1. Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Ureter 1

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1 CONTENTS 1. Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Ureter Antenatal Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction Bilateral Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction Circumcaval Ureter Crossed Renal Fused Ectopia Retroiliac Ureter with Contralateral Transverse Malrotation of Kidney Double Moiety with Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction Lower Moiety Ectopic Pelvic Kidney Ectopic Ureter Equivocal Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction Extrarenal Pelvis and Calyces Incomplete Duplication of Ureter Megapelvis Primary Megaureter Parapelvic Cyst Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction with Ectopic Kidney Persistent Umbilical Artery Causing Ureteral Obstruction Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction with Calculi Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction with Malrotated Kidney Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction with Megapelvis Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction with Single Kidney Pelvic Ectopic Kidney Ureterocele Vesicoureteral Reflux Congenital Anomalies of Lower Urinary Tract Chordee without Hypospadias Complete Duplication of Urethra Penile Duplication Bladder Exstrophy in Adult Males Epispadias Incomplete Duplication of Urethra Megalourethra Posterior Urethral Valve Parameatal Cyst Paraureteric Bladder Diverticulum Undescended Testis Penoscrotal Transposition Webbed Penis 97

2 xiv Challenging and Rare Cases in Urology 3. Adrenal Gland Adrenal Pheochromocytoma Adrenal Adenoma Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Mimicking Pheochromocytoma Adrenal Cyst Conn s Syndrome Castleman s Disease Mimicking Adrenal Tumor Multiple Pheochromocytoma Pheochromocytoma Involving Right Renal Artery Pheochromocytoma with Calcification Recurrent Pheochromocytoma Kidney Tumors Angiomyolipoma Divergent Differential Pelvic Tumor Hydatid Cyst of Kidney Incidental Large Renal Tumors Incidental Renal Cell Carcinoma with Adrenal Hyperplasia Left Renal Cell Carcinoma with IVC Thrombus Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Renal Pelvis Primary Malignant Neuroepithelial Tumors of the Kidney Renal Cell Carcinoma Partial Nephrectomy Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma Renal Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Adrenal Tumors Renal Cell Carcinoma with Cholelithiasis Renal Cell Carcinoma with Hypercalcemia Renal Cell Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus Renal Cell Carcinoma with Metastasis Pyrexia of Unknown Origin as Presentation for Renal Cell Carcinoma with Lung Metastasis Renal Cell Carcinoma with Renal Calcification Renal Cell Carcinoma with Calculi Renal Pseudotumor Renal Tumor with Renal Cyst Splenic Tumor Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma Incidental Detection of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis Von Hippel-Lindau Disease Upper Tract Urothelial Tumor Bilateral Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Tract Small Superior Calyceal Tumor Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis 232

3 Contents xv 6. Urolithiasis Bilateral Renal Stones Crossed Renal Ectopia with Calculi Eggshell Calcification of Kidney Endemic Calculi Horseshoe Kidney with Calculi Matrix Calculi Megaureter with Calculi Milk of Calcium in Kidney Postnephrectomy Residual Ureteric Calculi Prostatic Calculi Steinstrasse Following Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Ureteric Calculus Abnormal Shape Ureteric Stricture Following Ureteroscopy Genitourinary Tuberculosis Genitourinary Tuberculosis Augmentation Cystoplasty Genitourinary Tuberculosis Gastric Augmentation Cystoplasty with Trans-uretero-ureteral Anastomosis Genitourinary Tuberculosis Renal Failure Genitourinary Tuberculosis with Congenital Single Kidney Genitourinary Tuberculosis with Replacement of Ureter Genitourinary Tuberculosis with Renal Calcification Genitourinary Tuberculosis with Multiple Organ Involvement Genitourinary Tuberculosis with Nonfunctioning Kidney with Thimble Bladder Genitourinary Tuberculosis Partial Nephrectomy Tubercular Ureteric Stricture Tubercular Bladder Tubercular Epididymitis Tubercular Prostatitis Neurovesical Dysfunction Neurogenic Bladder with Sphincteric Weakness Neurogenic Bladder with Urethral Diverticulum Pine Tree Appearance with Neurogenic Bladder Neurogenic Bladder with Vesicoureteral Reflux and Chronic Kidney Disease Neurogenic Bladder with Incontinence of Urine Urinary Bladder Diseases Bladder Cancer with Parotid Metastasis Bladder Dysplasia Bladder Pheochromocytoma Cloacal Anomaly with Bladder Tumor Cystitis Cystica Glandularis Foreign Body Urinary Bladder 340

4 xvi Challenging and Rare Cases in Urology 9.7 Paraureteric Diverticulum with Tumor Bladder Diverticulum in Adults Carcinoma Urinary Bladder in a 128-Year-Old Man Carcinoma Bladder with Renal Stone Prostatic Diseases Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Bladder Diverticulum Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Chronic Renal Failure Carcinoma Prostate with Family History Carcinoma Prostate with Metastasis in Bladder Concurrent Carcinoma Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer Granulomatous Prostatitis Large Prostate with No Obstruction Malakoplakia Prostate Metastasis Lower Ureter from Cancer Prostate Peau D orange from Prostate Cancer Postradiation Hemorrhagic Cystitis for Cancer Prostate Urethral Diseases Congenital Anterior Urethral Obstruction Continent Diversion for Stricture Urethra Foreign Body in Urethra Gunshot Injury with Stricture Urethra and Recto-urethral Fistula Lateral Perineoscrotal Flap Urethroplasty Neophallus with Urethral Fistula Post-hypospadias Stricture Urethra Stricture Urethra Syringocele Supraprostatic Stricture Urethra Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Male Urethra Complex Urethral Stricture in Children Congenital Urethral Diverticulum Post-urethroplasty Urethral Diverticulum with Calculi Testicular Tumors Non-Hodgkin s Lymphoma of Testis Post-orchidopexy Testicular Tumor Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor Penile Diseases Corporal Abscess Fracture Penis Penile Strangulation Peyronie s Disease Penile Carcinoma In Situ 466

5 Contents xvii 13.6 Preputial Tumor Penile Melanoma Lateral Curvature of the Penis Female Urology Bladder Stone Over Tension-free Vaginal Tape Choriocarcinoma Urethra Female Epispadias in Adults Failed Tension-free Vaginal Tape Female Exstrophy Bladder and Complete Urethral Epispadias in Adult Malignant Melanoma Female Urethra Gartner s Cyst Paraurethral Cyst Vault Recurrence Following Carcinoma Cervix Ureterovaginal Fistula Female Urethral Carcinoma Urethral Caruncle Uterovesical Fistula Vesicovaginal Fistula with Bladder Calculi Post-hysterectomy Bilateral Ureteric and Bladder Injury Ureterovaginal Fistula with Ureteral Duplication Miscellaneous Chyluria Filarial Scrotum Intersex True Hermaphrodite Pelvic Lipomatosis Postnephrectomy Residual Kidney Renal Artery Aneurysm Renal Lymphangioma Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Retrovesical Hydatid Cyst 542 Index 545

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