High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)"

Transcription

1 Tarbiat Modares University High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Hamid AghaAlinejad, PhD Associate Prof. of Exercise Physiology

2 2 Introduction HIIT refers to exercise that is characterized by relatively short bursts of vigorous activity, interspersed by periods of rest or lowintensity exercise for recovery.

3 OVERLOAD Unless the body is subjected to increased demands, improvements in physical fitness will not be made.

4 EFFICIENCY The efficiency principle refers to costbenefit analysis of training. Examples of efficient exercise training; High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Resistance training with Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)

5 5 introduction The specific physiological adaptations induced by HIIT determined by: The mode of exercise Exercise intensity Exercise duration The number of intervals performed The duration of recovery The activity patterns during recovery

6 6 سازگاری های ناشی از تمرین اینتروال شدید )HIIT( افزایش سوبستراهاي عضله دسترس در اجراي HIIT موجب افزايش سوبسترهاي در دسترس عضله مي شود. روداس و همکاران )2000( افزايش معنادار فسفوکراتين )31 درصد( و گليکوژن عضالني )32 درصد( پس از 2 هفته HIIT روزانه شامل تکرارهاي 15 ثانيه اي با شدت تمام با 45 ثانيه استراحت بين هر تکرار به عالوه تکرارهاي 30 ثانيه اي آزمون وینگيت با استراحت 12 دقيقه اي بين هر تکرار گزارش کردند. Rodas G, Ventura JL, Cadefau JA, et al A short training programme for the rapid improvement of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Eur J Appl Physiol; 82(56):

7 7 طرح پژوهشی روداس و همکاران )2000(

8 8 17 HIIT 8 همکاران و بارنت )2004( هفته کردند مشاهده افزايش موجب درصدی محتواي استراحتي گليکوژن شد. عضالني Barnett C, Carey M, Proietto J, et al Muscle metabolism during sprint exercise in man: influence of sprint training. J Sci Med Sport; 7(3): ( همکاران و بورگومستر )2005( محتواي افزايش استراحتي گليکوژن عضله درصد( 4 74( آزمون 30 2 با را 6 جلسه HIIT در طول هفته وهله دقيقه با وینگيت اي ثانيه کردند. گزارش جلسه( هر در ها وهله بين ریكاوري Burgomaster KA, Hughes SC, Heigenhauser GJ, et al Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans. J Appl Physiol; 98(6):

9 . 9 Burgomaster K A et al. J Appl Physiol 2005;98:

10 10 2 هفته برنامه فعاليت سبک در جيباال و همکاران )2006( افزايش محتواي تمرين )64 HIIT وهله آزمون وینگيت با 4 هر جلسه( گزارش کردند. گليکوژن عضالني در دقيقه ریكاوري غيرفعال اثر و يا Gibala MJ, Little JP, van Essen M, et al Shortterm sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. J Physiol; 575(Pt 3):

11 ( همکاران و بورگومستر )2006( افزايش گليکوژن عضالني با را درصد( 4 30 هفتهHIIT )74 آزمون وهله وهله بين ریكاوري دقيقه با وینگيت اي ثانيه کردند گزارش ها(. Burgomaster KA, Heigenhauser GJ, Gibala MJ Effect of shortterm sprint interval training on human skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during exercise and timetrial performance. J Appl Physiol; 100(6):

12 12 بورگومستر و همکاران )2008( افزايش )64 HIIT وهله آزمون وینگيت با گزارش کردند. محتوای گليکوژن و فسفوکراتين 4/5 دقيقه ریكاوري بين وهله را پس ها در از 6 هفته هر جلسه( Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, et al Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physiol; 586(1):

13 13 آنزیمي فعاليت تغيير در از مهم ترين تغييرات زيست شيميايي تغيير درگير در تمرين است. اجراي HIIT موجب هوازي و بي هوازي مي شود. در ميزان و فعاليت آنزيم هاي مختلف افزايش در فعاليت هر دوي آنزيم هاي مک دوگال و همکاران )1998( افزايش معنادار فعاليت آنزيم هاي هگزوکيناز فسفوفروکتوکيناز سيترات سينتاز سوکسينات دهيدروژناز و ماالت دهيدروژناز را پس از 7 هفته )104 HIIT وهله آزمون 30 ثانيه اي وینگيت در هر جلسه( گزارش و نتيجه گيري کردند HIIT مي تواند موجب افزايش هر دوي آنزيم هاي اکسايشي و گليکوليتيکي شود. MacDougall JD, Hicks AL, MacDonald JR, et al Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training. J Appl Physiol; 84(6):

14 14 MacDougall J D et al. J Appl Physiol 1998;84:

15 15 بورگومستر و همکاران )2006( افزايش حداکثر فعاليت سيترات سينتاز را با 2 هفته HIIT )74 وهله آزمون 30 ثانيه اي وینگيت با 4 دقيقه ریكاوري بين وهله ها( گزارش کردند. همچنين پيروات دهيدروژناز )PDH( در پس از تمرينات باالتر بود. Burgomaster KA, Heigenhauser GJ, Gibala MJ Effect of shortterm sprint interval training on human skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during exercise and timetrial performance. J Appl Physiol; 100(6):

16 16 بورگومستر و همکاران )2008( افزايش مقدار پروتئين پيروات دهيدروژناز و حداکثر فعاليت 3 هيدروکسي آسيل کوآنزیم آ دهيدروژناز و محتواي پروتيين PGC1α را پس از 6 هفته )46 HIIT وهله آزمون وینگيت با 4/5 دقيقه ریكاوري بين وهله ها در هر جلسه( گزارش کردند. Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, et al Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physiol; 586(1):

17 17 تارها نوع در تغيير اثر HIIT در نيمرخ تغيير بيان کرد. تارهاي سازگارهاي از ديگر يکي توان مي را عضالني در شده ايجاد جاکوبز و همکاران )1987( به دنبال 6 هفته )62 HIIT وهله 15 ثانيه اي با تمام شدت و 2 6 وهله 30 ثانيه ي با تمام شدت روي چرخ کارسنج( افزايش معنادار درصد تارهاي تند تنش اکسایشي )FTa( و کاهش غيرمعنادار تارهاي کند تنش )ST( را گزارش کردند. Jacobs I, Esbjörnsson M, Sylvén C, et al Sprint training effects on muscle myoglobin, enzymes, fiber types, and blood lactate. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 19(4): همچنين جانسون و همکاران )1990( اثر 64 هفته HIIT )آزمون 30 ثانيه وينگيت( را بر نسبت تارها بررسي کردند. آن ها افزایش تارهاي نوع 2 را از 32 درصد به 38 درصد و کاهش تارهاي نوع 1 را از 57 درصد به 48 درصد گزارش کردند. Jansson E, Esbjörnsson M, Holm I, et al Increase in the proportion of fasttwitch muscle fibres by sprint training in males. Acta Physiol Scand.; 140(3):

18 18 لينوسير و همکاران )1993( افزایش تارهاي کند تنش و کاهش تارهاي تند تنش نوع b را با 7 هفته HIIT )تکرارهاي 5 ثانيه اي با شدت تمام با 55 ثانيه استراحت بين تکرارها( گزارش کردند. آنان اين را واکنشي سازشي براي ظرفيت اکسايشي بيش تر با HIIT بيان کردند. Linossier MT, Denis C, Dormois D, et al Ergometric and metabolic adaptation to a 5s sprint training programme. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol; 67(5): HIIT که 6 همکاران و داوسون )1998( کردند گزارش هفته نوع تارهاي نسبت نوع 1 تارهاي و افزایش را گونه ي به را معناداري دهد. مي کاهش 2 Dawson B, Fitzsimons M, Green S, et al Changes in performance, muscle metabolites, enzymes and fibre types after short sprint training. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol; 78(2):

19 19 آلمير و همکاران )1994( که از آزمون 30 ثانيه اي وينگيت به عنوان پروتکل )3 HIIT وهله وینگيت با 2 دقيقه استراحت بين وهله ها( استفاده کردند گزارش کردند که درصد زنجيره سنگين ميوزین )MHC( تارهاي FTb تمايل به کاهش در حالي که درصد MHC تارهاي نوع FTa تمايل به افزایش داشت. Allemeier CA, Fry AC, Johnson P, et al Effects of sprint cycle training on human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol, 77(5): ( HIIT 6 همکاران و فرانچ )1998( هفته با تکرار با اي ثانيه تارهاي نوع تغيير عدم تکرارها( بين ریکاوری ثانيه کردند. گزارش را عضالني Franch J, Madsen K, Djurhuus MS, et al Improved running economy following intensified training correlates with reduced ventilatory demands. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 30(8):

20 20 ذخيره ميوگلوبين ذخاير ميوگلوبين ممکن است با افزايش اکسيژن مصرفي در طول HIIT مرتبط باشد. بارگيري دوباره ذخایر ميوگلوبين در مراحل ریكاوري مي تواند اکسيژن در دسترس را در وهله هاي تناوبي بعدي افزایش دهد. اين سازوکار مي تواند تاحدودي توجيه کننده اين نکته باشد که چرا افراد تمرين کرده مي توانند تکرارهاي بيش تري را در پي HIIT انجام دهند. گرين و همکاران )2000( گزارش کردند سطوح ميوگلوبين در پاسخ به فشارهاي هایپوکسي افزايش مي يابد. اين احتمال وجود دارد که در پي HIIT هايپوکسي ايجاد شده بتواند موجب افزايش سطوح ميوگلوبين شود. Green H, Tupling R, Roy B, et al. Adaptations in skeletal muscle exercise metabolism to a sustained session of heavy intermittent exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2000; 278: E

21 21 سازگاري هاي عصبي از منظر سازگاري هاي عصبي نيز تغييراتي با اين نوع تمرينات در فعال سازي واحدهاي حرکتي ايجاد مي شود. جانسون و همکاران )1990( بيان کردند تغيير ترکيب نوع تارها ممکن است با الگوي تغيير فعال سازي نوع تار عضالني )افزایش تواتر تحریک( مرتبط باشد. Jansson E, Esbjörnsson M, Holm I, et al Increase in the proportion of fasttwitch muscle fibres by sprint training in males. Acta Physiol Scand.; 140(3):

22 22 در اين رابطه کرير و همکاران )2004( افزایش ميزان فعال سازي واحدهاي حرکتي )با ثبت )EMG را پس از 4 هفته HIIT ) 104 وهله رکاب زدن 30 ثانيه اي با شدت تمام با 4 دقيقه ریكاوري فعال بين وهله ها( گزارش کردند. Creer AR, Ricard MD, Conlee RK, et al Neural, metabolic, and performance adaptations to four weeks of high intensity sprintinterval training in trained cyclists. Int J Sports Med; 25(2):9298. )NVC( HIIT است شده داده نشان چنين هم موجب افزایش سرعت عصبي هدایت )MVC( و سرعت عضالني هدایت شود. مي Ross A, Leveritt M, Riek S, Neural Influences on Sprint Running: Training Adaptations and Acute Responses. Sports Med, 31(6):

23 23 HIIT 53 همکاران و بوچيت )2008( برنامه هفته اثر عملکرد بر را پاراسمپاتيکي نوجوانان در عملکرد بهبود ها آن کردند. بررسي کرده تمرين پاراسمپاتيکي کردند. گزارش را ورزشي فعاليت از پس Buchheit M, Millet GP, Parisy A, et al Supramaximal Training and Postexercise Parasympathetic Reactivation in Adolescents. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, 40(2):

24 24 هورمونی هاي سازگاري بوتکازو و همکاران )2006( اثر 6 ماه HIIT )تکرارهاي 8030 متر( را بر اجراي سرعتي و غلظت هاي پالسمايي آدرنالين و نورآدرنالين در دختران نوجوان بررسي کردند. پس از HIIT حداکثر غلظت آدرنالين به نسبت پيش از تمرين افزايش يافت. HIIT 6 ماه دهد مي نشان ها يافته اين آدرنالين پاسخ و اجرا افزایش موجب شود مي شديد ورزشي فعاليت به Botcazou M, Zouhal H, Jacob C, et al Effect of training and detraining on catecholamine responses to sprint exercise in adolescent girls. Eur J Appl Physiol, 97: 6875.

25 25 همکاران و مکل )2009( پاسخ کوتيزول و تستوسترون جلسه يک به را سرمي 80 تکرار 250 حداکثر درصد با متر سرعت( ها آن کردند. بررسي 4( HIIT افزایش کاهش و تستوسترون کورتيزول کردند. گزارش را سرمي Meckel Y, Eliakim A, Seraev M, et al The effect of a brief sprint interval exercise on growth factors and inflammatory mediators. J Strength Conditioning Res; 23(1): HIIT 4 همکاران و فرزاد )2011( هفته دنبال به افزایش تستوسترون نسبت تام )TCR( تستوسترون کورتيزول به تام نسبت و تستوسترون کورتيزول به آزاد کاهش و کردند. گزارش را کورتيزول )FTCR( Farzad B, Gharakhanlou R, AghaAlinejad H, Curbay DC, Bayati M, Bahraminejad M, Maestu J.(2011). Physiological and Performance Changes from the Addition of a Sprint Interval Program to Wrestling Training. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(9):

26 26 Types of HIIT Shortterm HIIT. In untrained and recreationally active individuals Longterm HIIT. In trained and elite athletes

27 27 lowvolume HIIT in untrained & recreationally active individuals The most common model employed in lowvolume HIIT: Wingate Test, which consists of 30 s of allout cycling (4 6 work bouts separated by a few minutes of recovery, for a total of 2 3 min of intense exercise spread over a training session that lasts 20 min.) Burgomaster et al. (2005) showed that subjects doubled the length of time that exercise could be maintained at a fixed submaximal workload from 26 to 51 min during cycling at 80% of pretraining VO 2 max after only 2 weeks of HIIT.

28 28 Physiological adaptations to 6 sessions of Wingate based HIIT over 2 weeks: Enhanced skeletal muscle oxidative capacity as reflected by the maximal activity and/or protein content of mitochondrial enzymes Improvements in VO2 max Enhanced peripheral vascular structure and function Reduced rate of glycogen utilization Reduced lactate production Increased capacity for wholebody and skeletal muscle lipid oxidation Increased muscle content of metabolic transport proteins van Loon LJC, Meeusen R (eds): Limits of Human Endurance. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser, vol 76, pp 51 60, ( DOI: / ) Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG., Basel, 2013

29 29 A more practical protocol; The protocol consists of 10 60second work bouts at a constantload intensity that elicits 90% of MHR, interspersed with 60 s of recovery. the model is also effective at inducing rapid skeletal muscle remodeling towards a more oxidative phenotype. Little JP, Safdar A, Wilkin GP, et al: A practical model of lowvolume highintensity interval training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle: potential mechanisms. J Physiol 2010; 588:

30 30 Why HIIT in untrained & recreationally active individuals HIIT accelerates the adaptation to training HIIT may be especially beneficial early in a training intervention in such populations, and may be supplemented with traditional aerobic training later on to maximize training adaptations. HIIT provides infinite variety, with the number, duration and intensity of each of the work bouts being adjustable, along with the duration and intensity of the recovery intervals.

31 31 Coyle s model Endurance performance is a function of TheVO2max, Efficiency (exercise economy), and The fractional utilization of the VO2max. While longer term HIIT may invoke central cardiovascular adaptations, it appears that the short term HIIT mainly stimulates peripheral muscle metabolic adaptations. Coyle EF: Integration of the physiological factors determining endurance performance ability. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1995; 23:

32 32 Coyle s model In terms of Coyle s model, HIITinduced improvements in substrate utilization and oxidative energy turnover may therefore enhance endurance capacity by increasing the fractional utilization of the VO2max.

33 33 Highvolume HIIT in Highly Trained Individuals The precise nature of the HIIT stimulus has varied from repeated intervals lasting up to 5 min at an intensity eliciting 80% VO2max to 30second efforts at an allout pace or power outputs corresponding to 175% of VO2max.

34 34 Research finding One of the first studies to demonstrate the beneficial effect of HIIT on performance in trained subjects was conducted by Acevedo and Goldfarb (1989). 7 competitive male distance runners; 8 weeks; 3 days per week; intervals at 90 95% of MHR or Fartlek style workouts, whereas they maintained their habitual continuous runs on the other days of the week. Results: 10km race time improved after the intervention by over 1 min from 35:27 to 34:24, despite no change in VO2max. Acevedo EO, Goldfarb AH: Increased training intensity effects on plasma lactate, ventilatory threshold, and endurance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989; 21:

35 35 Research finding 6 to 9week period; a group of runners replaced approximately one quarter of their normal training volume with 12 30s allout sprint runs; 3 4 times per week; and a group continued their normal endurance training ( 55 km/week). Results: VO2max was not altered; however, the HIIT intervention improved 3 km (from 10.4 to 10.1 min) and 10 km run time (from 37.3 to 36.3 min), whereas the control group showed no change in performance. Bangsbo J, Gunnarsson TP, Wendell J, et al: Reduced volume and increased training intensity elevate muscle Na+K+ pump alpha2subunit expression as well as short and longterm work capacity in humans. J Appl Physiol 2009; 107:

36 36 The mechanisms of performance improvements after HIIT The mechanisms responsible for the observed performance improvements after HIIT in highly trained individuals are likely different compared to less trained subjects. HIIT in highly trained subjects improves Skeletal muscle buffering capacity, and Na + /K + pump activity may help to preserve cell excitability and force production, thereby delay fatigue development during intense exercise

37 37 HIIT planning consideration 1) It is recommended that HIIT be used periodically as an additional stimulus to adaptation, perhaps every 8 10 weeks and/or in the taper period prior to a major competition. 2) It has been proposed that a polarized approach to training, in which 75% of total training volume be performed at low intensities, with 10 15% performed at very high intensities may be the optimal training intensity distribution for elite athletes who compete in intense endurance events.

38 38 HIIT planning consideration It is feasible that Performing HIIT in hypoxia might further increase the signaling which results in enhanced angiogenesis or mitochondrial biogenesis. Several nutritional ergogenic aids including caffeine, creatine, nitrate, sodium bicarbonate and βalanine, alone or in combination, during HIIT could theoretically facilitate training quality and thus result in an improved training outcome.

39 39 HIIT planning consideration A Model for the Interference Phenomenon

40 40 HIIT protocols The Little/Gibala protocol goes as follows: 60 seconds high intensity 75 seconds recovery Repeat for 8 12 cycles Total time: minutes 6 sessions over 2 weeks Outcomes; Improves in VO2max Improves in time trial performance Increases in mitochondrial enzymes

41 HIIT protocols The Tabata protocol: 20 seconds high intensity 10 seconds recovery Repeat for 8 cycles Total time: 4 minutes 5 times per week over 6 weeks 41 Outcomes; Tabata found that the 4 minute Tabata routine was comparable to 60 minutes of cycling at 70% MHR when measuring improvements in VO2 max. However, when assessing improvements in anaerobic threshold, the CT cyclists had not experienced any improvements, whereas the Tabata subjects had increases in anaerobic capacity by 28%.

42 42 HIIT Modes Walking Running Cycling Rowing Skipping Stair Climbing Stepping Swimming Boxing Kettlebells Bodyweight Circuits

43 43 HIIT Modes

44 44 Thanks for your attention

Nutritional Strategies to Support Adaptation to High-Intensity Interval Training in Team Sports

Nutritional Strategies to Support Adaptation to High-Intensity Interval Training in Team Sports Tipton KD, van Loon LJC (eds): Nutritional Coaching Strategy to Modulate Training Efficiency. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser, vol 75, pp 41 49, ( DOI: 10.1159/000345817 ) Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S. Karger AG.,

More information

T 3 T 4 چكيده هستند. آدرس: ايميل:

T 3 T 4 چكيده هستند. آدرس: ايميل: T 4 T 3 تاثير تمرينات هوازي بيشينه و زير بيشينه بر هورمون هاي و TSH در مردان جوان فعال 1 3 2 1 منيژه پازوكيان دكتر مقصود پيري دكتر محمدعلي آذربايجاني محمدعلي كهنپور 1. كارشناس ارشد گروه فيزيولوژي ورزش

More information

Relentless Training that lasts for 24 minutes

Relentless Training that lasts for 24 minutes What is RT24 Relentless Training that lasts for 24 minutes RT24 is a, No Nonsense, Science Based, Results Driven, and Measureable Training System. We work on a very simple training philosophy: to achieve

More information

Chapter 14: Improving Aerobic Performance

Chapter 14: Improving Aerobic Performance Chapter 14: Improving Aerobic Performance Thought Questions Why would aerobic athletes perform resistance training exercises? What are advantages and disadvantages of Fartlek training? What are advantages

More information

UTILIZING HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING TO ENHANCE COMMUNITY HEALTH

UTILIZING HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING TO ENHANCE COMMUNITY HEALTH UTILIZING HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING TO ENHANCE COMMUNITY HEALTH Maximizing time to promote greater Community health benefits Mr. James Simpson, CPT, CSN, CGI Executive Director THE BODY BRIGADE

More information

Specific Intensity for Peaking: Is Race Pace the Best Option?

Specific Intensity for Peaking: Is Race Pace the Best Option? Asian J Sports Med. 2015 September; 6(3): e24900. Published online 2015 September 23. DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.24900 Research Article Specific Intensity for Peaking: Is Race Pace the Best Option? Iker Munoz,

More information

اثر شدت تمرين مقاومتي دايرهاي بر نسبت سطح پلاسمايي زنان جوان سالم

اثر شدت تمرين مقاومتي دايرهاي بر نسبت سطح پلاسمايي زنان جوان سالم مجلهي غدد درونريز و متابوليسم ايران دانشگاه علوم پزشكي و خدمات بهداشتي درماني شهيد بهشتي دورهي دوازدهم شمارهي ۶ صفحههاي ۶۳۲ ۶۲۶ (اسفند ۱۳۸۹) اثر شدت تمرين مقاومتي دايرهاي بر نسبت سطح پلاسمايي زنان جوان

More information

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) for 4 Weeks with and without L-Arginine Supplementation on the Performance of Women s Futsal Players

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) for 4 Weeks with and without L-Arginine Supplementation on the Performance of Women s Futsal Players Quarterly of the Horizon of Medical Sciences Volume 21, Issue 2, Summer 2015 Pages: 113119 Type: Original Research Effect of HighIntensity Interval Training (HIT) for 4 Weeks with and without LArginine

More information

New Zealand Blackcurrant: A New Ergogenic Aid in Sport?

New Zealand Blackcurrant: A New Ergogenic Aid in Sport? New Zealand Blackcurrant: A New Ergogenic Aid in Sport? Mark Willems Professor in Exercise Physiology United Kingdom Blackcurrant The Stress Hero Sponsored by Vilnius - June 10-12, 2015 Take home prediction

More information

International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports

International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports INVESTIGATION OF VARIED INTENSITY INTERVAL SPRINT TRAINING AND DETRAINING IMPACT ON SELECTED SPEED PARAMETERS Y. Wise Blessed Singh a,* a Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Annamalai

More information

Changes in power output under the influence of sprint training in handball players

Changes in power output under the influence of sprint training in handball players Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics Vol. 6, No. 1, 2004 Changes in power output under the influence of sprint training in handball players H. NORKOWSKI Institute of Sport Games, Academy of Physical

More information

SKELETAL MUSCLE METABOLIC AND PERFORMANCE ADAPTATIONS TO HIGH-INTENSITY SPRINT INTERVAL TRAINING.

SKELETAL MUSCLE METABOLIC AND PERFORMANCE ADAPTATIONS TO HIGH-INTENSITY SPRINT INTERVAL TRAINING. SKELETAL MUSCLE METABOLIC AND PERFORMANCE ADAPTATIONS TO HIGH-INTENSITY SPRINT INTERVAL TRAINING. SKELETAL MUSCLE METABOLIC AND PERFORMANCE ADAPTATIONS TO HIGH-INTENSITY SPRINT INTERVAL TRAINING. By KIRSTEN

More information

Digoxin Toxicity DR. M. POURKASMAEE M.D. BAHARLOO HOSPITAL BAHMAN 1392

Digoxin Toxicity DR. M. POURKASMAEE M.D. BAHARLOO HOSPITAL BAHMAN 1392 1 Digoxin Toxicity DR. M. POURKASMAEE M.D. BAHARLOO HOSPITAL BAHMAN 1392 2 INTRODUCTION In 1785, Sir William Withering described the use of the foxglove plant More than 200 years later, cardiac glycosides

More information

STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) SQC evaluates the measurement procedure by periodically assaying QC materials for which the correct result is known.

STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) SQC evaluates the measurement procedure by periodically assaying QC materials for which the correct result is known. CONTROL OF ANALYTICAL QUALITY R. Mohammadi Biochemist (Ph.D.) Faculty member of Medical Faculty STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) SQC evaluates the measurement procedure by periodically assaying QC materials

More information

School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia REVIEW ARTICLE Sports Med 2002; 32 (1): 53-73 0112-1642/02/0001-0053/$22.00/0 Adis International Limited. All rights reserved. The Scientific Basis for High-Intensity Interval Training Optimising Training

More information

You will get all the benefits and none of the burn out from exercise. Scroll down to the table to see the entire workout.

You will get all the benefits and none of the burn out from exercise. Scroll down to the table to see the entire workout. Here is a great workout created by 2 performance coaches. It is the perfect workout for Hashimoto s patients because it is high intensity and short duration. You will get all the benefits and none of the

More information

TRAINING FOR ENDURANCE RUNNING EVENTS. Dr. Joe I. Vigil

TRAINING FOR ENDURANCE RUNNING EVENTS. Dr. Joe I. Vigil TRAINING FOR ENDURANCE RUNNING EVENTS Dr. Joe I. Vigil You must believe and adhere to the principle of UNENDING IMPROVEMENT and the setting and achieving of even higher goals. The Biologic Law of Training

More information

در موش صحرايي ماده چكيده: ليتيوم ) 3 (Li 2 CO مي باشد كه در درمان اختلالات مي رود. اين دارو تقريبا به طور كامل از طريق

در موش صحرايي ماده چكيده: ليتيوم ) 3 (Li 2 CO مي باشد كه در درمان اختلالات مي رود. اين دارو تقريبا به طور كامل از طريق مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهركرد/ دوره 16 شماره 3/ مرداد وشهريور 53-60 1393/ مقاله پژوهشي بررسي اثرات مزمن چكيده: ليتيوم بر بافت و هورمون هاي مترشحه تيروي يد و تيروتروپين در موش صحرايي ماده 3 2 *1 فرزانه

More information

Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic performance adaptations to a 4-week sprint interval training in young healthy untrained females

Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic performance adaptations to a 4-week sprint interval training in young healthy untrained females Sport Sci Health (2017) 13:17 23 DOI 10.1007/s11332-016-0313-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic performance adaptations to a 4-week sprint interval training in young healthy untrained

More information

Nerve and Synaps. The elementary functions of neuron. Neurons all have same basic structure, a cell body with a number of dendrites and one long axon.

Nerve and Synaps. The elementary functions of neuron. Neurons all have same basic structure, a cell body with a number of dendrites and one long axon. Nerve and Synaps 1 Neuron structure Neurons all have same basic structure, a cell body with a number of dendrites and one long axon. Dr Kayvan Yaghoobi 2 The elementary functions of neuron (1) Receive

More information

Chapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power

Chapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Section 06: Exercise Training to Improve Performance Chapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Chapter 22 Muscular Strength: Training Muscles to Become Stronger Chapter 23 Special Aids to Exercise

More information

HIIT New Research New, New Work-Outs. Mike Bracko, Ed.D., CSCS, FACSM

HIIT New Research New, New Work-Outs. Mike Bracko, Ed.D., CSCS, FACSM HIIT New Research New, New s Mike Bracko, Ed.D., CSCS, FACSM drbrackofitness@aol.com 1. Fat Burning with HIIT Most studies show 1. Increased fat used to produce energy/atp 2. Decrease in skinfolds 3. Decrease

More information

Does High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), have an effect on young swimmers performance?

Does High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), have an effect on young swimmers performance? Coaching applications Does High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), have an effect on young swimmers performance? Konstantinos Papadimitriou and Stratos Savvoulidis Physical Education and Sports Science

More information

Chapter 12. Methods for Aerobic Training and Physiologic Responses

Chapter 12. Methods for Aerobic Training and Physiologic Responses Chapter 12 Methods for Aerobic Training and Physiologic Responses Aerobic Performance Purpose of training Improve performance General principles of physical conditioning Specificity Overload Aerobic Performance

More information

Vitamin D: effects on health & disease during childhood

Vitamin D: effects on health & disease during childhood Vitamin D: effects on health & disease during childhood Soodeh Razeghi Assistant Professor Department of clinical nutrition and dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti

More information

Dr. K.D.C. Upendra Wijayasiri (MBBS (SL), Dip.Spo.Med (col))

Dr. K.D.C. Upendra Wijayasiri (MBBS (SL), Dip.Spo.Med (col)) CARDIO- RESPIRATORY EXERCISE FITNESS What does it really mean? Dr. K.D.C. Upendra Wijayasiri (MBBS (SL), Dip.Spo.Med (col)) Sports Physician, Head - Sports Medicine Unit, Colombo South Teaching Hospital,

More information

The Effects of Plyometric and Resistance Training on Explosive Power and Strength of Young Male Volleyball Players

The Effects of Plyometric and Resistance Training on Explosive Power and Strength of Young Male Volleyball Players Annals of Applied Sport Science, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 45-52, Spring 2014 w w w. a a s s j o u r n a l. c o m ISSN (Online): 2322 4479 Original Article Received: 05/12/2013 Accepted: 06/02/2014 The Effects

More information

مقاله پژوهشي چكيده مقدمه.

مقاله پژوهشي چكيده مقدمه. تاثير برنامه توانمند سازي بر ميزان هموگلوبين گليكوزيله بيماران مبتلا به ديابت نوع دو 2 1 زهرا شاهبداغي فريبا برهاني كارشناس ارشد آموزش پرستاري دانشگاه علوم پزشكي كرمان كرمان ايران استاديار گروه اخلاق پرستاري

More information

Rachel Ann Hurst. October 2013

Rachel Ann Hurst. October 2013 The effects and differences of sprint interval training, endurance training and the training types combined on physiological parameters and exercise performance Rachel Ann Hurst October 2013 Submitted

More information

EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERMITTENT TRAINING AND RESISTANCE

EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERMITTENT TRAINING AND RESISTANCE EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY INTERMITTENT TRAINING AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON THE MAXIMAL OXYGEN DEFICIT AND O2max YUUSUKE HIRAI and IZUMI TABATA Abstract This study examined the effects of (1) an intermittent

More information

4. Introduction Project purpose

4. Introduction Project purpose 4. Introduction The following paragraphs are from the Industrial PhD guidelines (2015) and provide insight into the work tasks and the overall strategical aim of a public sector Industrial PhD (Team Danmark

More information

In the name of God. The Rh System Speaker Professor A. Pourazar

In the name of God. The Rh System Speaker Professor A. Pourazar In the name of God The Rh System Speaker Professor A. Pourazar The D Antigen and its Historical context Rh Positive and Rh Negative Presence of D Antigen Rh+ Absence of D Antigen Rh- Discovery 1939 Levine

More information

عوامل مؤثر بر اهداي خون دركرمان طي سالهاي 8811 تا 8812

عوامل مؤثر بر اهداي خون دركرمان طي سالهاي 8811 تا 8812 مقاله پژوهشي دوره 41 شماره 2 تابستان )77-38( 69 عوامل مؤثر بر اهداي خون دركرمان طي سالهاي 8811 تا 8812 سلمان دانشي 4 حسين مولوي وردنجاني 2 فاطمه جهانگيريمهر 8 عصمت رضا بيگي داوراني چكيده سابقه و هدف امروزه

More information

Chapter 31: Adaptations to Resistance Training

Chapter 31: Adaptations to Resistance Training Chapter 31: Adaptations to Resistance Training American College of Sports Medicine. (2010). ACSM's resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.). New York: Lippincott,

More information

ميزان بيان رسپتور اسكاونجر B1 و نقش آنها در عملكرد پالكتهاي بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك

ميزان بيان رسپتور اسكاونجر B1 و نقش آنها در عملكرد پالكتهاي بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك دوره 41 شماره 2 تابستان 62-411( 69 ) مقاله پژوهشي ميزان بيان رسپتور اسكاونجر B1 و نقش آنها در عملكرد پالكتهاي بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك 1 3 2 4 4 مهناز عباسعليزاده پريسا نهضتي مهدي الهبخشيان محسن

More information

Polarized Training Striking a Balance Between High-Volume and High-Intensity Training

Polarized Training Striking a Balance Between High-Volume and High-Intensity Training Polarized Training Striking a Balance Between High-Volume and High-Intensity Training Frankie TAN, PhD Senior Sports Physiologist Singapore Sports Institute 1 Introduction Exercise intensity and its distribution

More information

Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training

Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training J. DUNCAN MACDOUGALL, AUDREY L. HICKS, JAY R. MACDONALD, ROBERT S. MCKELVIE, HOWARD J. GREEN, AND KELLY M. SMITH Department of Kinesiology,

More information

ICD-O 3 rd Edition. National Cancer Registry workshop International Agency for Research on Cancer Deputy of Research (Iran Ministry of Health)

ICD-O 3 rd Edition. National Cancer Registry workshop International Agency for Research on Cancer Deputy of Research (Iran Ministry of Health) ICD-O 3 rd Edition National Cancer Registry workshop International Agency for Research on Cancer Deputy of Research (Iran Ministry of Health) TEHRAN, I.R. IRAN, 29-30 APRIL, 2015 Abbas Sheikhtaheri PhD,

More information

CHAPTER 10: Diet and nutrition & effect on physical activity and performance Practice questions - text book pages

CHAPTER 10: Diet and nutrition & effect on physical activity and performance Practice questions - text book pages QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAPTER 10: Diet and nutrition & effect on physical activity and performance Practice questions - text book pages 144-145 1) Complex carbohydrates do not include: a. lipids. b. triglycerides.

More information

Applied Exercise and Sport Physiology, with Labs, 4e

Applied Exercise and Sport Physiology, with Labs, 4e Applied Exercise and Sport Physiology, with Labs, 4e hhpcommunities.com/exercisephysiology/chapter-10-aerobic-exercise-prescriptions-for-public-health-cardiorespiratory-fitness-and-athletics/chap Chapter

More information

چكيده نوع 2 مقدمه: ميباشد. روشها: يافتهها: نتيجهگيري: دارد. كليدواژهها: Downloaded from ijdld.tums.ac.ir at 5:16 IRST on Saturday October 13th 2018

چكيده نوع 2 مقدمه: ميباشد. روشها: يافتهها: نتيجهگيري: دارد. كليدواژهها: Downloaded from ijdld.tums.ac.ir at 5:16 IRST on Saturday October 13th 2018 مجله ديابت و ليپيد ايران. بهار و تابستان 1383 دوره 3 (شماره 2): 173-169 مقاله پژوهشي رابطه بين سطح پايه و تحريك شده هورمون رشد با دفع ادراري پروتي ين در بيماران ديابتي نوع 2 چكيده مقدمه: 1 محمود سويد*

More information

CHAPTER 5: Training methods and aerobic training Practice questions - text book pages 91-92

CHAPTER 5: Training methods and aerobic training Practice questions - text book pages 91-92 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAPTER 5: Training methods and aerobic training Practice questions - text book pages 91-92 1) Mary is a 20 year old college student What is her theoretical maximum heart rate? a

More information

GET RIPPED AND DON T DIE TRYING

GET RIPPED AND DON T DIE TRYING GET RIPPED AND DON T DIE TRYING PRESENTED BY TOMMY MATTHEWS INTRODUCTION Overtraining just to look great doesn t have to come at the expense of your health. In fact, it s just a one-way ticket to getting

More information

CBCT خلاصه: باشد. شد. مقدمه: CBCT gray values. CT(computerized

CBCT خلاصه: باشد. شد. مقدمه: CBCT gray values. CT(computerized 28 ارزيا يب ارتباط ثبات اوليه هاي دنداني با ميزان دانسيته استخوان تخمين زده شده توسط CBCT 4 3 2# 1 دكتر جمشيد پورصميمي دكتر مهرنوش رضوان بهبهاني دكتر هاوش غارتي دكتر مريم تفنگچيها ١- استاديار گروه پريودانتيكس

More information

بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك

بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك مقاله پژوهشي دوره 41 شماره 2 تابستان )62-411( 69 بيماران واجد پالك آترواسكلروتيك مهناز عباسعليزاده 4 پريسا نهضتي 4 مهدي الهبخشيان 2 محسن حميدپور 3 علياكبر خادم معبودي 1 5 محمدرضا طباطبايي چكيده سابقه و

More information

High Intensity Training How can we apply it to swimming?

High Intensity Training How can we apply it to swimming? High Intensity Training How can we apply it to swimming? Daniel L. Carl Ph.D. University of Cincinnati 80th NISCA Conference and Clinic March 28-30, 2013 Indianapolis, IN Aerobic Based Training Adaptations

More information

deaworld Get Ripped INTRODUCTION and Don t Strength Training by Escape Fitness COMMON MISTAKES COMMON MISTAKES

deaworld Get Ripped INTRODUCTION and Don t Strength Training by Escape Fitness COMMON MISTAKES COMMON MISTAKES Get Ripped INTRODUCTION and Don t Die TryingOvertraining just to look great doesn t have to Strength come at the expense of your health. In fact, it s Training just a one-way ticket to getting injured!

More information

کارگاه روش تحقیق جلسه چهارم

کارگاه روش تحقیق جلسه چهارم 1 کارگاه روش تحقیق جلسه چهارم 2 اهداف درپایان جلسه انتظارمیرود فراگیران بتوانند: انواع متغیرها نام ببرند تقسیم بندی مطالعات در علوم پزشکی را بیان کنند انواع مطالعات توصیفی را نام ببرند و هرکدام را توضیح

More information

CHAPTER 2: Energy systems part two

CHAPTER 2: Energy systems part two CHAPTER 2: Energy systems part two Practice questions - text book pages 35-37 1) Which one of the following is defined as the greatest amount of oxygen the body can take in and use during exercise? a V

More information

CHAPTER 2 FATIGUE AND RECOVERY

CHAPTER 2 FATIGUE AND RECOVERY SECTION A CHAPTER 2 FATIGUE AND RECOVERY 188 CHAPTER 2 FATIGUE AND RECOVERY Fatigue Effects of fatigue on performance Performance can be affected by muscle fatigue, the depletion of energy stores in muscle

More information

Effects of 12 weeks high-intensity & reduced-volume training in elite athletes

Effects of 12 weeks high-intensity & reduced-volume training in elite athletes university of copenhagen Effects of 12 weeks high-intensity & reduced-volume training in elite athletes Kilen, Thor Anders; Larsson, Tanja Hultengren; Jørgensen, Majke; Johansen, Lars; Jørgensen, Susanne;

More information

CHANGES IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE CAPABILITIES FOLLOWING DIFFERENT INTERVAL-TRAINING PROGRAMS

CHANGES IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE CAPABILITIES FOLLOWING DIFFERENT INTERVAL-TRAINING PROGRAMS #0# Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine Vol. 20, No. 4/2017: 5 12 DOI: 10.18276/cej.2017.4-01 CHANGES IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE CAPABILITIES FOLLOWING DIFFERENT INTERVAL-TRAINING

More information

quarterly newsletter inside this issue The Importance of Training Intensity

quarterly newsletter inside this issue The Importance of Training Intensity Volume 1 October 2003 inside this issue quarterly newsletter Welcome to the inaugural edition of Endurance Sports Training s Research Newsletter. In producing this newsletter Endurance Sports training

More information

Needs Analysis. Machar Reid and Miguel Crespo International Tennis Federation LEVEL III COACHES COURSE

Needs Analysis. Machar Reid and Miguel Crespo International Tennis Federation LEVEL III COACHES COURSE Needs Analysis Machar Reid and Miguel Crespo International Tennis Federation Introduction Principles of physiology Physiological needs analysis Other performance-determining variables Mechanical demands

More information

Training Methods. Remember : FRCIFCP. Fartlek. Resistance Circuit Interval Flexibility Continuous Plyometrics Pilates / Fitball

Training Methods. Remember : FRCIFCP. Fartlek. Resistance Circuit Interval Flexibility Continuous Plyometrics Pilates / Fitball Remember : FRCIFCP Fartlek Resistance Circuit Interval Flexibility Continuous Plyometrics Pilates / Fitball Fartlek: A variation of continuous training with bursts of speed so the anaerobic system is also

More information

Abstract. Keywords: Electrocauterization, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Clomiphene citrate.

Abstract. Keywords: Electrocauterization, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Clomiphene citrate. پيش بيني كنندههاي شكست درمان بعد از الكتروكوتري لاپاروسكوپيك تخمدان در زنان مبتلا به سندرم تخمدان پلي كيستيك مقاوم به كلوميفن سيترات نويسندگان: * زيبا ظهيري سروري جراح و متخصص زنان و زايمان فلوشيپ نازايي

More information

Comparison of the Use of Mask or Chamber in Inducing Anesthesia with Isoflurane in Rabbits

Comparison of the Use of Mask or Chamber in Inducing Anesthesia with Isoflurane in Rabbits IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SURGERY (IJVS) WWW.IVSA.IR Comparison of the Use of Mask or Chamber in Inducing Anesthesia with Isoflurane in Rabbits Navid Salmanzadeh 2, DVM Jalal Bakhtiari, DVSc Azin Tavakoli

More information

Demands of Rugby. Liam Hennessy Apr 2006

Demands of Rugby. Liam Hennessy Apr 2006 Demands of Rugby Liam Hennessy Apr 2006 June 2005 Powerade IRFU What type of activity is Rugby? Multi-activity, multi-skilled, multi-phased and multi-paced Duration of game = 80 mins + Energy systems that

More information

AEROBIC METABOLISM DURING EXERCISE SYNOPSIS

AEROBIC METABOLISM DURING EXERCISE SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS This chapter begins with a description of the measurement of aerobic metabolism by direct calorimetry and spirometry and proceeds with a discussion of oxygen drift as it occurs in submaximal exercise

More information

Set foundation for exercise prescription Clarify the work rest relationship Understand VO2M Understand overtraining Look at how to use aerobic

Set foundation for exercise prescription Clarify the work rest relationship Understand VO2M Understand overtraining Look at how to use aerobic Set foundation for exercise prescription Clarify the work rest relationship Understand VO2M Understand overtraining Look at how to use aerobic equipment Specific, Measurable, Action-oriented, Realistic,

More information

ACUTE EFFECTS OF THE TRAINING MASK ON SHORT-TERM RECOVERY DURING ROWING INTERVALS. Hayden W. Hess. A thesis. submitted in partial fulfillment

ACUTE EFFECTS OF THE TRAINING MASK ON SHORT-TERM RECOVERY DURING ROWING INTERVALS. Hayden W. Hess. A thesis. submitted in partial fulfillment ACUTE EFFECTS OF THE TRAINING MASK ON SHORT-TERM RECOVERY DURING ROWING INTERVALS by Hayden W. Hess A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in

More information

Benjamin Klein. Test Report Training Program. July 2015

Benjamin Klein. Test Report Training Program. July 2015 Test Report Training Program July 2015 Functional Threshold Power (FTP) Your score: 230 Watts During the final climb of stage 10 2015 Tour de France Chris Froome averaged 414W. You are over halfway to

More information

USSA Cross-Country - Definitions of training. Table of Contents

USSA Cross-Country - Definitions of training. Table of Contents Please use this information to design and understand training programs. Theory and ideas are always changing take from it what you can. We publish this info to help raise the level of ski racing in America.

More information

SSE #126. Sports Science Exchange (2014) Vol. 27, No. 126, 1-9

SSE #126. Sports Science Exchange (2014) Vol. 27, No. 126, 1-9 SSE #126 Sports Science Exchange (2014) Vol. 27, No. 126, 1-9 PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF FATIGUE RESISTANCE TRAINING IN COMPETITIVE FOOTBALL Magni Mohr Researcher Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport

More information

higher than the K + conductance (Bretag, 1987, Dulhunty, 1979, Franke et al., 1990). If the depolarizing effects of an increase in interstitial K +

higher than the K + conductance (Bretag, 1987, Dulhunty, 1979, Franke et al., 1990). If the depolarizing effects of an increase in interstitial K + Introduction In this chapter the background for initiation of the studies that the present thesis is based on will be given. Study I-III investigates the effects of intensified training on muscular adaptations

More information

TOPIC: TRAINING ADAPTATIONS

TOPIC: TRAINING ADAPTATIONS TOPIC: TRAINING ADAPTATIONS SECTION A Multiple-choice questions Choose the response that is correct or that best answers the question. A correct answer scores 1, an incorrect answer scores & marks will

More information

Energy Systems: Alactacid system - ATP/PC System Phosphate System Lactic acid system Aerobic system

Energy Systems: Alactacid system - ATP/PC System Phosphate System Lactic acid system Aerobic system Energy Systems: Alactacid system - ATP/PC System Phosphate System Lactic acid system Aerobic system Chemical energy (food) is converted to mechanical energy through the energy systems of the body. Carbohydrate,

More information

ENERGY SYSTEMS 1/27/14. Pieces of Performance. From Puzzles to Practice. Mitigated by: ADAPTABILITY Programming Recovery strategies

ENERGY SYSTEMS 1/27/14. Pieces of Performance. From Puzzles to Practice. Mitigated by: ADAPTABILITY Programming Recovery strategies ENERGY SYSTEMS From Puzzles to Practice Carmen Bott Master s of Science Instructor of Kinesiology, Langara College www.humanmotion.com The Performance Potential of the Human Machine is dictated by how

More information

SHEDDING NEW LIGHT ON CARBOHYDRATES AND EXERCISE

SHEDDING NEW LIGHT ON CARBOHYDRATES AND EXERCISE SHEDDING NEW LIGHT ON CARBOHYDRATES AND EXERCISE Dr Javier Gonzalez Department for Health, University of Bath, UK. j.t.gonzalez@bath.ac.uk Van Loon (2012) Energy Stores FAT: >100,000 kcal Van Loon (2012)

More information

Coaching Applications Training Zones Revisited

Coaching Applications Training Zones Revisited J. Swimming Research, Vol. 19:2 (2012) Coaching Applications Ernest W. Maglischo, Ph.D. 1970 Lazy Meadow Lane Prescott, AZ 86303 USA ewmaglischo@cox.net Abstract The purpose of this paper will be to describe

More information

Changes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity of Junior Ice Hockey Players in Response to Specific Training

Changes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity of Junior Ice Hockey Players in Response to Specific Training Journal of Human Kinetics volume 15, 2006, 75-82 Editorial Committee of Journal of Human Kinetics 75 Changes in Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity of Junior Ice Hockey Players in Response to Specific Training

More information

چکیده. Downloaded from

چکیده. Downloaded from نقش آلبومین تزریقی در پیشگیری از ایجاد سندرم تحریک بیش از حد تخمدانی در سیکلهای ART انسیه شاهرخ تهرانی نژاد(. M.D ) 2 1 سوسن ضیایی (M.D.) 3 1- استادیار گروه زنان وزایمان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران 2- استادیار

More information

Speed endurance training is a powerful stimulus for physiological adaptations and performance improvements of athletes

Speed endurance training is a powerful stimulus for physiological adaptations and performance improvements of athletes Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010: 20 (Suppl. 2): 11 23 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01193.x & 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Review Speed endurance training is a powerful stimulus for physiological adaptations

More information

Effects of diluting medium and holding time on sperm motility analysis by CASA in ram

Effects of diluting medium and holding time on sperm motility analysis by CASA in ram ORIGINAL ARTICLE Veterinary Research Forum. 2014; 5 (2) 101-105 Journal Homepage: vrf.iranjournals.ir Veterinary Research Forum Effects of diluting medium and holding time on sperm motility analysis by

More information

A recipe for triathlon success

A recipe for triathlon success A recipe for triathlon success So you ve decided you re going to try to bake a cake. Fantastic! What kind of cake? There a hundreds of kinds of cake and probably hundreds of variations on each of these

More information

زهرا ميرفيضي* خلاصه * دانشيار روماتولوژي مركز تحقيقات بيماريهاي مشهد ايران ايران مقدمه

زهرا ميرفيضي* خلاصه * دانشيار روماتولوژي مركز تحقيقات بيماريهاي مشهد ايران ايران مقدمه www.mums.ac.ir Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Vol. 57, No. 5 P: 684689 Oct 2014 مجله دانشكده پزشكي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي مشهد سال 57 شماره 5 آبان 93 صفحه: 689 684 مقاله اصلي بررسي

More information

تا ثير ميدان الکترومغناطيسي با فرکانس پايين بر ميزان باروري و بافت تخمدان موش سوري در مرحلهي پيشلانهگزيني

تا ثير ميدان الکترومغناطيسي با فرکانس پايين بر ميزان باروري و بافت تخمدان موش سوري در مرحلهي پيشلانهگزيني مجلهي غدد ونريز و متابوليسم ايران دانشگاه علوم پزشكي و خدمات بهداشتي ماني شهيد بهشتي دورهي دهم شمارهي ۶ صفحههاي ۶۵۲ ۶۴۷ (اسفند ۱۳۸۷) تا ثير ميدان الکترومغناطيسي با فرکانس پايين بر ميزان باروري و بافت تخمدان

More information

Protein Metabolism and Endurance Exercise

Protein Metabolism and Endurance Exercise DADCD Sports p Med 2007.-37 W-6): 337-340 0112-1642/07/0004-0337/544.95/0 rarck 2007 Adls Data Intormotlon BV. All rights reserved. Protein Metabolism and Endurance Exercise Martin J. Gibala Department

More information

Peritoneal Fluid Cytology in Clinical Cases of Bovine Obstructive Urolithiasis

Peritoneal Fluid Cytology in Clinical Cases of Bovine Obstructive Urolithiasis Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology Vol. 2, No. 1, 2010, 17-24 IJVST Peritoneal Fluid Cytology in Clinical Cases of Bovine Obstructive Urolithiasis * Jalal-ud -Din Parrah, Bashir Ahmad

More information

ELITEVIDEN 4, 2006 Anvendt styrketræning, Styrketræning for sprint og spring 1 Symposie ved Institut for Idræt og Biomekanik, Syddansk Universitet

ELITEVIDEN 4, 2006 Anvendt styrketræning, Styrketræning for sprint og spring 1 Symposie ved Institut for Idræt og Biomekanik, Syddansk Universitet Symposie ved STRENGTH TRAINING IN EXPLOSIVE-TYPE SPORTS: SPRINTING Steven J. Fleck, Ph.D. Sport Science Department, Colorado College. Colorado Springs, Colorado U.S.A. Introduction Various forms of strength

More information

PERIODIZATION. What is Periodization? Why Use Periodization? Why Use Periodization?

PERIODIZATION. What is Periodization? Why Use Periodization? Why Use Periodization? What is Periodization? PERIODIZATION Joe Signorile, Ph.D. Simply stated PERIODIZATION is a TRAINING CALENDAR which provides the proper mix of WORK AND RECOVERY to OPTIMIZE TRAINING BENEFITS. Why Use Periodization?

More information

چكيده. 1. C reactive protein 2. Inflammatory bowel disease 3. Enzyme linked immunoassay

چكيده. 1. C reactive protein 2. Inflammatory bowel disease 3. Enzyme linked immunoassay گوارش/ دوره 6 شماره / بهار 8-90/ مقاله پژوهشى بررسى ارتباط بين سطح پروتي ين فاز حاد سرم و مرحله بندى سرطانهاى معده و كولون در بيماران مراجعه كننده به بيمارستان فيروزگر از اسفند ماه 88 تا مرداد 90 علي باسي

More information

The Effect of Oral Carbohydrate Solutions on the Performance of Swimmers

The Effect of Oral Carbohydrate Solutions on the Performance of Swimmers Annals of Applied Sport Science, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 13-22, Autumn 2014 Original Article w w w. a a s s j o u r n a l. c o m ISSN (Online): 2322 4479 Received: 13/04/2014 Accepted: 02/06/2014 The Effect

More information

Cryotherapy versus Podophyllin in the Treatment of Genital Wart

Cryotherapy versus Podophyllin in the Treatment of Genital Wart Cryotherapy versus Podophyllin in the Treatment of Genital Wart Authours: Pouran Layegh * Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Qaem Hospital, Mashad University of Medical sciences Fakhrozaman Pezeshkpoor

More information

چکیده. Downloaded from

چکیده. Downloaded from مقایسه مرفولوژی اسپرم در نمون ههای بدست آمده از TESE و PESA در مردان نابارور مراجعه کننده به بخش نازایی بیمارستان شریعتی و کلینیک نوید در سال 1378 حجت االله سعیدی سعید آبادی (Ph.D.) 1 اشرف آل یاسین (M.D.)

More information

KS4 Physical Education

KS4 Physical Education KS4 Physical Education Methods of Training These icons indicate that teacher s notes or useful web addresses are available in the Notes Page. This icon indicates that the slide contains activities created

More information

DOES ISCHAEMIC PRECONDITIONING IMPROVE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE?

DOES ISCHAEMIC PRECONDITIONING IMPROVE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE? DOES ISCHAEMIC PRECONDITIONING IMPROVE EXERCISE PERFORMANCE? THE STORY SO FAR Written by Scott Cocking, Qatar The effect of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) on exercise performance is an increasingly popular

More information

ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 4 th edition. Chapter 11: Cardiorespiratory Training: Programming and Progressions

ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 4 th edition. Chapter 11: Cardiorespiratory Training: Programming and Progressions ACE Personal Trainer Manual, 4 th edition Chapter 11: Cardiorespiratory Training: Programming and Progressions 1 Learning Objectives This session, which is based on Chapter 11 of the ACE Personal Trainer

More information

Intense training: the key to optimal performance before and during the taper

Intense training: the key to optimal performance before and during the taper Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010: 20 (Suppl. 2): 24 31 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01189.x & 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Review Intense training: the key to optimal performance before and during the taper

More information

SHAW ACADEMY NOTES. Diploma in Health and Fitness

SHAW ACADEMY NOTES. Diploma in Health and Fitness SHAW ACADEMY NOTES Diploma in Health and Fitness Lesson 3 Cardiovascular Exercise (Steady State and Interval Training) Notes What is cardiovascular exercise? (Cardio) Cardiovascular exercise Any exercise

More information

اثر عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاهان اسپند و دارفلفل بر میزان پروفایل های لیپیدی خون در موش نر نژاد NMRI

اثر عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاهان اسپند و دارفلفل بر میزان پروفایل های لیپیدی خون در موش نر نژاد NMRI اثر عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاهان اسپند و دارفلفل بر میزان پروفایل های لیپیدی خون در موش نر نژاد NMRI 1 1 2 1 طیبه بهرامی نامدار یوسف وند دالرام اسلیمی اصفهانی شهربانوعریان 1( گروه علوم جانوری دانشكده علوم زيستي

More information

Oil Composition of Iranian Major Nuts

Oil Composition of Iranian Major Nuts J. Agric. Sci. Technol. (2007) Vol. 9: 251-256 RESEARCH NOTES Oil Composition of Iranian Major Nuts M. Safari 1 * and H. Alizadeh 2 ABSTRACT Iran annually exports considerable quantities of nuts such as

More information

CYTOKINE RESPONSE TO TYPICAL FIELD SPORTS PRACTICES IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES

CYTOKINE RESPONSE TO TYPICAL FIELD SPORTS PRACTICES IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 2015. Vol. 21, pp. 9 18 http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/akut.2015.21.02 A Eliakim, DM Cooper, D Nemet Cytokine response to typical field sports practices in adolescent

More information

CONTINOUS TRAINING. Continuous training is used to improve aerobic capacity and muscular endurance.

CONTINOUS TRAINING. Continuous training is used to improve aerobic capacity and muscular endurance. CONTINOUS TRAINING In continuous training, exercise is performed at about the same level throughout the conditioning period that is, it is a continuous, sustained effort. Heart rate should be the determinant

More information

Oxygen as an ergogenic aid in elite sports. performance at altitude. Juha Peltonen. Why to go to altitude?

Oxygen as an ergogenic aid in elite sports. performance at altitude. Juha Peltonen. Why to go to altitude? Why to go to altitude? Oxygen as an ergogenic aid in elite sports Olympic Committee, 7.9.2010, Helsinki Juha Peltonen, PhD Senior exercise physiologist Unit for Sports and Exercise Medicine Institute of

More information

Running Threshold VO2 max Test Results

Running Threshold VO2 max Test Results Running Threshold VO2 max Test Results Peak Centre for Human Performance 1565 Maple Grove Rd Kanata, ON 613-737-7325 www.peakcentre.ca PERSONAL INFORMATION Name: Kristin Marvin Weight: 158.0 lbs Date:

More information

Three Metabolic Pathways. PSK 4U Unit 5: Energy Systems Days 2-3

Three Metabolic Pathways. PSK 4U Unit 5: Energy Systems Days 2-3 Three Metabolic Pathways PSK 4U Unit 5: Energy Systems Days 2-3 The Energy Systems The ability to move, work or play sports is dependant on supplying sufficient energy at the required rate for the duration

More information

The Chemistry of Running Interactive Lab. Effort Scale. Introduction

The Chemistry of Running Interactive Lab. Effort Scale. Introduction The Chemistry of Running Interactive Lab Introduction The Chemistry of Running simulation allows students to explore the chemistry and physiology of exercise a field that attracts a lot of interest from

More information

A Cephalometric Study on the Relationship between the Occlusal Plane, Ala-Tragus and Camper s Lines, in Patients with Angle s Class III Malocclusion

A Cephalometric Study on the Relationship between the Occlusal Plane, Ala-Tragus and Camper s Lines, in Patients with Angle s Class III Malocclusion Journal of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Yasini & Tabari Original Article A Cephalometric Study on the Relationship between the Occlusal Plane, Ala-Tragus and Camper s Lines, in Patients

More information

FLT3 مقدمه چكيده غشايي( TM ) يك جايگاه نزديك غشايي( JM ) دو. Downloaded from payavard.tums.ac.ir at 22:20 IRST on Sunday October 14th 2018

FLT3 مقدمه چكيده غشايي( TM ) يك جايگاه نزديك غشايي( JM ) دو. Downloaded from payavard.tums.ac.ir at 22:20 IRST on Sunday October 14th 2018 و 4 و 2 مجله دانشكده پيراپزشكي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي تهران (پياورد سلامت) دوره 7 شماره 3 مرداد و شهريور 187-1392 177 ارتباط بين جهشهاي ژن FLT3 و بهبودي كامل بيماران مبتلا به لوسمي ميلوي يدي حاد مراجعه كننده

More information