7/5/08. Need for a peak Application to HS and collegiate athletes Case study of an elite sprinter Is there really a PEAK?

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Michael Young, PhD ABD Coach- HPC Elite Director of Sports Performance- HPC Examining the concept of peaking Factors affecting competitive performance Pre-competitive phase training to enhance

of an elite sprinter Is there really a PEAK? Date Time Meet Wind Location 9/22/07 9.83 5th IAAF Athletics Final -0.3 Stuttgart, Germany 9/14/07 9.84 2007 IAAF Golden League -0.

1 Michael Young, PhD ABD Coach- HPC Elite Director of Sports Performance- HPC Examining the concept of peaking Factors affecting competitive performance Pre-competitive phase training to enhance performance readiness Regulating performance readiness Minimizing detraining during the competitive phase Application of concepts Need for a peak Application to HS and collegiate athletes Case study of an elite sprinter Is there really a PEAK? Date Time Meet Wind Location 9/22/ th IAAF Athletics Final -0.3 Stuttgart, Germany 9/14/ IAAF Golden League -0.3 Brussels, Belgium 9/13/ IAAF Golden League 0.5 Rome, Italy 9/9/ th IAAF Rieti Grand Prix 1.7 Rieti, Italy 9/9/ th IAAF Rieti Grand Prix 0 Rieti, Italy 2007 IAAF World 8/26/ Championships -0.5 Osaka, Japan 6/15/ IAAF Golden League 0.9 Oslo, Norway 5/29/ Artur Takac Memorial 0.5 Belgrade, Serbia 1

Peak performance occurs at the intersection of high levels

EFFECT OF TRAINING Detraining phenomenon Training &

must be present but to compete at high levels requires low

2 Peak performance occurs at the intersection of high levels of fitness and low levels of fatigue Note the DELAYED EFFECT OF TRAINING Detraining phenomenon Training & competitive conundrum- to get better some form of fatigue must be present but to compete at high levels requires low levels of fatigue The role of the biomotor abilities Holistic training 2

7/5/08 Conjugate or vertical loading schemes Duration of preceding

Environmental Competitive control issues Psychological readiness

) External factors (sleep, nutrition, therapy, etc) Roles of training

throws Slowing down at end of races Short approaches Psychological

3 7/5/08 Conjugate or vertical loading schemes Duration of preceding phases Examining the need to build a base Block training Psychosomatic Environmental Competitive control issues Psychological readiness (competitive warmup?) External factors (sleep, nutrition, therapy, etc) Roles of training volume, intensity, frequency and density Off distance races Standing throws Slowing down at end of races Short approaches Psychological readiness (competitive warmup?) External factors (sleep, nutrition, therapy, etc) Roles of training volume, intensity, frequency and density 3

4 Psychological readiness (competitive warmup?) External factors (sleep, nutrition, therapy, etc) Roles of training volume, intensity, frequency and density Weights are more than just a means of developing strength Have the potential for profound affect on all systems of body Very strong endocrine effect Likelihood for increasing post-synaptic potentiaion Loads and intensities are easily quantifiable The roles of training volume, intensity, frequency and density Importance of intensity Role of frequency ( refreshers ) Neuro-endocrine considerations Means and method of loading Research Interlude Short-term DTR resulted in a tendency for elevation resting serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 concentrations, whereas the corresponding TAP experienced elevation in resting serum insulin-like binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). These data indicated that DTR may induce larger declines in muscle power output than in maximal strength, whereas TAP may result in further strength enhancement (but not muscle power), mediated, in part, by training-related differences in IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentrations. Izquierdo et al (2007) 4

5 However, despite the strength losses, significant levels of strength are retained even after 20 weeks of detraining. The results have important implications for resistance-trained older adults who could undergo planned or unplanned training interruptions of up to 5 months. Harris et al. (2007) A long interruption in training has negligible effects on short-sprint ability and muscle anaerobic potential. On the other hand, a persistent training stimulus is required to maintain high aerobic capacity and muscle oxidative potential. This may contribute to a rapid return to competitive fitness for sprinters and power athletes. Linossier et al (1997) These results suggest that shot put performance remains unaltered after 4 weeks of complete detraining in moderately resistance-trained subjects. This might be linked to the concomitant reduction of muscle fiber CSA and increase in the percentage of type IIx muscle fibers. Terzis et al (2008) Rates of decline of biomotor abilities vary Anaerobic capacities are lost very quickly Aerobic and maximal strength capabilities are relatively long lasting Effect on training design Extend the training plan Minimize training plan interruptions Minimize detraining of desired physical characteristics Train all biomotor abilities concurrently throughout the macrocycle Recognize varying residual effects of training 5

6 Do not be afraid to train Training intensities can remain high Case Study- Wednesday: High intensity & moderate volume Thursday: Low intensity & low-to-moderate volumes Friday: CNS priming workout- high intensity & low volume Saturday: Pre-Meet AM and / or competitive warmup Sunday: OFF mike@hpcsport.com 6

Chapter 14: Improving Aerobic Performance

Chapter 14: Improving Aerobic Performance Thought Questions Why would aerobic athletes perform resistance training exercises? What are advantages and disadvantages of Fartlek training? What are advantages