Standard Summary Project Fiche. Project no: TR Title: Control of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in Turkey

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1 Standard Summary Project Fiche Project no: TR Basic Information 1.1 CRIS Number (Year 1): 1.2 Title: Control of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in Turkey 1.3 Sector: Agriculture 1.4 Location: Turkey 1.5 Duration: 3 years 2. Objectives 2.1 Overall Objective(s): The overall objective of the project is to eradicate FMD in Turkey to ensure a high level of animal health status like in the EU. 2.2 Project purpose: Control of FMD in Turkey by mass vaccination policy in accordance with other EU control measures such as animal identification, movement and market controls. 2.3 Accession Partnership (AP) and NPAA priority ACCESSION PARTNERSHIP Short Term Priorities - Food safety, veterinary and phytosanitary policy Further align the system of animal identification and registration for bovines with EU requirements and start action in view of the identification of sheep and goats and registration of their movements. Adopt a strategy to eradicate the main animal diseases. Prepare a program for modernising food-processing establishments to meet EU hygiene and public health standards. Implement residues and zoonosis control programmes. Medium Term Priorities - Food safety, veterinary and phytosanitary Align the veterinary, food safety, and phytosanitary legislation. Build up the necessary administrative capacity to implement the veterinary, phytosanitary and food legislation. Establish animal identification and registration system for sheep and goats in line with the EU requirements. Upgrade agri-food processing establishments so that they are in a position to respect EU food safety standards and legislation. Modernise dairy farms. Implement food safety control systems Set up a system of collections of cadavers and treatment of animal by-products. 1

2 Implement eradication plans for the main diseases Align the system of plant variety registration with EU requirements NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE ACQUIS (Official Gazette Dated 24 July 2003 No bis) PRIORITY 7.2 Alignment to the Veterinary Acquis Priority Description The harmonization process in the veterinary field is based on the Veterinary Project carried out under the 2002 Financial Cooperation Program. In the Veterinary Project, veterinary legislation, animal health, disease surveillance, control and eradication, veterinary information systems, veterinary border inspection posts, veterinary public health and animal welfare were identified as priority areas. Meanwhile, the Veterinary Framework Law, which is a prerequisite of the Twinning project, is being prepared through the technical assistance provided by the Administrative Cooperation Program. The Veterinary Framework Law will establish the legal basis, for the transposition of main EU regulations, directives and decisions into the Turkish legal system. In the field of animal health, technical facilities of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will be improved to carry out the monitoring of the OIE list A and B diseases. In addition, national control and eradication programs will be prepared, and the facilities and diagnosis infrastructure of the veterinary laboratories will be improved. For the Blue tongue disease an action plan will be prepared, which will set the basis for the other diseases in the list A of the OIE. A Veterinary Information System supporting the system on identification and registration of bovine animals, control of animal movements and disease control programmes and containing notification systems such as ANIMO, ADNS and SHIFT will be established. As a result, a network will be set up that will enable information exchange between the central and local organizations of MARA and border inspection posts, laboratories, slaughterhouses and major markets REGULAR REPORT {COM (2005) 561 final} 9 November 2005, SEC (2005) 1426 Chapter 12 (page 80): Efforts have been observed concerning animal diseases control measures. For foot and mouth disease (FMD) a vaccination campaign has been implemented, new actions need to be organised in the context of a global strategy for the control of this crucial disease. In addition vaccination campaigns have been implemented against brucellosis, sheep and goat plague, anthrax, sheep and goat pox, bluetongue, Newcastle disease and rabies. Furthermore, an animal disease strategy for controlling the World Organisation for Animal Diseases (OIE) List-A diseases, has been prepared. Efficient implementation is however linked to the implementation of veterinary control systems. 2.4 Contribution to National Development Plan Not applicable. 2.5 Cross Border Impact As being non-cbc project, it has no direct cross border impact. In the end of the project the number of FMD cases among the bovine and ovine animals will be decreased, which will also minimise the possibility of spreading of the disease to neighbouring countries and subsequently to Europe. 2

3 3. Description 3.1 Background and justification: FMD is the most important Office International des Epizooties (OIE: World Organization for Animal Health) List A disease due to its effect on trade. In the past, the disease has ravaged European livestock, but has been gradually brought under control. However FMD remained and is still endemic in Anatolia which appears to be potential source of sporadic outbreaks in the Balkans and threat to Europe. FMD has serious economic effects for Turkey and also constitutes a persistent danger of infection to the entirely susceptible livestock population of the European Union. Turkey has been trying to control FMD by general vaccination policy since 1967, despite the national efforts of Turkey and the technical and financial assistance provided by international organisations, the attempts made to control FMD in Turkey over many years have met with only limited success due to the fact that the vaccination coverage was not enough to control the disease totally (Annex 7). Notable freedom has been achieved for significant periods in the geographically isolated region of Thrace, but elsewhere throughout the Anatolian peninsula the disease remains endemic and new types and strains of virus continue to gain access, principally from the East (Annex 7). Republic of Turkey is aligning the system of the control of animal contagious diseases with the systems valid at present in the EU member states. At the same time Turkey is in the process of aligning of the national legislation on the FMD with the provisions of the EU Veterinary Acquis. The movement toward Turkish membership of the European Union gives increased emphasis to the need for more effective control of the disease in the region. Existing Turkish legislation which covers the provisions on FMD, the Law No: 3285 on Animal Health and Control is not line with the relevant EU legislation. To align with Council Directive 2003/85/EC on Community measures for the control of foot-and-mouth disease, a draft FMD Regulation has been prepared and will be enacted after Veterinary Framework Law has entered into force, which will be sent to the Parliament for adoption in early A Working Group Meeting on Animal Diseases between the Commission services and Turkish officials took place in Ankara, Turkey on 15th-16th March 2005 and the agreed conclusions of the meeting are given in Annex 8. A pre-accession programme on FMD for 2006 and a pre- accession programme on PPR for 2007 covering the actions to be proposed by the MARA have been defined as priorities. The Working Group has agreed on a three years action for FMD and decided to regionalize Turkey as Thrace and Anatolia in order to achieve the objectives defined. The actions decided comprise vaccination, sero surveillance, control measures and cleaning and disinfection. 3.2 Sectoral rationale Necessary political commitment was already declared in the National Programme with the provision of all the resources essential to implement fully the existing strategies which are prerequisites in order to achieve the medium term objective of control and to move towards the longer term objective of eradication. Therefore timely support from the EU will be extremely valuable in the expeditious achievement of these objectives. This project will help controlling the disease in the Anatolia region of Turkey and eradicating the disease in the Thrace region. After the implementation of this project a follow up project for the eradication of the disease countrywide should be implemented on the basis of the programme prepared by the implemented project Support to the Alignment of Turkey to the 3

4 EU Veterinary Acquis and this project. An ADNS and TRACES system will be established by that time and the follow up project will also support data access to the system. The aim of vaccination and surveillance programme in Thrace region The aim of the Republic of Turkey is to achieve the status of being FMD free with vaccination in Thrace by To attain this goal, the present programme will first establish regionalization of Turkey as Thrace and Anatolia in order to maintain the free status of Thrace and to prevent animal movement from Anatolia. Second, vaccination of sheep and goat at a level of 100 % once a year will be targeted which was not considered previously. Identification and registration system for bovine animals will be operational by the start of the first vaccination campaign. The same rule will apply for ovine and caprine animals in Thrace. However, ovine and caprine animals in Anatolia, simultaneous action of identification is envisaged to be done during vaccination. The aim of vaccination and surveillance programme in Anatolia In Anatolia, Republic of Turkey s aim is to ensure 100 % vaccination of ruminant population. Identification and registration system for bovine will also be operational. 3.3 Results 1. Thrace region is recognized as officially FMD free by OIE. 2. The disease is taken under control in Anatolia with a high level of immunization of the main susceptible species. Benchmark: Thrace has been free from FMD 2002 despite not being officially recognized by OIE. Anatolia is still in endemic situation and detailed FMD situation is given in Annex 7. Currently vaccination coverage is approximately 50 % for bovine and less than 10 % for sheep and goats (Annex 7). Control of FMD among bovine sheep and goats in Turkey, acquire OIE recognized free status with vaccination in Thrace, ensure a level of more than 90 % vaccination for bovine, sheep and goats in Anatolia, and adopting EU control measures on FMD in Turkey. Indicators of achievement: - At the end of the project in 2010, OIE recognized free status with vaccination in Thrace will be acquired, - Level of more than 90 % vaccination for bovine, sheep and goats in Anatolia will be realized. - Council Directive 2003/85/EC on Community measures for the control of foot-andmouth disease and FMD contingency plan will be fully operational by the end of project. 3.4 Activities (including Means) The actions will comprise vaccination, sero surveillance, control measures and cleaning and disinfection. Activities will be carried out through supply of laboratory equipment, Supply of vaccines- Vaccination campaigns: A FMD vaccination campaign for bovine and ovine animals will be carried out under the control of the official veterinarians for 3 years to control the disease. These campaigns will be organized by the Central Competent Authority and implemented by the Provincial Authorities. Their administration to bovine and ovine animals will be carried out by the veterinarians working for the 81 province directorates or municipalities and private veterinarians. The administration cost of the vaccines is not included in project budget. The 4

5 vaccines procured will be delivered to province directorates by the contractor following the instructions of the Central Competent Authority. The number of doses which will be delivered to the provincial directorates will be decided by the Central Competent Authority on the basis of the total number of animals in each province. The delivery of the vaccines to the provincial directorates will be carried out under cold chain before the implementation of each vaccination campaign. The storage of the vaccines under cold chain will be the responsibility of the provincial directorates throughout the vaccination campaign. The excessive doses will be stored and reported to the Central Competent Authority at the end of each vaccination campaign. Supply of vaccines to obtain result no. 1 - vaccination campaign in Thrace: Procurement and transportation of 3 million doses of bivalent FMD vaccines for bovine animals and 2.7 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for ovine animals. a) The approach for bovine animals: Each year two campaigns of vaccination (spring and autumn) for bovines will be carried out doses of bivalent vaccines for each campaign will be procured without prejudice of the use of trivalent vaccines in case of occurrence of a new strain. b) The approach for sheep and goats: Each year one campaign of vaccination (spring) for sheep and goats will be carried out doses of bivalent vaccines for sheep and goats will be procured for each campaign without prejudice of the use of trivalent vaccines in case of occurrence of a new strain. Supply of vaccines to obtain result no. 2 - vaccination campaign in Anatolia: Procurement and transportation of 40 million doses of bivalent FMD vaccines and 13 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for bovine animals and 55 million doses of bivalent vaccines and 35 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for ovine animals. a) The approach for bovine animals: Each year two campaigns of vaccination (spring and autumn) for bovines will be carried out. 6.6 million doses of bivalent vaccines (A and O) and 2.1 million doses of trivalent vaccines (A, O and Asia 1) for each campaign are foreseen, without prejudice of the use of vaccines with an additional valence in case of occurrence of a new strain. b) The approach for sheep and goats: Each year one campaign of vaccination (spring) for sheep and goats will be carried out. 17 million doses of bivalent vaccines and 11 million doses of trivalent vaccines are foreseen for each campaign without prejudice of the use of vaccines with an additional valence in case of occurrence of a new strain. Supply of vaccination equipment to obtain result no. 1, 2 - vaccination campaign in Thrace and Anatolia: In each year of the project, pieces of needles and pieces injectors for bovine, pieces of needles for sheep and goat vaccination in Thrace region will be procured. Moreover pieces of needles and pieces injectors for bovine, pieces of needles for sheep and goat vaccination in Anatolia will be procured in each year of the project. Means/Inputs 3 supply contracts for each year (each contract will be divided into 3 lots for vaccines and vaccination equipment) Supply of equipment Sero-surveillance and control measures: 5

6 Procurement of sampling and testing kits and reagents for sero-surveillance as regards FMD to identify the level of immunization. The sero-surveillance studies will be organized by the Central Competent Authority and samples will be collected by the official veterinarians working for the provincial directorates or municipalities and the tests will be carried out by the FMD Institute. To increase the efficiency of the vaccination campaign control measures will be taken Supply of equipment to obtain result no. 1 sero-surveillance in Thrace: a) The approach for bovine animals: Evaluation of the survey design for the detection of virus circulation has already been made by the EUFMD (sample size) sera have to be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. b) The approach for sheep and goats: In the third year of the project a stratified random survey for detection for virus circulation will be carried out in supplement of the survey in bovines and its statistical parameters are the same as for the bovines. The total number of samples shall be 9600, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. Control measures which will be taken by the Competent Authority: Only slaughter of animals (bovines, sheep and goats) directed to slaughterhouses will be authorized for movement from Anatolia into Thrace. This movement will be regulated in accordance with paragraph 1 to 5 of the article of the OIE Animal Health Code (Annex 6). By derogation, during sacrifice festival (Kurban Bayramı), movements to designated collection centres and designated slaughter places will be authorized. This derogation will be applied only for a limited period of time strictly necessary for the purpose of this event. Supply of equipment to obtain result no. 2 sero-surveillance in Anatolia: a) The approach for bovine animals: Evaluation of the survey design for the detection of virus circulation has already been made by the EU FMD (sample size) sera have to be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. b) The approach for sheep and goats: In the third year of the project a stratified random survey for detection for virus circulation; carried out in supplement of the survey in bovines and its statistical parameters the same as bovines. The total number of samples shall be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. Means/Inputs 1 supply contract Supply of material Cleansing and Disinfection: 6

7 Procurement of cleansing and disinfection material to be used by the provincial directorates for 3 years. Cleaning and disinfection following FMD outbreaks and animal markets and slaughterhouses will be ensured to increase the efficiency of vaccination campaign and control measures. Also cleaning and disinfection of the site and vehicles shall be ensured at all places where animals are collected and slaughtered. Means/Inputs 1 supply contract 3.5 Linked Activities: 2002 Matra/PSO Training Project- The activities of the project started in January 2002 and within the scope of the project the personnel responsible for the I&R working for the 81 provincial directorates and district directorates, slaughterhouses, animal markets and animal bourses were trained. Turkish legislation in alignment with EU legislation has been adopted and since then bovine animals and holdings have been recorded in the database. Project Number -TR Support to the Alignment of Turkey to the EU Veterinary Acquis : The objective of the project is to support the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in aligning to the relevant EC standards of veterinary legislation and activities in the fields of animal health, veterinary public health and animal welfare. The project includes: Animal Health Component, Inspection System, Veterinary Information System, Disease Surveillance, Control and Eradication Veterinary Public Health Component Animal Welfare Component Within the scope of above-mentioned project the Contingency Plan for FMD has been prepared and the draft FMD regulation has been prepared to be published after the entry into force of the Veterinary Framework Law. A pilot project Management of FMD surveillance and control measures has been proposed to Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations to be financed from the Trust Fund and the duration of the project is designed as 24 months covering the period between 1/2006 and 12/2007. The project is covering epidemiologically significant Provinces in eastern Anatolia, especially where risk of FMD entry and onward spread namely Ardahan, Kars, Van; Kars, Agri, Igdir, Hakkari and Sirnak, Erzurum (because of onward spread). The purpose of the project is to establish into operation FMD management and monitoring systems that meet requirements for GoT FMD eradication strategy (and which address stakeholders participation issues in FMD control). The outputs of the project will be - Functional FMD surveillance and outbreak investigation unit with operational capacity for monitoring reporting rates, epizootic spread and delivery and impact of vaccination and other control measures - Delivery procedures and modalities identified that enable campaigns to overcome vaccine delivery constraints and meet campaign targets; - Regional and provincial consultative procedures in place to enable stakeholders to participate in solving problems associated with FMD eradication strategy - Communications capacity in place and operational to address requirements for disease reporting and uptake /compliance with control measures; 7

8 3.6 Lessons learned: Many studies directly related to this Phare project were carried out within the scope of abovemention project, TR First, releasing a strategy paper describing how to control important animal diseases and areas in which reforms have to be implemented was the most important among them. These areas identified as policy, administration, animal ID and movement control, market and trade control, compensation schemes, vaccination policies. Second, development of a FMD contingency plan was crucial milestone in terms of being first against an animal disease in Turkey. During the preparation, members of working group gained many experiences and identified the potential gaps for the implementation. Although it is still under some revisions, it will be operational by the end of this Phare and have application potential for the control of exogenous FMD types and subtypes during this Phare. Third, the analyses of economical losses due to FMD, financial appraisal and long term benefits of FMD eradication was also studied in TR (Annex 4). Through a training program, overall picture of the FMD diagnosis laboratory operated under EU FMD legislations were understood in terms of its biosecurity conditions, quality systems, GLP, some routine laboratory tests and other laboratory tests. Finally, the draft FMD regulation has been prepared to be published after the entry into force of the Veterinary Framework Law. 4. Institutional Framework The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (General Directorate of Protection and Control) will be the Turkish co-ordinator of the project. The direct beneficiaries involved in this project are two institutions within the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: - Animal Health Office (under GDPC-MARA): The Animal Health Section is responsible for the co-ordination and implementation of the legislation governing veterinary medicine, food safety and animal protection, as well as state supervision and enforcement. This includes the inspection of live animals, producers and processors of food as well as of wholesale services and transport. The Animal Health Section is also the competent authority in the field of animal health and responsible for FMD control in Turkey. Elaboration and general coordination of implementation FMD eradication programme is responsibility of the central authority of the Animal Health Section. The 81 provincial veterinary office directorate, responsible for animal health in local level, coordinate implementation of programme. Veterinary officials (81) working for Animal Health Section take samples and send them to Foot and Mouth Disease Institute (SAP Institute). - Foot and Mouth Disease Institute (SAP Institute) Department of diagnosis is responsible for testing FMD suspected field samples, antibody to structural proteins of FMDV to measure protective immune response and antibody to nonstructural proteins of FMDV to figure out disease prevalence, analysing of serological data and antigenic and phylogenetic characterization of field isolates. SAP Institute registers samples, makes necessary examinations and reports results to field units and Animal Health Section of MARA. Analysing of the results and communication with international reference laboratories are also responsibilities of the SAP Institute. A steering committee will be established within the project and will meet and monitor the project implementation. The committee will be composed of MARA-GDPC, SAP Institute, MARA EU Coordination Department, European Commission Delegation in Ankara, Central Finance and Contacts Unit and NGO representatives. The committee will meet on quarterly basis and will be chaired by GDPC. A task force will be established and will attend the 8

9 meetings of steering committee and will follow the project implementation. The task force is composed of Team Leader, 2 Expert of Animal Health Department, FMD Expert and FMD Epidemiologist. Within the project vaccines will be procured and administered to control General Directorate of Protection and control (GDPC) and FMD in Turkey. The inactivated vaccines will be delivered to 81 province directorates by the contractor and they will be administered to animals by the veterinarians working for province, district directorates and municipalities. To monitor the progress in controlling the disease, task force will follow sero-surveillance results and make recommendations. 5. Detailed Budget Co-financing Pre- Accession Instrument support National Public Funds (*) Year Investment support jointly co funded 3 Supply Contracts Vaccination Campaign (vaccine + equipment) Supply Contract Sero-surveillance Equipment Supply Contract Cleaning and Disinfection Material Investment support sub-total Other Sources (**) Total Cofinancing of Project Total Cost Year 2006 Institution Building support IB support Total project

10 1. All investment sub-projects supported by the pre-accession fund must receive co-financing from national public funds. Minimum requirement for co-financing from national public funds is 25% of the combined PHARE and national contributions to the overall investment support. 2. Many Institution building projects will also have a degree of cofinancing this should be quantified and included wherever possible. 3. Expenditure related to equipment (regulatory infrastructure or ESCrelated) and to Technical Assistance supporting investment (e.g. pre feasibility study / supervision of works / technical specifications) should be considered as Investment support in the project fiche. 4. All co-financing must be provided on a joint basis. Parallel cofinancing will, in a principle, not be accepted. Exceptions to this rule have to be agreed with the Commission in advance. 5. All co-financing should be clearly quantified, also the degree of certainty of such co financing (i.e. for National Public Funds: is it already earmarked in local or national budget, for FIs Loans, private funds: are they already approved/ under appraisal, etc..). 6. Where parallel co financing is accepted and justified per exception to the normal rule it should be provided in monetary form. If this is not possible there should be clear criteria set out for the valuation of any non-monetary contributions (that should be quantified in the table) 7. If twinning is involved, clearly state the expected budget of the twinning covenant 8. The financial engineering of the project should be closely monitored against actual delivery during implementation and against the objectives that were set in the project fiche so that corrective actions may be taken where required. 6. Implementation Arrangements 6.1 Implementing Agency The CFCU will be the implementing agency and will be responsible for all procedural aspects of the tendering process, contracting matters and financial management, including payment of project activities. The Director of the CFCU will act as PAO of the project. His contacts are: Mr. Muhsin Altun Programme Authorising Officer Central Finance and Contracts Unit Tel: Fax: muhsin.altun@cfcu.gov.tr The details of the beneficiary of the project are as follows: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs General Directorate of Protection and Control Dr. Durali KOÇAK Acting General Director Tel: duralik@kkgm.gov.tr 10

11 6.2 Twinning Not applicable. 6.3 Non-standard aspects Practical Guide to Contract Procedures Financed from the EC General Budget in the context of External Actions will be strictly followed. 6.4 Contracts There will be 5 supply contracts. 3 supply contracts for each year (each contract will be divided into 3 lots for vaccines and vaccination equipment). The values of the 3 contracts are given at point Implementation Schedule ToR s/technical Specifications Start of Tendering/ Call for proposals Start of Project Activities Project Completion Supply Contract 2007 Vaccination Campaign June 2006 September 2006 March 2007 June 2007 (vaccine + equipment) Supply Contract 2008 Vaccination Campaign June 2007 September 2007 March 2008 June 2008 (vaccine + equipment) Supply Contract 2009 Vaccination Campaign June 2008 September 2008 March 2009 June 2009 (vaccine + equipment) Supply Contract Sero-surveillance September 2006 January 2007 June 2007 August 2007 Equipment Supply Contract Cleaning and Disinfection September 2006 January 2007 June 2007 August 2007 Material 8. Equal Opportunity MARA is an equal opportunity employer. Selection of staff and other personnel to work on the projects will be based on objective assessments of qualification and experience, without regard to gender. 9. Environment Environmental issues can be considered in the widest sense with the control of FMD the effect on the environment will be achieved through the better fulfilment of requirements by the relevant institutions. 10. Rates of return Benefit/cost analysis of FMD control and eradication have been completed by GDPC and SAP Institute and summarized in below table. The calculations are made with the assumption of three phases (see Annex 4): 1. Stable endemic phase (SEP) from 1996 to 2003, 2. Eradication phase (EP) from 2006 to 2013 and 11

12 3. Free phase (FP) from 2014 to 2021 The calculation of the costs in the different phases is made on the basis of the assumptions as given in Annex 4. The eradication phase assumes a vaccination of the entire FMD susceptible livestock population (cattle, sheep and goat) for three years followed by strategic vaccinations (only cattle and risk areas) for 5 years. Table 1: Costs of the phases: PHASES COST DUE TO FMD ( ) STABIL ENDEMIC PHASE ( ) (SEP) 112,832,785 ERADICATION PHASE ( ) (EP) 230,434,830 FREE PHASE ( ) (FP) 20,679,956 The Benefit/Cost relation is for SEP/EP: 0, 49 and for SEP/FP: Moreover benefit from free international trade of animal and animal products in FP is not added to this ratio. Other uncalculated benefit could be the reduced risk of FMD spread for European countries. 11. Investment criteria (applicable to all investments) 11.1 Catalytic effect Phare support is essential for further eradication of FMD in accordance to the programme prepared by the project TR As explained in Annex 4, the eradication of the diseases constitutes a substantial economic and financial burden to Turkey and if it is not eradicated the disease will continue to threaten neighbouring countries which are free of disease, namely Greece and Bulgaria and all over Europe Co-financing The project is financed jointly by EU and the Turkish Government. The Turkish Government will provide 25 % of co-financing of the investment support. 75 % of the total investment will be financed from EU budget Additionality This project is not a substitute for grant funding from private sector sources Project readiness and size The beneficiary will complete implementation documents needed namely technical specifications for supply contracts and meet all the conditionalities described in section Sustainability The project has a long-term sustainability since the proper animal health status in the country with respect to the FMD will enable proper animal health protection after the accession of Turkey to the EU. The competent authority will gain experience regarding the further eradication efforts of FMD and other animal diseases with the implementation of this project. The experience gained will enable the implementation of control measures and FMD contingency plan. The utilization of national resources to control diseases will be explored for future eradication of animal diseases. 12

13 11.6 Compliance with state aids provisions Project complies with the state aid provisions 12. Conditionality and sequencing Before launching the Vaccination Campaign Supply Contract, MARA should provide adequate preparation (cold storage) of the provincial directorates that are going to receive the vaccines. Before 2006 sacrifice festival, control measures for Thrace and Anatolia will be operational. Before 2006 sacrifice festival, designated slaughter places and collection centres will be established in Thrace by MARA. Before spring 2007 the minimum rules for the identification and registration of sheep and goats will be in place. The project will be run for 3 consecutive years, 2007, 2008 and While 2006 is a preparative year, 2010 will be an evaluation year. ANNEXES TO PROJECT FICHE 1. Logframe in standard format 2. Detailed implementation chart 3. Contracting and disbursement schedule, by quarter, for full duration of project 4. The Executive Summaries of Economic and Financial Appraisal of FMD Eradication: Calculation of Costs 5. Reference list of relevant laws and regulations 6. Reference list of relevant strategic plans and studies (may include institution sector strategies, development plans, business development plans, etc) 7. Detailed Information Regarding the Disease Situation and Implemented Control Eradication Programmes 8. Agreed Conclusions of the Working Group Meeting on Animal Diseases 13

14 Annex 1- Logical Framework LOGFRAME PLANNING MATRIX for CONTROL OF FMD IN TURKEY Overall Objective The overall objective of the project is to eradicate FMD in Turkey to ensure a high level of animal health status like in the EU. Contracting period expires November 2009 Total budget: EUR Objectively Indicators Verifiable The rate of gradual decrease in FMD prevalence between years in Anatolia and OIE recognized FMD free statue with vaccination in Thrace in Project Purpose Objectively verifiable indicators Control of FMD in Turkey by mass vaccination policy in accordance with other EU control measures such as animal identification, movement and market controls. At the end of the project in 2010, OIE recognized free status with vaccination in Thrace will be acquired, Level of more than 90 % vaccination for bovine, sheep and goats in Anatolia will be realized. FMD Council directive 2003/85/EC and FMD contingency plan will be Disbursement period expires November 2009 PHARE Contribution: EUR Sources of Verification Commission Regular Reports in 2006 onwards OIE certificate for Thrace FMD free status with vaccination OIE monthly records in year MARA Documentation Sources of Verification Records of GDPC Communiqués published Project monitoring reports Assumptions Commitment towards Turkish accession to EU continues Enforced control measures are properly implemented Public awareness concerning FMD increased

15 fully operational by the end of project. Gradual decrease in the prevalence of FMD between years Protective antibody levels in animals due to vaccination The control measures enforced within the project life time Results Objectively verifiable indicators 1. Thrace region is recognized as officially FMD free by OIE. 2. The disease is taken under control in Anatolia with a high level of immunization of the main susceptible species. OIE certification for Thrace declaring free of FMD with vaccination Gradual decrease in the number of FMD outbreaks Number of NSP (+) animals Number of vaccinated animals Number of protected animals Sources of Verification - Monitoring Committee Reports - Information on GDPC web page - Regular Project reports - Reports of FMD task force - Documentation of MARA - Laboratory analysis reports Assumptions Activities Means Assumptions The actions will comprise vaccination, sero surveillance, control measures and cleaning and disinfection. Activities will be carried out through supply of laboratory equipment, Supply of vaccines- Vaccination campaigns: A FMD vaccination campaign for bovine and ovine 3 supply contracts for each year (each contract will be divided into 3 lots for vaccines and Commitment towards Turkish accession to EU continues Enforced control measures are properly implemented Public awareness concerning FMD increased Veterinary Framework Law in force. sheep and goat identification and registration system is operational storage facilities for vaccines are available Before 2006 sacrifice festival, control measures for 15

16 animals will be carried out under the control of the official veterinarians for 3 years to control the disease. These campaigns will be organized by the Central Competent Authority and implemented by the Provincial Authorities. Their administration to bovine and ovine animals will be carried out by the veterinarians working for the 81 province directorates or municipalities. The administration cost of the vaccines is not included in project budget. The vaccines procured will be delivered to province directorates by the contractor following the instructions of the Central Competent Authority. The number of doses which will be delivered to the province directorates will be decided by the Central Competent Authority on the basis of animal numbers in each province. The delivery of the vaccines to the province directorates will be carried out under cold chain before the implementation of each vaccination campaign. The storage of the vaccines under cold chain will be the responsibility of the province directorates throughout the vaccination campaign. The excessive doses will be sent back to the Central Competent Authority at the end of each vaccination campaign. Supply of vaccines to obtain result no. 1 - vaccination campaign in Thrace: Procurement and transportation of 3 million doses of bivalent FMD vaccines for bovine animals and 2.7 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for ovine animals. a) The approach for bovine animals: Each year two campaigns of vaccination (spring and autumn) for bovines will be carried out doses of bivalent vaccines for each campaign will be procured without prejudice of the use of trivalent vaccines in case of vaccination equipment) Thrace and Anatolia will be operational. slaughter places designated and collection centres established in Thrace by MARA. 16

17 occurrence of a new strain. b) The approach for sheep and goats: Each year one campaign of vaccination (spring) for sheep and goats will be carried out doses of bivalent vaccines for sheep and goats will be procured for each campaign without prejudice of the use of trivalent vaccines in case of occurrence of a new strain. Supply of vaccines to obtain result no. 2 - vaccination campaign in Anatolia: Procurement and transportation of 40 million doses of bivalent FMD vaccines and 13 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for bovine animals and 55 million doses of bivalent vaccines and 35 million doses of trivalent FMD vaccines for ovine animals. a) The approach for bovine animals: Each year two campaigns of vaccination (spring and autumn) for bovines will be carried out. 6.6 million doses of bivalent vaccines (A and O) and 2.1 million doses of trivalent vaccines (A, O and Asia 1) for each campaign are foreseen, without prejudice of the use of vaccines with an additional valence in case of occurrence of a new strain. b) The approach for sheep and goats: Each year one campaign of vaccination (spring) for sheep and goats will be carried out. 17 million doses of bivalent vaccines and 11 million doses of trivalent vaccines are foreseen for each campaign without prejudice of the use of vaccines with an additional valence in case of occurrence of a new strain. 17

18 Supply of vaccination equipment to obtain result no. 1, 2 - vaccination campaign in Thrace and Anatolia: In each year of the project, pieces of needles and pieces injectors for bovine, pieces of needles for sheep and goat vaccination in Thrace region will be procured. Moreover pieces of needles and pieces injectors for bovine, pieces of needles for sheep and goat vaccination in Anatolia will be procured in each year of the project Supply of equipment Sero-surveillance and control measures: Procurement of sampling and testing kits and reagents for sero-surveillance as regards FMD to identify the level of immunization. The sero-surveillance studies will be organized by the Central Competent Authority and samples will be collected by the official veterinarians working for the provincial directorates or municipalities and the tests will be carried out by the FMD Institute. To increase the efficiency of the vaccination campaign control measures will be taken Supply of equipment to obtain result no. 1 serosurveillance in Thrace: a) The approach for bovine animals: Evaluation of the survey design for the detection of virus circulation has already been made by the EUFMD (sample size) sera have to be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to 1 supply contract

19 non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. b) The approach for sheep and goats: In the third year of the project a stratified random survey for detection for virus circulation will be carried out in supplement of the survey in bovines and its statistical parameters are the same as for the bovines. The total number of samples shall be 9600, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. Control measures which will be taken by the Competent Authority: Only slaughter of animals (bovines, sheep and goats) directed to slaughterhouses will be authorized for movement from Anatolia into Thrace. This movement will be regulated in accordance with paragraph 1 to 5 of the article of the OIE Animal Health Code (Annex 6). By derogation, during sacrifice festival (Kurban Bayramı), movements to designated collection centres and designated slaughter places will be authorized. This derogation will be applied only for a limited period of time strictly necessary for the purpose of this event. Supply of equipment to obtain result no. 2 serosurveillance in Anatolia: a) The approach for bovine animals: Evaluation of the 19

20 survey design for the detection of virus circulation has already been made by the EU FMD (sample size) sera have to be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. b) The approach for sheep and goats: In the third year of the project a stratified random survey for detection for virus circulation; carried out in supplement of the survey in bovines and its statistical parameters the same as bovines. The total number of samples shall be collected and tested each year, not including the follow up in accordance with the OIE guidelines. Each serum will be tested for antibodies to non-structural proteins of FMDV to get disease prevalence and also tested for structural proteins of FMDV to figure out protective immunity levels in vaccinated animals. Control measures which will be taken by the Competent Authority: The illegal movement of animals from neighbouring countries is the major issue. In order to combat illegal cross border movements of animals, a Memorandum between the Ministry of Defence, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Finance and the Mara has been adopted in If more than 10 % of susceptible animals in a province are not compliance with Turkish rules, safeguard measures are adopted and applied. The expedition of susceptible animals from the provinces concerned will be 20

21 temporarily prohibited until the situation is corrected Supply of material Cleansing and Disinfection: Procurement of cleansing and disinfection material to be used by the provincial directorates for 3 years. Cleaning and disinfection following FMD outbreaks and animal markets and slaughterhouses will be ensured to increase the efficiency of vaccination campaign and control measures. Also cleaning and disinfection of the site and vehicles shall be ensured at all places where animals are collected and slaughtered. 1 supply contract Pre-conditions: Before launching the Vaccination Campaign Supply Contract, MARA should provide adequate preparation (cold storage) of the provincial directorates that are going to receive the vaccines. Before spring 2007 the minimum rules for the identification and registration of sheep and goats will be in place. 21

22 Annex 2 Implementation Schedule Components J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D Supply Contract 2007 Vaccination Campaign (vaccine + equipment) * Supply Contract 2008 Vaccination Campaign (vaccine + equipment) * Supply Contract 2009 Vaccination Campaign (vaccine + equipment) * Supply Contract Serosurveillance Equipment** Supply Contract Cleaning and Disinfection T C I I I P T T T T C C I I I T T T T C I I I T T T T C I I I P T T T T C C I I I 22

23 Material** P Preparation * Preparations will start June 2006, tendering will start in September 2006 T Tendering ** Preparations will start September 2006 C Contracting I Implementation 23

24 Annex 3 Contracting and Disbursement Schedule (quarterly-in euro) Date (at end of each project quarter) 31-Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec Mar Jun Sep Contracted Supply Contract Vaccination Campaign (vaccine equipment) Supply Contract Sero-surveillance Equipment Supply Contract Cleaning and Disinfection Material ,000, Disbursed Supply Contract Vaccination Campaign (vaccine + 6,000,00 equipment) 0 10,000, Supply Contract Sero-surveillance Equipment 0 200, , Supply Contract Cleaning and Disinfection Material 0 135,000 90,

25 Annex 4 THE EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL APPRAISAL OF FMD ERADICATION: Calculation of costs PHASES COST DUE TO FMD ( ) STABIL ENDEMIC PHASE ( ) (SEP) 112,832,785 ERADICATION PHASE ( ) (EP) 230,434,830 FREE PHASE ( ) (FP) 20,679,956 BENEFIT/COST SEP/EP SEP/FP YEARS STABIL ENDEMIC PHASE ( ) ( ) ERADICATION PHASE ( )( ) FREE PHASE ( )( ) 1 15,491,842 59,649,117 4,339, ,806,544 59,221,683 4,339, ,892,886 58,736,818 2,000, ,336,668 22,025,806 2,000, ,394,405 13,182,892 2,000, ,820,301 7,877,144 2,000, ,673,256 5,401,392 25

26 2,000, ,416,884 4,339,978 2,000,000 Colour codes Current situation according to OIE data 100 % Vaccination of whole ruminant population twice a year plus compensation of infected animals in outbreaks 10 % Vaccination of whole ruminant population and compensation of infected and susceptible 10 % Vaccination of whole ruminant population and assume no disease Assume no vaccination and disease 26

27 Phase 1. 1-COST DUE TO CURRENT CONTROL POLICY BASED ON STRATEGIC VACCINATION AND STABIL ENDEMIC SITUATION ( ) (SEP) Assumptions; 1. All FMD data submitted to OIE ( ) by Turkish government are reliable. Regarding non-notified outbreaks, I estimated the cost of one outbreak so that if someone has any idea how many non-notified outbreaks are then we multiply to figure out the real situation % of all cattle are dairy cows in an outbreak. 3. Average milk yield of Turkish cow is 1700 kg/year. 4. Average quarantine time in FMD outbreak is 2 months. 5. Milk price is 0,24 E (producers price) 6. All the milk in outbreak area is destroyed. 7. Average production lost of an infected cattle is 160 E and for sheep 15 E. According to below study, you may get it from Mustafa Tufan. Detailed Investigations, Using Farmer Interviews, to assess the Losses caused by FMD Outbreaks in Turkey. Adibes, M., Taylor, N., Tufan, M., et al. SAP Enstitusu, Eskisehir Yolu. 7 Km. Ankara, Turkey. Pages June (A study carried out between and supported by the Turkish-German (GTZ) Technical Cooperation Project). 8. All dead animals are destroyed. 9. Average price of a cattle is 1000 E and for sheep 100 E. 10. Costs of medical treatments applied to infected animals for cattle 15 E, for sheep 3 E 11. Vaccination costs are part of costs due to FMD 12. Cost of vaccination is 1 E (including vaccine itself and other things) for cattle and 0, 5 E for sheep. 13. Costs due to combat activity for an outbreak (disinfectants, travel, personnel, etc., except vaccinations) is 2 million Euros. (according to Zafer Zöğ s thesis, The epidemiology and economics of FMD control in Turkey, University of Reading) Unknown Yearly cost of international trade restrictions due to FMD. (exportation of milk and milk products, meat and meat products, leather, poultry products, etc.) Phase 2 2-COST DUE TO ERADICATION ACTIVITIES ( ) (EP) a. COST DUE TO OF 100 %GENERAL VACCINATION + SLAUGHTER OF CASES b. COST DUE TO OF SUPPRESIVE&STRATEGIC VACCINATION + SLAUGHTER OF ALL SUSCEPTIBLES c. COST DUE TO STRATEGIC VACCINATION Assumptions: 1. Numbers of animals and outbreaks in 2006 is calculated as an average of Starting 2006, numbers of affected animals and outbreaks is gradually decreased in every year as a result of eradication studies (10%, 15%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, %80). 3. Costs due to combat activity for an outbreak (disinfectants, travel, personnel, etc., except vaccinations) is 2 million Euros. (according to Zafer Zöğ s thesis, The epidemiology and economics of FMD control in Turkey, University of Reading) 4. For compensation, average price of a cattle is 1000 E and for sheep 100 E. 5. In , only infected animals and death animals are slaughtered and compensated. 6. In , all infected and susceptible animals in the outbreak are slaughtered and compensated. 7. In , 100 % general vaccination including sheep and goats are applied. 8. In , suppressive vaccinations along with strategic vaccination are applied. 27

28 9. Efficiency of vaccine is 100% 10. In 2013, only strategic vaccination is applied. Phase 3 3-COST DURING FREE PHASE ( ) (FP) Assumptions: 1. In 2014, 2015, only strategic vaccination is applied. 2. In 2015, FMD free status with vaccination is gained. 3. In 2017, FMD free status without vaccination is gained. 4. Cost due to surveillance of FMD is 2 million Euros a year. Unknowns Potential income from international trade after gaining FMD free status and abolishment of restrictions (Exportation of milk and milk products, meat and meat products, leather, poultry products, etc.) BENEFIT/COST of SEP/FP is

29 Annex - 5 List of relevant EU/OIE Legislation COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2003/85/EC of 29 September 2003 on Community measures for the control of foot-and-mouth disease Terrestrial Animal Health Code of FMD Article Transfer of FMD susceptible animals from an infected zone to a free zone within a country. List of relevant TR Legislation Animal Health and Surveillance Law No: 3285 published at the Official Gazette No: on Annex - 6 Reference list of relevant strategic plans and studies The strategy for the control of the disease is given in the proposal itself and the strategy for the eradication of FMD developed by the project Support to the Alignment of Turkey to the EU Veterinary Acquis ( TR ) is taken from the Animal disease control in Turkey - an outline of fields of reforms and strategy paper and summarized below: 7. Implementation strategy and timeline Strategy: For implementation of animal disease control and eradication programs the following terms are assumed to be valid: The implementation of eradication programs must be ranked. according to the administrative and financial capacities Priority for eradication shall have zoonotic, multi species diseases such as Brucellosis, Tuberculosis and Foot and mouth disease The control and eradication program for TB and BR shall start as a herd free program in selected provinces (pilot) and be extended gradually. The control and eradication program for TB and BR shall start first. The control and eradication program for TB and BR is laid out as a min. 20 years program FMD eradication program shall start as a mass vaccination program (vaccination of all cattle and sheep) as proposed, if the conditions as described in chapter 4 and 5 are prepared. The eradication program for FMD is laid out as a min. 10 year program (5 year mass vaccination, 5 years outbreak and strategic vaccination). It is aspired to join after 10 years the EU non vaccination policy. All eradication programs shall be scientifically accompanied and regularly evaluated 29

30 TIMELINE for implementation of FMD and TB/BR eradication programs Detailed specification of TB and BR eradication program Funding, Compensation schemes Detailed Preparation of administration Selection of pilot provinces Design of scientific escort Start BR / TB eradication program yearly extension scientific escort and evaluation scientific escort and evaluation Funds Farm registration and animal ID Preparation of administrative preconditions Start mass vaccination Amelioration of notification system Upgrading of vaccine production strategic vaccination Non vaccination policy (2018) Detailed preparation of FMD eradication program 30

31 ANNEX - 7 Detailed Information Regarding the Disease Situation and Implemented Control Eradication Programmes FMD is a highly contagious viral vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Although seldom lethal in adult animals, it causes serious production losses and is a major constraint to international trade in livestock and livestock products. Severe mortality may occur in young stock, particularly lambs and piglets. Recent situation in Turkey Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is economically the most important disease causing significant losses in Turkey. FMD continued to be endemic in Turkey where 44 outbreaks have been reported in FMDV serotypes (O, A) and 2 subtypes of A (A96 and A99) have been detected in Turkey during 2003, but no FMD case reported in Thrace since April Detailed situation is summarized below tables. Significance and prevalence of the disease: FMD is endemic in Turkey. Outbreaks may happen at any time at any location. The notified outbreaks and locations of outbreaks are shown in Picture outbreaks in 29 provinces outbreaks in 21 provinces outbreaks in 23 provinces outbreaks in 30 provinces Beside the notified outbreaks, FMD outbreaks happen, which do not get notified. According to reports FMD outbreaks do not get notified, because the imposition of measures is impossible, because of insufficient transport or equipment for official veterinarians to investigate is available, because of fast solution with vaccination of surrounding, because of no heavy disease impact (rest immunity still prevalent because of stabile endemic FMD situation). The latter may as well explain the low number of animals involved in reported FMD outbreaks. The table below shows the animals involved in notified FMD outbreaks from 2001 to Table 1: Number of animals involved in FMD outbreaks (source: GDPC) Susceptible Bovine Susceptible Ovine Infected Bovine Infected Ovine Died bovine Died ovine Destroyed bovine Destroyed ovine

32 OFFICIAL CONTROL PROGRAMME AGAINST FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE FOR YEAR Provincial directorates will operate according to rules, defined in 108 th article of Animal Health and Surveillance Law No 3285, to prevent Foot and Mouth Disease outbreak and its spread out in their regions Type of virus will be written in disease start and finish reports, cordon and quarantine measures about the disease will be carried out actively Epidemiologic studies will be considered important, filiations point will be defined by making source researchers, surveillance and active field studies To reveal the damage that Foot and Mouth Disease cause for country s economy and to make it possible more realistic plans to be done for following years, all cases will be denounced. Pathological materials (tongue, lip, palatium, nasal mucosa; mammaliar epithelium and in later cases interdigital epithelium) that were taken according to rules must be sent to Foot and Mouth Disease Directorship as soon as possible to identify the serotype from these sources, for early warning, early diagnosis and to take the measures at the right time In the sources that disease starts Animal Health and Officer Law will be fully performed and if it is needed neighbourhood vaccination will be made when it is possible slaughtering of the sick animals will be encouraged In Kars, Ardahan, Iğdır, Van, Hakkari and Şırnak provinces an intensive observation will be obtained by periodically disease scanning, to identify the possible Foot and Mouth Diseases that can enter Turkey and to make measures possible to be taken before In vaccination of young animals, the programme that informed on the prospectus of Foot and Mouth Disease vaccine will be fit. For this, first vaccination will be performed on cattles that completed their 4. months, second vaccination will be performed at 1 month after first vaccination and vaccinations after this will be performed at 1 time per 6 months. Cattles that will be transported are vaccinated again if they completed their 4 months and they can be transported at 14th. day after the vaccine performed Intensive vaccination will be performed in campaign for providing enough protection against to Foot and Mouth Disease at country level. The vaccine that contains at least 3 types including O1 Manisa + A Aydın 98 (homologue with A Iran 96) + Asia 1 serotypes will be used in Artvin, Ardahan, Kars, Erzurum, Iğdır, Ağrı, Muş, Bitlis, Van, Batman, Siirt, Şırnak, Hakkari, Mardin, Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Hatay, Kilis and Diyarbakır cities. Bivalane vaccine that includes O1 Manisa + A Aydın 98 (homologue with A Iran 96) serotypes will be used in other areas. Vaccines will be demanded according to animal population that determined on the programme for every campaign period All cattle in all cities will be vaccinated 2 times in a year (spring and autumn period) The strategic vaccination will be performed on cattles in Trabzon, Rize, Artvin, Giresun, Ordu, Bartın cities, shore districts of Kastamonu that are named Abana, Bozkurt, Cide, Çatalzeytin, Doğanyurt, İnebolu, the cities where contamination risk is more and animal transportation is intensive in autumn campaign period Active surveillance will be performed, animal transportation will be controlled completely and quarantine implementation will be performed carefully, in cities where strategic vaccination was performed. In spite of these measures if the disease has seen, Foot and 32

33 Mouth Disease vaccine will have been performed on animals that are unvaccinated and their vaccination date passed over 4 months Campaign vaccinations will be started with taking the Media s attention to provide public support which needed, and will be finished as soon as possible FMD vaccines which will be applied in and out of the campaign period, through the projected program, will be required from Directory of FMD Institute without giving information to General Directory In the condition of giving information early about the vaccination application areas, the FMD vaccines of the firms that have import permission and product and trade permission from Ministry can be used The vaccines for vaccination campaign from FMD Institute will not be sent back After the spring FMD vaccination campaign, there will be made sero-survey studies in all over the country to determine the immunity rate of the animals There will be made assessment meetings after the vaccination campaign In the Thrace Region, going through vaccinated exemption from Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is aimed, along with the campaign styled intensive vaccination in this region against FMD, slaughtering method will be applied to infected animals at the focus points. The slaughtering method will be applied to animals which are identified according to The Regulation On The Identification, Registration and Tracing of the Bovine Type Animals authority, applied FMD vaccine and transported in order to law. According to 134th article, (g) item of Animal Health and Officer Law (HSZKY) numbered 3285, in the Thrace Region, whole of the appreciated value of the animals, that show the obvious symptoms of the disease and that will be killed or slaughtered after the existence and the type of the disease is diagnosed by the laboratories, the three fourth of the appreciated value of the animals that does not show the obvious symptoms of the disease but have been slaughtered after the disease s diagnosis in the laboratories, will be paid. The situations which were defined at the 42nd item of Animal Health and Officer Law No 3285 will not be compensated. So, there must be kept attention to animal transports to Thrace, the duration of immunity after the vaccination will be waited, animal movements out of permission must be blocked, there must be kept care of controlling the animal trading areas and animal markets. According to 108 th article of Animal Health and Officer Law No 3285; animals that killed or dead suffered from the FMD will be buried 2 m. depth holes by pouring quick lime over them. If it is not possible, bodies will be cremated Keeping the controls close at the border regions that animals and animal products movements happens, undoubtly following closely the focuses and taking the measures, will be provided Appearing seems at the field will be followed closely, where else required changing the strains will be done Autumn period of the small ruminant FMD vaccination campaign, apply at February, March, and April The medicines that necessary to use against the shocks that happens during the FMD vaccination has to be with the vaccination team/crew as ready to use Vaccines that bought from the private firms have to be the same as projected at the regions agenda /programme 33

34 It s determined that animals, vaccinated by the self employed veterinary surgeon and transferred, keep the FMD at the places that have been sent. For this reason, unless transported animals vaccinations, done by self employed veterinary surgeon, especially from the cities where animal transportation is intensive such as, Ağrı, Ardahan, Çorum, Erzurum, Kars, Tokat, Van; Directorate of Province and Districts shall issue domestic Veterinary Transport reports for animal transports and shall choose one from each 10 trucks responsed to 10% of the transported animals and take blood from all animals in the truck. Blood samples shall be sent to Directorate of FMD Institute under appropriate conditions by Directorate of Province and Districts. Trade name, type (Bivalan-Trivalan), date of applications to animals, expiration date and serial number of vaccinations, applied to transported animals under permission, shall be reported to the Institute with blood serums. Table 2: FMD vaccination coverage in Year Species Ruminant population Vaccine coverage (%) 2003 bov/bf ,7 o/c , bov ,4 o/c , bov ,9 o/c , bov ,8 o/c , bov ,2 ovi , bov ,1 ovi , bov ,9 ovi , bov ,0 ovi ,9 34

35 Table 3: Provincial ruminant population in Thrace and Anatolia according to 2004 data LARGE RUMINANTS SMALL RUMINANTS PROVINCE CATTLE CALF BUFFOLA TOTAL SHEEP GOAT TOTAL THRACE (including trivial parts of Anatolia regarding population) EDIRNE ISTANBUL KIRKLARELI TEKIRDAG CANAKKALE THRACİA TOT ANATOLIA ADANA ADIYAMAN AFYON AGRI AMASYA ANKARA ANTALYA ARTVIN AYDIN BALIKESIR BILECIK BINGOL BITLIS BOLU BURDUR BURSA CANKIRI CORUM DENIZLI DIYARBAKIR ELAZIG ERZINCAN ERZURUM ESKISEHIR GAZIANTEP GIRESUN GUMUSHANE HAKKARI HATAY ISPARTA MERSİN IZMIR KARS KASTAMONU KAYSERI KIRSEHIR KOCAELI

36 KONYA KUTAHYA MALATYA MANISA K.MARAS MARDIN MUGLA MUS NEVSEHIR NIGDE ORDU RIZE SAKARYA SAMSUN SIIRT SINOP SIVAS TOKAT TRABZON TUNCELI S.URFA USAK VAN YOZGAT ZONGULDAK AKSARAY BAYBURT KARAMAN KIRIKKALE BATMAN SIRNAK BARTIN ARDAHAN IGDIR YALOVA KARABÜK KILIS OSMANIYE DÜZCE ANATOLIA TOT TURKEY TOTAL

37 Table 4 Notified FMD outbreaks and locations FMD OUTBREAKS IN TURKEY, 2002 FMD OUTBREAKS IN TURKEY, 2003 FMD OUTBREAKS IN TURKEY,