Index. Surg Clin N Am 87 (2007) Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Surg Clin N Am 87 (2007) Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Abscesses in anorectal Crohn s disease, 622 intra-abdominal, in Crohn s disease, perirectal, in Crohn s disease, in children, 653 Acquired immune responses, in intestinal immune system, 683 Adacolumn, in leukocyte filtration, for inflammatory bowel disease, Adalimumab for Crohn s disease, adverse effects of, 719 Adenocarcinoma anorectal Crohn s disease and, small bowel, Crohn s disease and, 667 Alternative and complementary therapies, Aminosalicylates for Crohn s disease, , 708 adverse effects of, for ulcerative colitis, , in children, 645 to prevent colorectal cancer, in inflammatory bowel disease, 668 to prevent dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, Anal fissures, in anorectal Crohn s disease, Ankylosing spondylitis, in Crohn s disease, 675 Anorectal Crohn s disease. See Crohn s disease. Anovaginal fistulas, in anorectal Crohn s disease, 623 Antibiotics for Crohn s disease, 701 adverse effects of, for pouchitis, in ulcerative colitis, 716 for ulcerative colitis, 713 Antidepressants, for Crohn s disease, 678 Antigen-presenting cells, in intestinal immune system, 683 Antigen-specific adaptive immune responses, in intestinal immune system, 683 Anxiety, in Crohn s disease, 677 Aphthous ulcers, in Crohn s disease, 581 Appendectomies, and inflammatory bowel disease, 577 Arthropathy, in Crohn s disease, 675 Azathioprine for Crohn s disease, 705, 708 for ulcerative colitis, , 715 to prevent recurrent Crohn s disease, B Bacterial flagellin, in inflammatory bowel disease, 691 Balloon dilatation, of strictures, in Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 615 Barrett s esophagus and esophageal cancer, 660 cytokines in, 660 Behçet s disease, in Crohn s disease, /07/$ - see front matter Ó 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi: /s (07) surgical.theclinics.com

2 788 INDEX Biologic agents 728 for ulcerative colitis, in children, 646 Biomarkers, for dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, 755 Biopsy, endoscopic of Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 612 of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 763 Bone marrow transplantation, for inflammatory bowel disease, 738 Bone mineral density, decreased, in Crohn s disease, Bronchiectasis, in Crohn s disease, 677 Bronchiolitis, in Crohn s disease, 677 Budesonide for Crohn s disease, 702, 708 to prevent recurrent Crohn s disease, 604 Bypass procedures, for Crohn s disease, 599 and colorectal cancer, 666 of colon and rectum, C CARD15/NOD2, in inflammatory bowel disease, 689, Cell surface adhesion molecules, in animal models, of inflammatory bowel disease, 688 Cellsorba, in leukocyte filtration, for inflammatory bowel disease, Certolizumab, for inflammatory bowel disease, Chemoprevention of dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, of neoplastic disease, with inflammatory bowel disease, 668 Ciprofloxacin, for inflammatory bowel disease, adverse effects of, 717 Colectomy with ileoproctostomy, for ulcerative colitis, 637 with ileorectal anastomosis, for Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 618 with ileostomy, for ulcerative colitis, 636, 638 Collagenous colitis, versus idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, Colon, Crohn s disease of. See Crohn s disease. Colonoscopy, surveillance. See Surveillance colonoscopy. Colorectal cancer Crohn s disease and. See Crohn s disease. inflammatory bowel disease and. See Inflammatory bowel disease. ulcerative colitis and. See Ulcerative colitis. Computed tomography, of Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 612 Crohn s disease. See also Inflammatory bowel disease. anorectal, clinical features of, 620 diagnosis of, medical management of, 621 surgical management of, fecal diversion in, for abscesses, 622 for anal skin tags and hemorrhoids, 621 for fissures, for fistulas, for malignancy, for stenosis and strictures, 624 proctectomy in, 626 to control proximal bowel, 625 clinical features of, 579 complications of, 580 extra-intestinal features of, and quality of life, 678 mucocutaneous, 676 musculoskeletal, ocular, psychological, pulmonary, 677 gross pathology of, 581, histologic features of, 581 historical aspects of, 587 in children, diagnosis of, 650 epidemiology of, medical management of, active disease, 651 disease in remission, 651 pathophysiology of, 649 surgical management of, for hemorrhage, for intra-abdominal abscesses, 653

3 for perianal fistulas, 653 for perirectal abscesses, 653 for strictures, 652 medical management of, adalimumab in, 729 certolizumab in, Crohn s Disease Activity Index in, 699, 733 for perianal fistulas, 709 for recurrent disease, helminth ova therapy in, induction of remission, infliximab in, maintenance of remission, adalimumab in, aminosalicylates in, 708 infliximab in, 708 steroids in, 708 thiopurine antimetabolites in, 708 mild disease, aminosalicylates in, antibiotics in, 701 moderate disease, steroids in, 702 natalizumab in, 730 severe disease, adalimumab in, 707 enteral nutrition in, 704 infliximab in, S-methyltransferase enzyme assay in, steroids in, thiopurine antimetabolites in, 705 top-down versus stepup approach in, 707 visilizumab in, neoplastic disease with, chemoprevention of, 668 colorectal cancer, , 744 incidence of, 665 risk factors for, 666 small bowel adenocarcinoma, 667 of colon and rectum, clinical features of, diagnosis of, 612 medical management of, 613 surgical management of diverting stoma and bypass procedures in, extent of resection in, 618 for dysplasia and malignancy, for fistulas, for hemorrhage, 616 INDEX 789 for obstruction and strictures, 615 for toxic megacolon, ileal pouch anal anastomosis in, options for, postoperative care for, pouchitis in, surgical management of, approach to, bypass procedures in, 599 fast-track multimodal rehabilitation in, 598 ileostomy in, 599 laparoscopic, open laparotomy in, resection in, strictureplasty in, complications of, 602 frequency of, indications for, failed medical treatment, 594 failure to thrive, 595 fistulas, free perforation, 591 gastroduodenal disease, hemorrhage, 594 intestinal obstruction, intra-abdominal abscesses, malignancy, obstructive uropathy, 595 intraoperative challenges in, outcome of, philosophy of, 588 preparation for, quality of life after, recurrent disease after, symptoms of, by location, esophageal, 579 gastroduodenal, versus ulcerative colitis, Crohn s Disease Activity Index, scoring in, 699, 733 Crypt branching, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, Cuffitis, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 783

4 790 INDEX Cyclosporine adverse effects of, 719 for ulcerative colitis, in children, 645 Cytokines in animal models, of inflammatory bowel disease, in Barrett s esophagus, 660 D Depression, in Crohn s disease, Diversion colitis, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 784 Diverticular disease associated colitis, versus idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 781 Diverting stoma for anorectal Crohn s disease, rectum, Dysplasia in Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, , surveillance colonoscopy for, 771, Dysplasia-associated lesions or masses in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 772 in inflammatory bowel disease, macroscopic classification of, management of, microscopic classification of, natural history of, in ulcerative colitis, E Endorectal advancement flaps, for perianal fistulas, in Crohn s disease, 622 Endoscopic biopsy of Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 612 of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 763 Enteral nutrition, for Crohn s disease, 704 Enterocutaneous fistulas, in Crohn s disease, Enteroenteric fistulas, in Crohn s disease, Enterovaginal fistulas, in Crohn s disease, 592 Enterovesical fistulas, in Crohn s disease, 592 Erythema nodosum, in Crohn s disease, 676 Esophageal cancer, Barrett s esophagus and, 660 Esophageal involvement, by Crohn s disease, 579 Exclusive enteral nutrition, for Crohn s disease, F Failure to thrive, in Crohn s disease, 595 Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome, proctocolectomy with restorative J-pouch and, Fecal diversion for anorectal Crohn s disease, rectum, Finney strictureplasty, for Crohn s disease, 600 Fissures, in anorectal Crohn s disease, Fistulas in anorectal Crohn s disease, in Crohn s disease, medical management of, 709 of colon and rectum, perianal, in Crohn s disease, in children, 653 Flagellin, bacterial, in inflammatory bowel disease, 691 Folate supplementation, to prevent colorectal cancer, in inflammatory bowel disease, 668 Fractures, in Crohn s disease, 675 Frozen sections, of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, G Gallbladder cancer, with inflammatory bowel disease, 660 Gastric cancer, with inflammatory bowel disease, 660

5 Gastroduodenal involvement, by Crohn s disease, surgical management of, Gastrointestinal epithelium, in intestinal immune system, 683 Genetic changes, in inflammatory bowel disease. See Inflammatory bowel disease. H Heineke-Mikulicz strictureplasty, for Crohn s disease, 600 Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastric cancer, 660 Helminth ova therapy, for inflammatory bowel disease, Helminths and inflammatory bowel disease, prior infestation with, and prevention of inflammatory bowel disease, Hemorrhage, in Crohn s disease, 594 in children, of colon and rectum, 616 Hemorrhoids, in anorectal Crohn s disease, 621 Herbs, 736 I IBD3, in inflammatory bowel disease, IBD5, in inflammatory bowel disease, 690 IBD Dysplasia Morphology Study Group system, to classify dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, Ileal pouch dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, 753 Ileal pouch anal anastomosis rectum, with proctocolectomy, for ulcerative colitis, Ileocolic resection, of Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, Ileoproctostomy, with colectomy, for ulcerative colitis, 637 Ileostomy for Crohn s disease, 599 INDEX 791 with colectomy, for ulcerative colitis, 636, 638 with proctocolectomy, for ulcerative colitis, 634, Ileum, terminal, Crohn s disease in, 579 Immune system, and inflammatory bowel disease, 578 Immunosuppressants for Crohn s disease indications for, 593 adverse effects of, 719 for ulcerative colitis, in children, 645 Indeterminate colitis, gross pathology of, 780 Infections and inflammatory bowel disease, 578 versus idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, Inflammatory bowel disease. See also Crohn s disease; Ulcerative colitis. and colorectal cancer pathogenesis of, 745 prevalence of, risk factors for, epidemiology of, etiology of, environmental factors in, genetics in, immunologic factors in, 578 infection in, 578 idiopathic Crohn s disease versus ulcerative colitis, cuffitis in, 783 diversion colitis in, 784 dysplasia-associated lesions or masses in, 772 dysplasia in, , surveillance colonoscopy for, 771, frozen sections in, gross pathology of, indeterminate colitis, 780 terminology for, irritable pouch syndrome in, 783 pathologist/surgeon interface in, perioperative, postoperative, preoperative, 763 pouchitis in, versus colitis, crypt branching in,

6 792 INDEX Inflammatory (continued) Paneth cell metaplasia in, 765 versus diverticular diseaseassociated colitis, 781 versus infection, versus ischemic lesions, 780 versus lymphocytic or collagenous colitis, immunologic and molecular mechanisms of, animal models of, cell surface adhesion molecules in, 688 cytokines in, T cells in, transforming growth factor b in, 687 tumor necrosis factor a in, 686 cellular constituents of intestinal immune system, acquired responses, 683 antigen-presenting cells, 683 antigen-specific adaptive responses, 683 gastrointestinal epithelium, 683 innate immune responses, T cells, 684 environmental factors, genetic changes, bacterial flagellin, 691 CARD15/NOD2, 689, IBD3, IBD5, 690 interleukin 23, 690 NF-kB, 689 toll-like receptors, intestinal immune responses, medical management of, adverse effects of, adalimumab, 719 ciprofloxacin, 717 cyclosporine, 719 infliximab, 719 mesalamine, 717 methotrexate, metronidazole, rifaximin, 718 steroids, 718 sulfasalazine, thiopurine antimetabolites, 718 novel medical management of, adalimumab in, 729 alternative and complementary therapies in, herbs, 736 naturopathies, 736 supplements, 736 biologic agents in, 728 bone marrow and stem cell transplantation in, 738 certolizumab in, helminth ova therapy in, infliximab in, leukocyte filtration in, natalizumab in, 730 probiotics in, 731 visilizumab in, surveillance colonoscopy for. See Surveillance colonoscopy. Infliximab for Crohn s disease, , 708 of colon and rectum, 615 for enterocutaneous fistulas, in Crohn s disease, adverse effects of, 719 for ulcerative colitis, 714, 715 Innate immune responses, in intestinal immune system, Interleukin 23, in inflammatory bowel disease, 690 Intestinal obstruction, in Crohn s disease, Intra-abdominal abscesses, in Crohn s disease, Irritable pouch syndrome, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 783 Ischemic lesions, versus idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 780 J J-pouch, restorative, with proctocolectomy, for ulcerative colitis, K Kock pouch, with proctocolectomy, for ulcerative colitis, L Laparoscopic surgery for Crohn s disease,

7 INDEX 793 in children, 652 for ulcerative colitis, in children, 648 Laparotomy, open, for Crohn s disease, Leukocyte infiltration, for inflammatory bowel disease, Lymphocytic colitis, versus idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, adverse effects of, 719 for ulcerative colitis, 714, 715 Mucocutaneous features, of Crohn s disease, 676 Multimodal rehabilitation, for Crohn s disease, Musculoskeletal features, of Crohn s disease, M Magnification chromoendoscopy, of dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, Malignancies in anorectal Crohn s disease, in Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, Mercaptopurine for Crohn s disease, 705, 708 for ulcerative colitis, in children, to prevent recurrent Crohn s disease, Mesalamine for Crohn s disease, , 708 adverse effects of, 717 for ulcerative colitis, , 715 Methotrexate for Crohn s disease, 706, for ulcerative colitis, 715 S-Methyltransferase enzyme assay, for Crohn s disease, Metronidazole for Crohn s disease, 701 adverse effects of, Molecular diagnosis, of dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, 755 Monoclonal antibodies for Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, 615 for enterocutaneous fistulas, in Crohn s disease, N Natalizumab, for inflammatory bowel disease, 730 Naturopathies, for inflammatory bowel disease, 736 NF-kB, in inflammatory bowel disease, 689 O Obstructive uropathy, in Crohn s disease, 595 Ocular features, of Crohn s disease, Osteoporosis, in Crohn s disease, P Paneth cell metaplasia, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 765 Percutaneous drainage, of intra-abdominal abscesses in Crohn s disease, Perforation, in Crohn s disease, 591 Perianal abscesses, in anorectal Crohn s disease, 622 Perianal fistulas in anorectal Crohn s disease, in Crohn s disease medical management of, 709 Perirectal abscesses, in Crohn s disease, in children, 653 Porcine whipworm, and inflammatory bowel disease, Pouchitis in Crohn s disease, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and, 636, , 731

8 794 INDEX Prednisone for Crohn s disease, 703 Primary sclerosing cholangitis, and colorectal cancer, 664 Probiotics, 731 Proctectomy for anorectal Crohn s disease, 626 rectum, Proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis, in children, with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, for ulcerative colitis, with ileostomy, for ulcerative colitis, 634 with Kock pouch, for ulcerative colitis, with restorative J-pouch, for ulcerative colitis, Proximal bowel, control of, for anorectal Crohn s disease, 625 Psoriasis, in Crohn s disease, 676 Psychological features, of Crohn s disease, Psychosis, in Crohn s disease, 678 Pulmonary features, of Crohn s disease, 677 Pyoderma gangrenosum, in Crohn s disease, 676 Q Quality of life, after surgery, for Crohn s disease, R Rectovaginal fistulas, in anorectal Crohn s disease, 623 Rectum, Crohn s disease of. See Crohn s disease. Rifaximin for Crohn s disease, 701 S Schizophrenia, in Crohn s disease, 678 Setons, for perianal fistulas, in Crohn s disease, 622 Short bowel syndrome, after surgery, for Crohn s disease, 602 Skin tags, in anorectal Crohn s disease, 621 Small bowel cancer, Crohn s disease and, 595, 667 Smoking and inflammatory bowel disease, 577 and recurrent Crohn s disease, 603 Sphincterotomy, for anal fissures, in Crohn s disease, 624 Squamous cell carcinoma, in anorectal Crohn s disease, Stem cell transplantation, for inflammatory bowel disease, 738 Steroids for Crohn s disease, 702, , 708 for ulcerative colitis, 712, 713 in children, 645 to prevent recurrent Crohn s disease, 604 Stoma, diverting for anorectal Crohn s disease, rectum, Strictureplasty, for Crohn s disease, in children, 652 Strictures in anorectal Crohn s disease, 624 in Crohn s disease and colorectal cancer, 666 balloon dilatation of, , 615 in children, 652 of colon and rectum, 615 Sulfasalazine for Crohn s disease, adverse effects of, for ulcerative colitis, , Supplements, for inflammatory bowel disease, 736 Surveillance colonoscopy rectum, 617

9 for dysplasia, in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, 771, , biopsy in, 751 guidelines for, limitations of, 754 with dysplasia-associated lesions or masses, with ileal pouch dysplasia, 753 T T cells in animal models, of inflammatory bowel disease, in intestinal immune system, 684 Tacrolimus, for ulcerative colitis, in children, 646 Thiopurine antimetabolites for Crohn s disease, 705, 708 for ulcerative colitis, , 715 in children, to prevent recurrent Crohn s disease, Toll-like receptors, in inflammatory bowel disease, Toxic megacolon in Crohn s disease, of colon and rectum, in ulcerative colitis, Transforming growth factor b, in animal models, of inflammatory bowel disease, 686 Trichuris suis, and inflammatory bowel disease, Truelove and Witts Severity Index, for ulcerative colitis, 711 Tumor necrosis a, in animal models, of inflammatory bowel disease, 686 U Ulcerative colitis. See also Inflammatory bowel disease. clinical features of, elective surgical management of, indications for, proctocolectomy with ileostomy in, 634 INDEX 795 proctocolectomy with Kock pouch in, restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis in, subtotal colectomy with ileoproctostomy in, 637 subtotal colectomy with ileostomy in, 636 emergent surgical management of, 638 indications for, 638 subtotal colectomy with ileostomy in, 638 gross pathology of, 583, histologic features of, 583 in children, diagnosis of, 644 epidemiology of, medical management of, induction of remission, 645 maintenance of remission, pathophysiology of, 644 surgical management of, laparoscopic, 648 proctocolectomy in, medical management of, for pouchitis, , 731 antibiotics in, 716 VSL#3 in, 716 helminth ova therapy in, 734 induction of remission, maintenance of remission, aminosalicylates in, infliximab in, 715, 729 methotrexate in, 715 thiopurine antimetabolites in, 715 mild to moderate distal disease, aminosalicylates in, mild to moderate extensive disease, 712 severe and fulminant disease, antibiotics in, 713 infliximab in, 714 steroids in, 713 thiopurine antimetabolites in, Truelove and Witts Severity Index in, 711 visilizumab in, neoplastic disease with, chemoprevention of, 668

10 796 INDEX Ulcerative (continued) chronic inflammatory states and cancer, colorectal cancer, 583, incidence of, primary sclerosing cholangitis and, 664 proctocolectomy and restorative J-pouch for, risk factors for, dysplasia-associated lesions or masses, pathobiology of, 660 surveillance for, 669 pathophysiology of, prevention of, prior helminth infestation in, versus Crohn s disease, Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index, for helminth ova therapy, 734 Ulcers, aphthous, in Crohn s disease, 581 Ursodeoxycholic acid to prevent colorectal cancer, in inflammatory bowel disease, 668 to prevent dysplasia, in inflammatory bowel disease, 756 Uveitis, in Crohn s disease, V Visilizumab, for inflammatory bowel disease, VSL#3, for pouchitis, in ulcerative colitis, 716