain equipment rental contracts ahead of the disaster Heavy equipment Portable lights/generators Understand labor contract/union contract hiring practices Pre identified/communicated staging areas (negotiated private property leases) Backup/Additional disposal agreements

28 Case Study Creston Iowa 2012 Pressures of/at a Transfer Station are different than at a Landfill Alternative disposal location (closer to transfer station) Don t just rely on cell phones Contracts for transfer trailers, tractors, and drivers Disposal is NOT FREE

29 Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Avian Influenza Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) Swine flu and much more

30 Be at the table for emergency response planning because Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Designate one landfill to accept animal mass mortality waste and divert all other customers Prevent site workers that live on a farm with livestock from returning to that farm for two weeks Vaccinate and then depopulate animals at the landfill

31 Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Livestock and Poultry Industry in Missouri $2.25 billion/year (8% of total state budget) $300 million lost/year due to livestock diseases Missouri production: Cattle 4 million (2 nd in nation) Turkeys 19 million (2 nd in nation) Hogs 3 million (7 th in nation) Broilers 250 million (10 th in nation) Eggs 2 million (14 th in nation)

32 Animal Mass Mortality Event Management Recent and Current Activity: 39,000 turkeys depopulated in Jasper County, MO (April 2016) March 5, 2017 HPAI confirmed in Tennessee (73,500 chickens)

33 DISEASED CARCASSES But remember million chickens So 20,000 is only 0.008% of Missouri s stock

34 DISEASED CARCASSES

35 Animal Mass Mortality Event Iowa Avian Influenza (High Path AI): Iowa Ranked #1: Chicken layers (59.5 million 16% national stocks) Pullets Egg production Iowa Ranked #8 Turkeys (11 million)

36 211 Commercial Premises MN 109 (108 composting, 1 burial) IA 71 (composting, burial, landfill, incineration) SD 10 (burial) WI 9 (composting) NE 5 (composting) CA 2 (composting) MO 2 (composting) ND 2 (composting) AR 1 (burial)

37 Iowa Avian Influenza (High Path AI): Layers 25 million egg layers euthanized 42% of Iowa s stock 22 laying facilities Turkeys 1 million turkeys euthanized 10% of Iowa s stock 35 farm sites

38 Composting

39 On-Site Burial

40 On-Site Burial

41 Incineration Incineration: Tarmac Thermal Unit (Cherokee) Never been used for carcass disposal before Propane fired ( F) Peak = 225,000 birds/day ~ 32 roll-off containers Air Curtain: 14,000 birds/day (2 rolloffs/day)

42 Landfill DOT haul routes Biosecurity at farms and landfills Special waste authorization criteria (SWAC) Long roundtrips

43 Animal Mass Mortality Event Special Waste Acceptance Criteria (SWAC) At the Farm Driver remain in vehicle Container plastic lined. Bio-Zip Sealable liner inside lined container Each load 50% manure and 50% chickens 1 Foot of headspace in bag Spray disinfectant over bag. Tarp load Loaded container must remain on-site for three or more days Clean vehicle and container of organic material then spray with disinfectant. Contact landfill to arrange arrival time. Travel DOT approved route.

44 Animal Mass Mortality Event Special Waste Acceptance Criteria (SWAC) At Landfill (subtitle D compliant) Disposal area segregated from existing working face. Disposal location to be high in garbage mass. Prevent vectors in disposal area. Excavate trench. Dump loads into trench and cover with 2 of excavated waste. Spray disinfectant on vehicle and containers before leaving landfill. Capture disinfectant for disposal (incinerator)

45 Animal Mass Mortality Event

46 DISEASED CARCASSES

47 Landfill Challenges and Successes: 400 roll-offs to Sheldon Landfill 1,600+ roll-offs to Malvern Landfill 1,200+ roll-off to Cherokee incinerator 7 main contractors 980 laborers in Iowa (August) Peak laborers was 2,500 Disposal of non-contaminated items: Farm equipment, labor waste, etc. $900 million + as of October 2015

48 Landfill Challenges and Successes: Health and legal concerns 42 days to get first load accepted for disposal Communication Federal, state, local governments Farm owners and operators Contractors Disposal sites Public

49 Animal Mass Mortality Event Landfill Challenges and Successes: Chickens are easy! What if it were something bigger?

50 Jeff Phillips THANK YOU!