Page 1. Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue. Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle. Gross Anatomy of Muscle:
|
|
- Linette Robinson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1 Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle Characteristics: Attaches to skeleton Voluntary control Striated / multi-nucleated Characteristics: Composes heart wall Involuntary control Striated / uni-nucleated Characteristics: Lines visceral organs Involuntary control Non-striated / uni-nucleated Muscle little mouse Prune Belly Syndrome Characteristics of Muscle: 1) Excitability: Ability to respond to stimulation 2) Contractility: Ability to shorten forcefully 3) Extensibility: Ability to stretch and still contract 4) Elasticity: Ability to resume resting length after contraction Function of Muscle: 1) Produce movement Locomotion / manipulation (skeletal) Blood pressure (cardiac) Propulsion (smooth) 2) Maintain posture / body position 3) Support soft tissue (e.g., abdominal wall) 4) Guard entrance / exit (e.g., lips / anus) 5) Maintain body temperature (e.g., shivering) 6) Store nutrients (e.g., glycogen) Gross Anatomy of Muscle: Connective Components: A) Tendons (cords) B) Aponeuroses (sheets) C) Fascia (wrap / bind body) Epimysium Connective Tissue Layers: 1) Epimysium: Outside muscle covering Form tendons 2) Perimysium: Compartments Divides muscle into fascicles Contains blood vessels / nerves 3) Endomysium: Surrounds individual muscle fibers and ties them together Satellite cells (stem cells) Endomysium Perimysium Marieb & Hoehn Figure 9.1 Muscle Fiber (cell): Functional Unit of Muscle Sarcolemma: Cell membrane Sarcoplasma: Cytoplasm Triad Transverse Tubules: Network of passageways through fiber Continuous with outside of cell Sacroplasmic Reticulum: Specialized endoplasmic reticulum Contain calcium ions (Ca ++ ) [40,000x] compared to cytoplasm Myofibrils: Cylindrical structures containing contractile fibers Similar to Marieb & Hoehn Figure 9.5 Page 1
2 Myofibrils contain myofilaments (protein): 1) Actin (Thin filament) 2) Myosin (Thick filament) Sarcomere: Repeating units of myofilaments (~ 10,000 / myfilament) Sarcomere Actin Myosin I Band M line Z line A Band Similar to Marieb & Hoehn Figure 9.6 Interactions between the thick and thin filaments of sarcomeres are responsible for muscle contraction Sliding Filament Theory Interactions between the thick and thin filaments of sarcomeres are responsible for muscle contraction Sliding Filament Theory Thick filaments: Composed of many myosin molecules Thick filaments: Composed of many myosin molecules Thin filaments: Composed of interwoven actin molecules Tails: Attach molecules together Heads: Bind with thin filament Hinge Tails: Attach molecules together Heads: Bind with thin filament Tropomyosin: Cover active sites Troponin: Bind tropomyosin to actin Interactions between the thick and thin filaments of sarcomeres are responsible for muscle contraction Sliding Filament Theory Neuron Synaptic Knob ACh ACh ACh Neuromuscular Junction: Neuron Muscle fiber 1 connection / muscle fiber T-tubule Sarcolemma Motor End Plate Sarcoplasm Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Muscle Contraction Events: Sarcomere of myofibril 1) Acetylcholine (ACh - neurotransmitter) released from synaptic knob 2) ACh binds to receptors on motor end plate; generates action potential 3) Action potential (AP - electrical impulse) conducted along sarcolemma Page 2 2
3 Neuron Synaptic Knob ACh ACh ACh Neuromuscular Junction: Neuron Muscle fiber 1 connection / muscle fiber T-tubule Sarcolemma Motor End Plate Sarcoplasm Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Ca ++ Sarcomere of myofibril Ca ++ Muscle Contraction Events: 4) AP descends into muscle fiber via T-tubules 5) AP triggers release of Ca ++ from sarcoplasmic reticulum 6) Ca ++ initiates cross-bridging (actin / myosin) Ca ++ Troponin Myosin Head Actin Tropomyosin 2) Myosin head (cocked) binds with active site 3) Myosin head pivots pulls actin forward 2) Myosin head (cocked) binds with active site 3) Myosin head pivots pulls actin forward 4) binds to myosin head; head detaches and re-cocks Page 3 3
4 4 Re-cock P 2) Myosin head (cocked) binds with active site 3) Myosin head pivots pulls actin forward 4) binds to myosin head; head detaches and re-cocks 5) Myosin head binds to active site; Process repeated Re-cock Re-cock P P 2) Myosin head (cocked) binds with active site 3) Myosin head pivots pulls actin forward 4) binds to myosin head; head detaches and re-cocks 5) Myosin head binds to active site; Process repeated 6) Process ends when APs cease ACh broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Ca ++ returned to sarcoplasmic reticulum (active transport) Martini & Nath Table 10.1 A) Single Fiber: Tension Production = # of cross-bridge attachments Too contracted = no room for movement; poor cross-bridge formation Too stretched = no cross-bridge formation Rigor Mortis Tetanus All-or-none response (muscle on or off ) Resting length = # of cross-bridges; distance to slide (maximal muscle force; normal resting length) Page 4
5 Tension Stimulus Tension Stimulus Tension Stimulus B) Whole Muscle: Tension Production = 1) Frequency of stimulation 2) # of muscle fibers activated B) Whole Muscle Frequency of stimulation: Twitch = Single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence Latent Period: Time between stimulus and tension development CP RP Contraction Phase: Period where tension rises to peak level Ca ++ release; cross-bridge formation Relaxation Phase: Period where tension falls to resting level Ca ++ uptake; cross-bridge detachment LP Time B) Whole Muscle Frequency of stimulation: Twitch = Single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence B) Whole Muscle Frequency of stimulation: Incomplete Tetanus: Rapid cycles of contraction & relaxation Maximum Tension Variation exists in the duration of twitches among muscles Summation: Addition of twitches to produce a more powerful contraction Twitches alone are not a useful contraction Martini & Nath Figure Time B) Whole Muscle Frequency of stimulation: Complete Tetanus: Rapid stimulation erases relaxation phase B) Whole Muscle Number of muscle fibers activated: Motor Unit: A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers innervated by it Maximum Tension Recruitment: Addition of motor units to produce smooth, steady muscle tension (small large motor units) SR can not reclaim Ca ++ (stimulation too rapid) Muscle Tone: Resting tension maintained in muscle Most normal muscle contraction involves complete tetanus Time Motor unit size dictates control: Fine Control = 1-5 fibers / MU (e.g., eye) Gross Control = 1000 s fibers / MU (e.g., leg) All-or-none response Similar to Marieb & Hoehn Figure 9.13 Page 5 5
6 Similar to Marieb & Hoehn Figure 9.18 Types of Muscle Contractions: Isotonic Contraction: Isometric Contraction: Muscle Energetics: Muscle fibers use for contraction (~ 600 trillion / second) Only enough reserve to sustain short contraction periods (~ 5 sec) Must be replenished to sustain contraction How does a fiber replenish? Tension stabilized; muscle shortens (e.g., lifting / walking) Muscle Elongation (following contraction): Passive process: 1) Elastic rebound (fibers / organelles) Tension maximized; no muscle shortening (e.g., pushing against wall / standing) 2) Antagonistic muscles (e.g., biceps brachii vs. triceps brachii) 1) Creatine phosphate (CP) reserves: Nitrogen-containing compound bound to phosphate Limited supply Replaced by aerobic / anaerobic respiration Creatine kinase high energy Converted to creatine CP Muscle Energetics: Muscle fibers use for contraction (~ 600 trillion / second) Only enough reserve to sustain short contraction (~ 2 sec) Must be replenished to sustain contraction How does a fiber replenish? Creatine Phosphate 2) Anaerobic Metabolism (Glycolysis): Lactate Pyruvate 15 seconds + P Primary source of during times of peak activity Glucose (Glycogen) Inefficient (2 / glucose) Acid buildup leads rapidly to muscle fatigue Muscle Energetics: Muscle fibers use for contraction (~ 600 trillion / second) Only enough reserve to sustain short contraction (~ 2 sec) Must be replenished to sustain contraction Creatine Phosphate Anaerobic Respiration How does a fiber replenish? 3) Aerobic Metabolism (Aerobic Respiration): CO 2 + H 2 O 15 seconds 1-2 minutes + P Primary source of during periods of rest (95% of ) Pyruvate Glucose (Glycogen) Efficient (36 / glucose) Can use multiple energy sources (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) Page 6 6
7 7 Aerobic Respiration Energy Use at Different Levels of Activity: At Rest: Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic metabolism predominates Fuel = Fatty acids surplus: 1) Glycogen reserves 2) Recharge CP Creatine Phosphate Weeks 1-2 minutes 15 seconds + P Energy Use at Different Levels of Activity: At Moderate Activity: Aerobic metabolism predominates Fuel = Glycogen required for muscle contraction Energy Use at Different Levels of Activity: At Peak Activity: Anaerobic metabolism predominates Fuel = Glycogen required for muscle contraction acquired from CP (initially) Muscle Fatigue: Fibers lose ability to contract despite neural stimulation High Intensity Activity: Fatigue = Ionic imbalances Decoupling of electrical signaling and muscle contraction Low Intensity Activity: Fatigue = Energy reserves depleted Energy reserves include glycogen, lipids, proteins Muscle Performance: Power: Maximum amount of tension produced by a muscle Factors Determining Muscle Performance: 1) Muscle Fiber Type: A) Fast Fibers (most common) vs. Endurance: Amount of time a muscle can perform an activity B) Slow Fibers Muscle Recovery: Return of fibers to pre-activity conditions A) Lactate removed (blood liver) or recycled (glycogen) B) Aerobic respiration replenishes energy reserves Oxygen debt: Amount of oxygen needed to restore body to pre-activity conditions Muscle fibers, liver, sweat glands C) Excess heat is lost via blood flow to skin Contract in 0.01 s or less (after stimulation) Large diameter (densely packed myofibrils) Powerful ( sarcomere # = tension) Rely on anaerobic respiration Large glycogen reserves Fatigue rapidly 3x slower contract; ½ the diameter Sustained contractions ( endurance) Rely on aerobic metabolism: Extensive capillaries ( O 2 supply) Myoglobin: Binds O 2 ( O 2 storage) Large # of mitochondria ( O 2 usage) Process can take days to weeks Page 7
8 8 The distribution of muscle fibers impacts muscle performance: White Muscle: Muscle dominated by fast fibers (e.g., turkey breast) Red Muscle: Muscle dominated by slow fibers (e.g., turkey leg) Human muscles a mixture of the two fiber types (Genetically determined) Physical Conditioning: 1) Anaerobic Endurance Sustained, powerful muscle contractions (e.g., weight lifting) Training = Frequent, brief, intense workouts Muscle Hypertrophy: Enlargement of muscle muscle fiber size, not overall # 2) Aerobic Endurance Continual contraction of muscle over time (e.g., jogging) Training = Sustained low levels of muscle activity mitochondria; capillaries Fast Fibers Slow Fibers Marathoners 18% 82% Avg. Human 55% 45% Sprinters 64% 37% Property Skeletal Muscle: Cardiac Muscle: Smooth Muscle: Filament Organization Sarcomeres along myofibrils Sarcomeres along myofibrils Scattered in sarcoplasm Control Mechanism Neural Automaticity (pacemaker cells) Automaticity, neural, hormonal Calcium Source Sarcoplasmic reticulum SR / across sarcolemma Across sarcolemma Contraction Rapid onset; tetanus can occur; rapid fatigue Slower onset; no tetanus; fatigue-resistant Slow onset; tetanus can occur; fatigue-resistant Energy Source Aerobic / Anaerobic metabolism Aerobic metabolism Aerobic metabolism Page 8
Page 1. Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue. Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle. Characteristics of Muscle:
1 Chapter 9: Muscle Tissue Muscle little mouse Types of Muscle Tissue: Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle Characteristics: Attaches to skeleton Voluntary control Striated / multi-nucleated Characteristics:
More informationMuscle Tissue- 3 Types
AN INTRODUCTION TO MUSCLE TISSUE Muscle Tissue- 3 Types Skeletal muscle (focus on these) Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES Produce movement of the skeleton Maintain posture and
More informationMUSCLE TISSUE (MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY) PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE
PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE Muscle Tissue A primary tissue type, divided into: skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle Functions of Skeletal Muscles Produce skeletal movement Maintain body position Support
More informationChapter 10 Muscle Tissue Lecture Outline
Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue Lecture Outline Muscle tissue types 1. Skeletal muscle = voluntary striated 2. Cardiac muscle = involuntary striated 3. Smooth muscle = involuntary nonstriated Characteristics
More informationAnatomy and Physiology 1 Chapter 10 self quiz Pro, Dima Darwish,MD.
Anatomy and Physiology 1 Chapter 10 self quiz Pro, Dima Darwish,MD. 1) Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle? A) produce movement B) maintain posture C) maintain body temperature
More informationMuscles and Muscle Tissue
1 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Chapter 9 2 Overview of Muscle Tissues Compare and Contrast the three basic types of muscle tissue List four important functions of muscle tissue 3 Muscle Terminology Muscle
More informationMuscle and Muscle Tissue
Muscle and Muscle Tissue Make up about half of total body mass Exerts force by converting chemical energy, ATP, to mechanical energy Muscle tissue is classified based on Shape Number and position of nuclei
More informationMicroanatomy of Muscles. Anatomy & Physiology Class
Microanatomy of Muscles Anatomy & Physiology Class Three Main Muscle Types Objectives: By the end of this presentation you will have the information to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Describe the 3 main types of muscles.
More informationAbility to distinguish stimuli depends on the brain:
1 Chapter 50: Sensory / Motor Mechanisms Campbell et al. Figure 50.2 Ability to distinguish stimuli depends on the brain: Sensations: Electrical impulses that reach the brain via sensory neurons Perceptions:
More informationAmplification Strengthening of stimulus signal. (1) Reception Receptor detects stimuli
Chapter 50: Sensory / Motor Mechanisms Ability to distinguish stimuli depends on the brain: Sensations: Electrical impulses that reach the brain via sensory neurons Perceptions: Interpretation of electrical
More informationMuscle Tissue. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres. Lone Star College North Harris Pearson Education, Inc.
10 Muscle Tissue PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris An Introduction to Muscle Tissue Muscle Tissue A primary tissue type, divided into: Skeletal muscle
More informationSmooth Cardiac Skeletal Location Around tubes Heart tissue attached to skeleton Moves stuff thru Heart beat pumps Moves body parts
Biology 067 - Muscular system A. Type of muscles: Smooth Cardiac Skeletal Location Around tubes Heart tissue attached to skeleton Function Moves stuff thru Heart beat pumps Moves body parts tubes blood
More informationCHAPTER 6 2/9/2016. Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common.
Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common. CHAPTER 6 The Muscular System Demonstrate and explain the use of antagonistic muscle pairs. Describe the attachment of muscle
More informationChapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue
Chapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue I. Overview of muscle tissue A. Three muscle types in the body: B. Special characteristics 1. Excitability: able to receive and respond to a stimulus 2. Contractility:
More informationLecture Overview. Muscular System. Marieb s Human Anatomy and Physiology. Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Lecture 16
Marieb s Human Anatomy and Physiology Marieb Hoehn Chapter 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue Lecture 16 1 Lecture Overview Types, characteristics, functions of muscle Structure of skeletal muscle Mechanism of
More information1/4/2017. Introduction. Connective Tissue Coverings. 9.1: Structure of a Skeletal Muscle. Skeletal Muscle Fibers. Connective Tissue Coverings
Introduction Chapter 09 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction
More informationChapter 8 Notes. Muscles
Chapter 8 Notes Muscles 8.1 Intro Three muscle types Skeletal Smooth cardiac 8.2 Structure of Skeletal Muscle Composition Skeletal muscle tissue Nervous tissue Blood Connective tissue Connective tissue
More informationSkeletal Muscle. Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle Types of muscle Skeletal muscle-moves the skeleton by pulling on the tendons that are connected to the bones Cardiac muscle-pumps blood through the heart and blood vessels
More informationChapter 10: Muscle Tissue
Chapter 10: Muscle Tissue Muscle is one of the 4 primary types of tissue. It is subdivided into skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle. I. Skeletal Muscle Tissue and the Muscular System, p. 284 Objective
More informationMODULE 6 MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
MODULE 6 MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY III SEMESTER BOTANY Syllabi: Striated, Non striated and Cardiac muscle, Ultra structure of striated muscle fibre, Mechanism of muscle contraction, Threshold and spike potential,
More informationHole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition. Mrs. Hummer. Chapter 9 Muscular System
Hole s Human Anatomy and Physiology Eleventh Edition Mrs. Hummer Chapter 9 Muscular System 1 Chapter 9 Muscular System Skeletal Muscle usually attached to bones under conscious control striated Three Types
More informationI. Overview of Muscle Tissues
I. Overview of Muscle Tissues A. Types of Muscle Tissue 1. Terminology 1. Muscle fibers = muscle cells are greatly elongated therefore known as fibers; true for skeletal and smooth muscles only 2. Myo
More informationMuscle Tissue. C h a p t e r. PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College - North Harris
C h a p t e r 10 Muscle Tissue PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College - North Harris Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings An Introduction
More informationSkeletal Muscle. Connective tissue: Binding, support and insulation. Blood vessels
Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology Outline o Skeletal Muscle Structure o The mechanism of Force Generation in Muscle o The mechanics of Skeletal Muscle Contraction o Skeletal Muscle Metabolism o Control of Skeletal
More informationMuscle Tissue. Muscle Tissue Outline. General Function of Muscle Tissue
Muscle Tissue Muscle Tissue Outline General Functions of Muscle Tissue Characteristics of Muscle Tissue Classification of Muscle Tissue Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function Muscle Energetics Muscle Mechanics
More informationChapter 10! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle. Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages !
! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle Chapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages 308-324! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension! 2! Tension Production - Muscle FIBER! All-or-none
More informationSession 3-Part 2: Skeletal Muscle
Session 3-Part 2: Skeletal Muscle Course: Introduction to Exercise Science-Level 2 (Exercise Physiology) Presentation Created by Ken Baldwin, M.ED, ACSM-H/FI Copyright EFS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Skeletal
More informationCh.10 Muscle Tissue. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Ch.10 Muscle Tissue Preview Chapter 10 In groups we will define the following terms 1. Skeletal muscle 2. Smooth muscle 3. Cardiac muscle 4. Sarcomere 5. Myofibril 6. Myofilament 7. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
More informationBio 103 Muscular System 61
61 Lecture Outline: MUSCULAR SYSTEM [Chapter 9] A. Functions of Skeletal Muscle 1. Movement 2. Maintain posture 3. Support 4. Guard openings 5. Maintain body temperature (thermogenesis) B. Muscle Tissue
More informationHuman Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 09: The Muscular System
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 09: The Muscular System Question No. 1 of 10 The muscular system of the human body fulfills many different roles. Which of the following statements about the
More informationMUSCULAR TISSUE. Dr. Gary Mumaugh
MUSCULAR TISSUE Dr. Gary Mumaugh MUSCLE OVERVIEW The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth These types differ in structure, location, function, and means of activation FUNCTIONAL
More informationCh 12: Muscles sarcolemma, t-tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, myofilaments, sarcomere...
Ch 12: Muscles Review micro-anatomy of muscle tissue Terminology examples: sarcolemma, t-tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, myofilaments, sarcomere... SLOs Differentiate levels of muscle structure:
More informationCLASS SET Unit 4: The Muscular System STUDY GUIDE
NPHS Anatomy & Physiology Questions to answer: 1) List three functions of the muscular system. 1) movement 2) thermogenesis (generates heat) 3) posture & body/joint support CLASS SET Unit 4: The Muscular
More information2/19/2018. Learn and Understand:
Muscular System with Special Emphasis on Skeletal Muscle Anatomy and Physiology Learn and Understand: The definition of cell changes again The contractile unit of muscle is the sarcomere. ATP and Ca 2+
More information1. Locomotion. 2. Repositioning. 3. Internal movement
MUSCLE and MOVEMENT Chapters 20, 8, 21 1. Locomotion A. Movement B. 2. Repositioning A. 3. Internal movement A. 1 Muscle Cells 1. Contractile 2. Myocytes 3. Striated A. Skeletal B. Cardiac 4. Smooth 5.
More information1. Locomotion. 2. Repositioning. 3. Internal movement
MUSCLE and MOVEMENT Chapters 20, 8, 21 1. Locomotion A. Movement B. 2. Repositioning A. 3. Internal movement A. Muscle Cells 1. Contractile 2. Myocytes 3. Striated A. Skeletal B. Cardiac 4. Smooth 5. Striated
More informationChapter 8: Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function
Chapter 8: Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function Objectives Draw & label the microstructure of skeletal muscle Outline the steps leading to muscle shortening Define the concentric and isometric Discuss:
More informationNerve Cell (aka neuron)
Nerve Cell (aka neuron) Neuromuscular Junction Nerve cell Muscle fiber (cell) The Nerve Stimulus and Action Potential The Nerve Stimulus and Action Potential Skeletal muscles must be stimulated by a motor
More informationOutline. Bio 105: Muscular System. Muscular System. Types of Muscles. Smooth Muscle. Cardiac Muscle 4/6/2016
Outline Bio 105: Muscular System Lecture 11 Chapter 6 Characteristics of muscles 3 types of muscles Functions of muscles Structure of skeletal muscles Mechanics of muscle contraction Energy sources for
More informationChapter 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology Chapter Outline
Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology Chapter Outline Module 10.1 Overview of muscle tissue (Figures 10.1 10.2) A. Types of Muscle Tissue (Figure 10.1) 1. The three types of cells in muscle tissue are,,
More informationSkeletal Muscle Tissue
Functions of Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle Tissue Keri Muma Bio 6 Movement muscles attach directly or indirectly to bone, pull on bone or tissue when they contract Maintain posture / body position muscles
More informationMuscle Tissue. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology
Muscle Tissue Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology Functions of muscle tissue Movement Maintenance of posture Joint stabilization Heat generation Tendon Belly Tendon Types of
More informationAbout This Chapter. Skeletal muscle Mechanics of body movement Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Pearson Education, Inc.
About This Chapter Skeletal muscle Mechanics of body movement Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Skeletal Muscle Usually attached to bones by tendons Origin: closest to the trunk or to more stationary bone Insertion:
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 TEXTBOOK AND REQUIRED/RECOMMENDED
More informationChapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages ! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension!
! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle Chapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages 308-324! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension! 2! 1 Tension Production - MUSCLE FIBER! All-or-none
More informationCh 10: Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Myology)
Ch 10: Skeletal Muscle Tissue (Myology) main objectives: Describe the distinguishing characteristics of the different muscle tissues Discuss the organization of skeletal muscle Explain the micro-anatomy
More informationEssentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. The Muscular System
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology The Muscular System The Muscular System Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement they contract or shorten and are the machine of the body Three basic
More informationTypes of Muscle. Skeletal striated & voluntary Smooth involuntary Cardiac - heart
Muscular System Types of Muscle Skeletal striated & voluntary Smooth involuntary Cardiac - heart The word striated means striped. Skeletal muscle appears striped under a microscope. Muscles and Muscle
More informationMuscular System. 3 types of muscle tissue. How skeletal muscles arrange CARDIAC SMOOTH SKELETAL
Muscular System Functions Support the body by allowing us to stay upright Allow for movement by attaching to the skeleton Help maintain a constant body temperature Assist in movement in the cardiovascular
More informationMuscular System. Honors Anatomy & Physiology. Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School
Muscular System Honors Anatomy & Physiology Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Skeletal, Smooth, or Cardiac SKELETAL Striated Voluntary Multinucleated Bound to bones Moves skeleton SMOOTH Not striated
More informationMuscular System. This chapter will focus on muscle cells and tissues. Muscle tissue has several functions:
Muscular System Slide 2 This chapter will focus on muscle cells and tissues. Muscle tissue has several functions: Movement: Muscles work as pulleys on bones to help create changes in body position. Muscles
More informationChapter 10 -Muscle Tissue
Chapter 10 -Muscle Tissue Muscles: 1. Overview of Muscle Tissue A. Review 5 functions of muscle tissue. B. Review the 5 properties of muscle tissue. WHICH do they share with nervous tissue? (2, plus the
More informationMuscle Tissue. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres. Lone Star College North Harris Pearson Education, Inc.
10 Muscle Tissue PowerPoint Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College North Harris 10-1 An Introduction to Muscle Tissue Learning Outcomes 10-1 Specify the functions of skeletal
More informationMuscle Cell Anatomy & Function (mainly striated muscle tissue)
Muscle Cell Anatomy & Function (mainly striated muscle tissue) General Structure of Muscle Cells (skeletal) several nuclei (skeletal muscle) skeletal muscles are formed when embryonic cells fuse together
More informationMuscles & Muscle Tissue
Muscles & Muscle Tissue Chapter 6 I. Overview of Muscle 1 A. MUSCLE TYPES SKELETAL: striated, voluntary CARDIAC: only in heart involuntary striated SMOOTH: walls of organs involuntary nonstriated All Muscle
More informationPSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM
PSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM REVIEW Review of muscle so we can see how the neuromuscular system works This is not on today's note Skeletal Muscle Cell: Cellular System A) Excitation System Electrical
More informationHuman Anatomy. Muscle Tissue and Organization. DR.SADIQ ALI (K.E Medalist) 10-1
Human Anatomy Muscle Tissue and Organization DR.SADIQ ALI (K.E Medalist) 10-1 Tissue and Organization Over 700 skeletal muscles have been named. Form the muscular system. Muscle tissue is distributed almost
More informationThe Muscular System PART A
6 The Muscular System PART A PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University ESSENTIALS OF HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EIGHTH EDITION ELAINE N. MARIEB The Muscular System
More information10 - Muscular Contraction. Taft College Human Physiology
10 - Muscular Contraction Taft College Human Physiology Muscular Contraction Sliding filament theory (Hanson and Huxley, 1954) These 2 investigators proposed that skeletal muscle shortens during contraction
More informationMusculoskeletal Systems. Anatomy: Arrangement of Cells Physiology: Contractions
Musculoskeletal Systems Anatomy: Arrangement of Cells Physiology: Contractions Characteristics of all muscle Contractile: it shortens Excitable: receives & responds to electrical signals Extensible: stretches
More informationChapter 10 Muscle Tissue
Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. Differ in their microscopic anatomy, location and how they are controlled by the endocrine and nervous system. 3 Types of Muscle
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required/recommended
More informationMuscular System- Part 1. Unit 5 Miss Wheeler
Muscular System- Part 1 Unit 5 Miss Wheeler Fun Facts! The tongue is the strongest muscle in your body The smallest muscles in the body are in the middle ear The largest muscle in the body is the gluteus
More informationMuscle Histology. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Assistant Professor of Anatomy and Histology
Muscle Histology Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Assistant Professor of Anatomy and Histology Functions of muscle tissue Movement Maintenance of posture Joint stabilization Heat generation Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal
More informationWarm-Up. 2. What structure connects muscle to bone?
Warm-Up 1. Based on what you know about Latin root words, what do you think these terms refer to? Sarcomere Sarcoplasm Myofibril Epimysium Perimysium Endomysium 2. What structure connects muscle to bone?
More informationThe Muscular System. Objective: The student will become familiar with the structure and function of the muscular system
The Muscular System Objective: The student will become familiar with the structure and function of the muscular system 1 Question of the day: What moves you? Composition: The musclar system makes up 40-50%
More informationMuscle Physiology. Dr. Ebneshahidi Ebneshahidi
Muscle Physiology Dr. Ebneshahidi Skeletal Muscle Figure 9.2 (a) Functions of the muscular system 1. Locomotion body movements are due to skeletal muscle contraction. 2. Vasoconstriction and vasodilatation
More informationAnatomy & Physiology Muscular System Worksheet
Anatomy & Physiology Muscular System Worksheet 1. What are the three categories of muscle tissue? a) b) c) 2. The smallest functional unit of a muscle fiber is called a. 3. What are the four characteristics
More information3 muscle function_scr.notebook April 20, 2015
the key to muscle function is an excitable membrane sarcolemma proteins on the sarcolemma allow muscle cells to communicate with other cells and the environment specific to muscle function is communication
More informationSkeletal Muscle and the Molecular Basis of Contraction. Lanny Shulman, O.D., Ph.D. University of Houston College of Optometry
Skeletal Muscle and the Molecular Basis of Contraction Lanny Shulman, O.D., Ph.D. University of Houston College of Optometry Like neurons, all muscle cells can be excited chemically, electrically, and
More informationFig Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. Nucleus. Muscle fiber. Endomysium. Striations.
Fig. 11.1 Nucleus Muscle fiber Endomysium Striations Ed Reschke 1 Fig. 11.2 Muscle fiber Nucleus I band A band Z disc Mitochondria Openings into transverse tubules Sarcoplasmic reticulum Triad: Terminal
More informationMuscle Tissue. Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy 10:32
Muscle Tissue Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy 1 Properties of Muscle Tissue Excitability responds to chemical messengers (neurotransmitters)
More informationMuscles & Motor Locomotion Why Do We Need All That ATP?
Muscles & Motor Locomotion Why Do We Need All That ATP? 2006-2007 Animal Locomotion What are the advantages of locomotion? sessile motile Lots of ways to get around Lots of ways to get around mollusk mammal
More informationConcept 50.5: The physical interaction of protein filaments is required for muscle function
Concept 50.5: The physical interaction of protein filaments is required for muscle function Muscle activity is a response to input from the nervous system The action of a muscle is always to contract Vertebrate
More informationA and P CH 8 Lecture Notes.notebook. February 10, Table of Contents # Date Title Page # /30/17 Ch 8: Muscular System
Table of Contents # Date Title Page # 1. 01/30/17 Ch 8: Muscular System 2. 1 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. i 1 Turnitin.com Class #: 13551662 Password: GoViks 2 01/30/17 Ch 8: Muscular System Objective: Students will
More informationAnatomy & Physiology. Unit Two. Muscular System URLs Frog Dissection
Anatomy & Physiology 9 Muscular System URLs Frog Dissection http://curry.edschool.virginia.edu/go/frog/home.html Cat Dissection http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/cat_dissect/index.htm List of Muscles http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/meded/
More informationThe Musculoskeletal System. Chapter 46
The Musculoskeletal System Chapter 46 Types of Skeletal Systems Changes in movement occur because muscles pull against a support structure Zoologists recognize three types: 1. Hydrostatic skeletons a fluid
More informationAP Biology. Animal Locomotion. Muscles & Motor Locomotion. Why Do We Need All That ATP? Lots of ways to get around. Muscle
Muscles & Motor Locomotion Animal Locomotion What are the advantages of locomotion? sessile motile Why Do We Need All That? 2006-2007 Lots of ways to get around Lots of ways to get around mollusk mammal
More informationPrinciples of Anatomy and Physiology
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14 th Edition CHAPTER 10 Muscular Tissue Introduction The purpose of the chapter is to: 1. Learn about the structure and function of the 3 types of muscular tissue
More informationThe Muscular System and Homeostasis
Chapter 10 Chapter 10 The Muscular System and Homeostasis The Muscular System and Homeostasis 10.1 Movement and Muscle Tissue 10.2 Muscles, Health, and Homeostasis 10.1 Movement and Muscle Tissue Muscles
More informationHonors Muscular System Notes CHAPTER 8
Honors Muscular System Notes CHAPTER 8 I. Types of Muscle Tissue Fill in the chart with the correct information (p.162) Type of muscle Location Characteristics Control Action 1. 2. 3. II. The Muscular
More informationMuscle tissues. Dr. Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim BVM&S, PG Dip, MSc and PhD
Muscle tissues Dr. Hersh Abdul Ham-Karim BVM&S, PG Dip, MSc and PhD Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract. Muscle tissue
More informationThe All-or-None Principle Motor units also comply to a rule known as the all-ornone principle (or law).
The All-or-None Principle Motor units also comply to a rule known as the all-ornone principle (or law). This principle stipulates that, when a motor unit is stimulated to contract, it will do so to its
More informationChapter 7 The Muscular System. Most abundant tissue (600+)
Chapter 7 The Muscular System Most abundant tissue (600+) I. Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle 1) Function: motion; posture; body heat Excitable, Contract/Extend, Elastic 2) Structure A. Connective tissue:
More informationEnergy for Muscle Contractions: Direct phosphorylation. Creatine phosphate loses a phosphate to ADP to create ATP
Energy for Muscle Contractions: Direct phosphorylation Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration (lactic acid fermentation) Creatine phosphate loses a phosphate to ADP to create ATP Requires oxygen to
More informationChapter 9 Muscle. Types of muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle. Striated muscle
Chapter 9 Muscle Types of muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Striated muscle Chapter 9 Muscle (cont.) The sliding filament mechanism, in which myosin filaments bind to and move actin
More informationMUSCULAR SYSTEM CHAPTER 09 BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I
1 BIO 211: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I 1 CHAPTER 09 MUSCULAR SYSTEM Part 2 of 2 Dr. Dr. Lawrence G. G. Altman www.lawrencegaltman.com Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill. Some illustrations are courtesy
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.49 - MUSCLE SYSTEMS.
!! www.clutchprep.com BIOLOGY - CLUTCH Muscle system organ system that includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle Muscle tissue capable of contracting through the interaction of actin and myosin proteins
More informationCh 12 can be done in one lecture
Ch 12 can be done in one lecture Developed by John Gallagher, MS, DVM Chapter 12: Muscles Review muscle anatomy (esp. microanatomy of skeletal muscle) Terminology: sarcolemma t-tubules sarcoplasmic reticulum
More information1. General characteristics of muscle tissues: 2. A. Skeletal muscle tissue ("striated muscle tissue")
1. General characteristics of muscle tissues: Muscle fibers, AKA, muscle cells Vascularized. Other tissues dense and loose C.T. nerves and nerve fibers Muscle fibers (muscle cells) close together. From
More informationChapter 10: Muscular Tissue. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 10: Muscular Tissue Muscular Tissue Chapter 10 Overview of Muscular Tissue Skeletal Muscle Tissue Contraction and Relaxation of Skeletal Muscle Fibers Muscle Metabolism Control of Muscle Tension
More informationProperties of Muscle Tissue. Functions of Muscle Tissue. Connective Tissue Components SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE. Excitability
3 Types of Muscle Tissue Chapter 11 Muscle Tissue Skeletal muscle attaches to bone, skin or fascia striated with light & dark bands visible with scope voluntary control of contraction & relaxation 1 2
More information(c) sarcolemma with acethylcholine (protein) receptors
(slide 1) Lecture Notes: Muscular System I. (slide 2) Introduction to Muscular System A) Tissues of the Muscular System: 1) Connective Tissues (a) dense fibrous (tendons and ligaments) 2) Nervous Tissue
More informationThe Nervous and Muscular Systems and the role of ATP
The Nervous and Muscular Systems and the role of ATP Overview of the Nervous System General parts: The brain The spinal cord The nerves and sense organs General functions: controls and coordinates body
More informationAP Biology
Chapter 49. Animal Locomotion What are the advantages of locomotion? sessile motile Muscles & Motor Locomotion Muscle voluntary, striated involuntary, striated auto-rhythmic involuntary, non-striated 1
More informationChapter 49. Muscles & Motor Locomotion. AP Biology
Chapter 49. Muscles & Motor Locomotion Animal Locomotion What are the advantages of locomotion? sessile motile Muscle voluntary, striated involuntary, striated auto-rhythmic involuntary, non-striated
More informationThe Muscular System. Specialized tissue that enable the body and its parts to move.
The Muscular System Specialized tissue that enable the body and its parts to move. Anterior View Posterior View TRIVIA! How many muscles are there in the human body? Answer: 640 Muscles The muscles make
More informationLecture 9A. Muscle structure. Outline
Lecture 9A Muscle structure Outline Smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle tissues Structure and function of skeletal muscle cells. Sarcomeres structure and contraction Actin-myosin interaction and sliding
More informationMuscle Cells & Muscle Fiber Contractions. Packet #8
Muscle Cells & Muscle Fiber Contractions Packet #8 Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and is responsible for movement. Introduction Introduction II Skeletal muscle is composed of bundles of muscle fibers
More informationMuscle Tissue. Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells. Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy
Know these muscles Muscle Tissue Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy 3 Types of Muscle Tissue Skeletal muscle attaches to bone, skin or fascia
More information