Index. Dent Clin N Am 51 (2007) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Dent Clin N Am 51 (2007) Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acupuncture, in persistent facial pain, Analgesic systems, sex differences in, 6 8 Anticholinergic therapy, 235 Anticonvulsant drugs, in neuropathic pain, 213 Antidepressants, in temporomandibular disorders, Arthrocentesis, in temporomandibular joint, Arthroscopy, of temporomandibular joint, Arthrotomy, of temporomandibular joint, B Benzodiazepine therapy, 238 Botulinum toxin, adverse events and side effects associated with, 250 and experimental pain, in animals, 252 in humans, cautions and contraindications to, consent form, 248 for motor disorders, in chronic migraine, 256 in chronic tension-type headache, in focal chronic orodental neuropathic pain, 257 in focal trigeminal neuralgia, in orofacial pain disorders, in trigeminal cephalagia, 258 injection preparation, dosing and effect duration of, 250 mechanism of action of, 249 medical use of, myofascial trigger points and, off-label use of, 246 preinjection checklist, 251 systemic review of, 253 temporomandibular pain and dysfunction, training and injection procedures for, US Food and Drug Administration-approved uses of, 247 Brain imaging studies, of pain, 5 6 Bruxism, 225, 226, C Calcium channels, voltage-gated, in pain conditions, Carbon dioxide levels, pain and, 154 Central nervous system, pain transmission from periphery to, Central sensitivity syndrome, Cephalagia, trigeminal autonomic, botulinum toxin in, 258 Cervical nerves, upper, sensory innervations from, 176 Cervical spine, as origin of head and orofacial pain, conservative care of, disorders of, 161 examination of, history taking in, physical examination in, in head and orofacial pain, in invasive procedures for, with oral appliances, in Cervical traction, mechanical, 184 Cervicogenic headache, and orofacial pain, , 179 Chronic fatigue syndrome, /07/$ - see front matter Ó 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi: /s (06) dental.theclinics.com

2 276 INDEX Complementary and alternative medicine, caregories of, data on use of, for facial pain, scientific evaluation of, in persistent facial pain, Condylotomy, modified, of temporomandibular joint, Counterirritation pain, 6 Cranial neuralgia, classification of, and diagnostic criteria for, 174 D Deafferentation pain, definition of, 211 Deep brain stimulation, in orofacial motor disorders, 234 Demyelination, Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls, 6 7 Disc displacement, in temporomandibular disorders, Diskectomy, of temporomandibular joint, 203 Dizziness, causes of, Dopamine therapy, 238 Dysautonomia, mitral valve prolapse, Dyskinesia(s), drug-induced, treatment of, and dystonic extrapyrimidal reactions, orofacial, drug-induced, 230 risk factors for, 226, spontaneous, and dystonias, treatment of, 235 Dystonia(s), and spontaneous dyskinesia, treatment of, 235 oromandibular, 226, Dystonic extrapyramidal reations, drug-induced, 226, E Exercises, in 183 Extrapyramidal reactions, serotonergic agents causing, 231 stimulant drugs causing, Extrapyrimidal reactions, dystonic, and treatment of drug-induced dyskinesia, F Facial pain, classification of, and diagnostic criteria for, 174 migraine and, 131 persistent, complementary and alternative medicine for, persistent idiopathic, 45 Fatigue, as symptom of pain, 150 Fibromyalgia, G G-protein-coupled receptors, Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist therapy, Gate Control of pain, and pain modulation, 48, 49 Glial activation, and central sensitization, 54 Glial influences on pain, H Hansen s disease, 146 Head, and orofacial pain, cervical spine considerations in, of cervical spine origin, Headache, neuromuscular disorders and, 56 teeth and, tension-type, botulinum toxin in, treatment of, targeting Headache disorders, classification of, and diagnostic criteria for, 174 Heart rate, variability of, as measure of health, Herpes zoster virus, neuralgia following, treatment of, Hypermobility, in temporomandibular disorders, Hyperprolactinemia, Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, , and sleep, Hypothyroidism, 119

3 INDEX 277 I Inflammation, in temporomandibular disorders, 163 Ion channels, voltage-gated, 25 Irritable bowel syndrome, J Joint intracapsular disorders, diagnostic and nonsurgical management considerations in, L Leprosy, 146 M MAP kinase cascades, 49, 50 Mastication, muscles of, orofacial pain and, 154 Masticatory muscle pain, Menstrual migraine, Microvascular decompression, in orofacial motor disorders, Migraine, 129 chronic, botulinum toxin in, facial pain and, 131 menstrual, triggering factors in, 129 Mitral valve prolapse dysautonomia, Motor disorders, hyperkinetic, medications for management of, Motor suppressive medications, Multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome, 117 Muscle spasm, Myalgia disorders, masticatory, diagnostic criteria for, 62 Myectomy, in orofacial motor disorders, 234 Myofascial pain, 53 55, Myofascial trigger points, botulinum toxin and, Myositis, 61 N N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, 50 Neck pain, in temporomandibular disorders, 168 Neuralgia, post-herpetic, treatment of, trigeminal. See Trigeminal neuralgia. Neuromuscular disorders, headache and, 56 Neuronal receptors, and drugs modulating odontogenic pain, 25, Neurons, second-order, 47, 48 Neuropathic pain, in orofacial region, O Occipital nerve, 175 Odontalgia, atypical, and headache, 130 Odontogenic pain, drugs modulating, neuronal receptors and, 25, genetic analysis of, 19 molecular approaches to, 19 peripheral mechanisms of, Opiod analgesia, sex differences in, 7 Oral motor disorders, four most common, Orofacial motor disorder(s), deep brain stimulation in, 234 differential diagnosis of, 232 interventional approaches to, 233 medical treatment strategy in, 233 myectomy in, 234 pallidotomy in, 234 surgical microvascular decompression in, treatment of, Orofacial pain disorder(s), botulinum toxin in, Orofacial pain(s), biological factors contributing to, central mechanisms of, epidemiology of, 1 2 and gender differences in, 1 18 excitory factors in, features of, biopsychosocial model and, gender differences in, 2 impact of central sensitization on, and importance of pain in region, 149 laboratory models of, 4

4 278 INDEX Orofacial pain(s) (continued) management of, biobehavioral approaches to, neuropathic, adjuvant drugs used in, 213, 214 clinical features association with, 211 pathophysiology of, personality disorders and, 148 psychological factors associated with, referrals in, 147 disorders associated with, 105 trauma exposure and, 147 Oromandibular dystonia, 226, P Pain, brain imaging studies of, 5 6 counterirritation, 6 definition of, 45 diagnosis and manaagement of, molecular model of, experimental, responses to, clinical relevance of, 8 9 sex differences in response to, animal research in, 3 human research in, 3 4 experimental studies of, future directions in, facial, migraine and, 131 persistent, complementary and alternative medicine for, persistent idiopathic, 45 fatigue as symptom of, 150 glial inflences on, myofascial. See Myofascial pain. neuropathic, definition of, 210 nociceptive, 210 nonpharmacologic treatment of, responses to, 9 orofacial. See Orofacial pain(s). perception of, pretreatment expectations and, 11 sex differences in, mechanisms underlying, 9 11 processing, central, and central sensitization, sensitivity to, factors reducing, 150 sleep variables and, 151 temporal summation of, 4 5 unremitting, as stressor, Pain-modulating circuits, Pallidotomy, in orofacial motor disorders, 234 Peptides, in tooth pulp, 22 trigeminal system, 22 Personality disorders, orofacial pain and, 148 Physical therapists, temporomandibular disorders and, 161 Posttraumatic stress disorder, Potassium channels, voltage-gated, in pain conditions, Psychiatric disorders, orofacial pain and, 147 Psychological factors, associated with orofacial pain, R Relaxation training, in persistent facial pain, S Sensory neurons, classes of, 22 receptors and ion channels in, Sensory system, afferent, Serotonergic agents, causing extrapyramidal reactions, 231 Skeletal muscle relaxants, Sleep variables, pain and, 151 Sodium channels, voltage-gated, in pain conditions, Stress-related disorders, insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in, 114 T Temporomandibular disorders, 45 acute, symptoms related to, 106, 107 acute to chronic pain in, time course of, 105, 106 and head and orofacial pain, cervical spine considerations in, and headache, epidemiology of, 132 etiology of, nonsurgical treatment of, surgical treatment of, 140 and myofascial pain, and neck pain, 168 and orofacial pain, disorders associated with, 105 antidepressants in, arthrogenous,

5 cervical spine and, cervical spine considerations in, chronic, symptoms related to, 106, 107 classsification of, 115 clinical management of, 121 common, 162 conditions with symptoms common to, disc displacement in, evaluation of, features associated with, fibrous adhesions in, head and orofacial pain in, headache treatment targeting, historical background of, hypermobility in, inflammation in, 163 myogenous, clinical presentation of, cognitive-behavioral therapy in, comorbid conditions and, control of contributing factors in, 78 diagnostic and management considerations in, diagnostic tests in, 67 etiology and epidemiology of, 66 limited range of motion in, muscle exercises in, muscle therapy in, muscle weakness in, 63, 64 orthopedic intraoral splints in, pain clinic team management in, pain in, 63 pathophysiology of, pharmacotherapy in, self-care in, 69, 71 treatment of, physical therapists and, 161 physical therapy management of, 161 studies of, Temporomandibular joint, anatomy of, anterior positioning appliance, 93 arthrocentesis in, arthroscopy of, disc derangement disorders of, 133 INDEX 279 disc displacement with reduction, 89 91, treatment of, disc displacement without reduction, 91, treatment of, diskectomy of, 203 inflammatory conditions of, intracapsular disorders of, nonsurgical management of, supportive therapies in, 96 97, 99 modified condylotomy of, normal function of, pain in, replacement of, surgery of, arthrotomy in, for internal derangement, indications for, open joint, Tinnitus, subjective, and secondary otalgia, Tooth pulp, composition of, Tooth (Teeth), and headache, innervation of, 22 Toothache, atypical odontalgia/ non-odontogenic, study of peripheral pain mechanisms and, 20 Transient receptor potential channels, in transduction of sensory stimuli, Trigeminal deafferentation, Trigeminal neuralgia, botulinum toxin in, incidence of, 215 mechanisms of, 216, 218 pre-trigeminal neuralgia before, 216 secondary to dental treatments, treatment of, , 218 trigger zones of, 215 Trigeminal nucleus caudalis, 46, 47 Trigeminal pain, 145 Trigeminocervical nucleus, Tryptase, release of, 23