STUDENT NAME DATE ID. Biology - 9 th Grade

Transcription

1 STUDENT NAME DATE ID Biology - 9 th Grade Administered March 2004

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3 FORMULA CHART for Grade 9 Science Assessment Density = heat gained or ( ) = mass in change in specific lost by water ( grams )( temperature )( heat ) Speed = Acceleration = Momentum = mass velocity Force = mass acceleration Work = force distance Power = % efficiency = 100 Kinetic energy = (mass velocity 2 ) Gravitational potential energy = mass acceleration due to gravity height Energy = mass (speed of light) 2 Velocity of a wave = frequency wavelength Current = mass volume distance time Electrical power = voltage current Electrical energy = power time Page 3 final velocity initial velocity change in time Constants/Conversions g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s 2 c = speed of light = m/s speed of sound = 343 m/s at 20 C 1 cm 3 = 1 ml 1 wave/second = 1 hertz (Hz) 1 calorie (cal) = 4.18 joules 1000 calories (cal) = 1 Calorie (Cal) = 1 kilocalorie (kcal) newton (N) = kgm/s 2 joule (J) = Nm watt (W) = J/s = Nm/s volt (V) ampere (A) ohm (Ω) D = Q = (m)( T)(Cp) s = a = p = mv F = ma W = Fd P = % = 100 KE = GPE = mgh E = mc 2 v = fλ I = m v d t V R P= VI E = Pt v f v i t W t W O W I mv 2 2 Centimeters

4 Periodic Table of the Elements Group 1 IA 1 H Hydrogen 2 IIA 3 4 Li Be Lithium Beryllium Na Mg Sodium Magnesium K Ca IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII Sc Ti V Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Cr Mn Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru (98) Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Cesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt (223) (261) (262) (263) (262) (265) (266) Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Fe Co Rh Ir Lanthanide Series Actinide Series 58 Ce Pr Pa Nd U Pm Np Sm (145) Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium 90 Th Pu (244) Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium IB 28 Ni Pd Pt Atomic number Symbol Atomic mass 29 Cu Ag Au 12 IIB 30 Zn Cd Hg 14 Si Silicon Ga In Sn Sb Te I Tl Ge Pb Name As Bi Se Po Br At 18 VIIIA He IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA Helium B C N O F Ne Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Al Si P S Cl Ar Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon (209) (210) (222) Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon 110 Mass numbers in parentheses are those of the most stable or most common isotope. (269) 2 Kr Xe Rn 63 Eu Am 64 Gd Cm 65 Tb Bk 66 Dy Cf 67 Ho Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Es (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262) Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium 68 Er 100 Fm 69 Tm 101 Md 70 Yb 102 No 71 Lu 103 Lr Revised October 15, 2001 Page

5 DIRECTIONS Read each question and choose the best answer. Then fill in the correct answer on your answer document. SAMPLE A When a 10% hydrochloric acid solution is heated in an open test tube, the test tube should always be pointed - A B C D so bubbles are visible at a 180 o angle from the flame toward a ventilated area away from nearby people Page 5

6 SAMPLE B MASS = 40 g VOLUME = 20 ml The picture shows a cube that contains 20 ml of a solution. The solution has a mass of 40 grams. What is the density in g/ml of this solution? Record and bubble on the answer document. Page 6 STOP Biology Interim III; SAISD Standard: 39/55; TAKS Commended: 51/55

7 Use the graph below to answer question 1. Time Between Classes Time (minutes) 1 The science students were given an assignment to create a graph that represents their movement between classes. Which situation best describes the graph shown above? A Billy remains in his seat for 20 seconds. He then walks slowly into the hallway. He stops and talks with friends, goes farther down the hall, and talks to more friends. Finally, he hurries back to class. B Hector rushes out of the room immediately after the bell rings. He then gets slowed by traffic before reaching the restroom. He then walks down the hall and speaks to friends before hurrying back to class. C Nancy leaves the room as soon as the bell rings, runs 110 feet down the hall, stops to talk with friends, and then walks slowly back to class. D Jasmine remains in her seat until the teacher dismisses the class. She then walks slowly down the hall with her friends, stops at the water fountain, and rushes back to class so she will not be tardy. Page 6

8 The graph below shows a beetle s movement along a plant stem. 10 Beetle's Movement Along a Plant Stem Time (min) What conclusion can be drawn about the movement of the beetle between minutes 6 and 14? A The beetle was slowing down. B The beetle was moving backwards. C The beetle was moving faster. D The beetle was not moving. Page 7

9 A scientist studied a specific strand of DNA from four species of elephants. The sequences of the DNA strands are shown in the chart below. 3 According to the chart, which two species of elephants are most closely related? A Species 1 and 2 B Species 1 and 3 C Species 2 and 4 D Species 3 and 4 Page 8

10 4 A biologist reported success in breeding a tiger with a lion, producing healthy offspring. Other biologists will accept this report as fact only if A research shows that other animals can be crossbred B the offspring are given a scientific name C the biologist included a control in the experiment D other researchers can replicate the experiment Biology Plant Experiment Number of Plants Hours of Light Given Temperature Water added F Daily F Daily A group of biology students plan an experiment to test the effect of temperature on plant growth. They plant beet seeds in 10 identical pots. Five pots are placed in a room that is kept at 70 F and given 10 hours of light each day. Five pots are placed in another room that is kept at 40 F and given 8 hours of light each day. Both sets of plants are watered every other day. After three weeks, all the plants in the warmer room are larger than the plants in the colder room. The biology students concluded that beet plants grow faster at 70 F than at 40 F, but the teacher told them they had made an error in their experiment. 5 Which of the following is the error that the students made in their experimental set up? A The two groups of plants were grown from the same type of seeds. B The students did not water the plants every day. C The two groups of plants were grown at different temperatures. D The students did not keep all things constant except temperature. 6 Which cell has the ability to affect future generations if a sudden change in the DNA of a chromosome occurs? A Skin cell B Liver cell C Sex cell D Brain cell Page 9

11 Average Annual Rainfall Under 8 inches 8 to 16 inches 16 to 32 inches 32 to 48 inches Over 48 inches 7 Based on the information in the map above, which area would have the least amount of vegetation? A Area 1 B Area 2 C Area 3 D Area 4 A wildlife biologist is investigating a sudden increase in the death rate among several bird species. She has not been able to determine what disease or toxin is causing the deaths, but she has found that many of the sick birds are exhibiting a shortage of dissolved oxygen and a buildup of dissolved carbon dioxide in their blood cells. 8 Which of these body systems in the sick birds is most likely functioning improperly? A Muscular B Excretory C Circulatory D Reproductive Page 10

12 9 When critiquing any scientific explanation it is important to A use the scientific method B separate fact from opinion C look for real world connections D rephrase any confusing language CO 2 Lactic acid Cramping 10 Hard, continuous exercise can cause the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood and body tissue. This build up of lactic acid can lead to cramping. Which system is reacting to the accumulation of lactic acid by cramping? A Muscular B Digestive C Skeletal D Integumentary 11 After an oil spill on one of the Great Lakes, several hundred water birds were coated with oil. To prepare for an experiment, a wildlife biologist has gathered several different brands of detergent known to remove oil from birds. Which of these questions is the scientist probably planning to investigate? A Which species of bird is best cleaned by detergents? B Which brand of detergent is best for producing suds? C Which brand of detergent is best for removing oil from birds? D Which species of bird is allergic to detergents? 12 In plant cells, the organelles that conduct photosynthesis and the organelles that conduct cellular respiration are the A chloroplasts and chromplasts B chromoplasts and leukoplasts C leukoplasts and mitochondria D chloroplasts and mitochondria Page 11

13 A biology class is doing an experiment that tests the behavioral pattern of garden snakes on rough and smooth terrains. Each group has to design their own habitat. One group chooses to use plastic tubing in their experiment, but they are having trouble measuring the tube. Using a centimeter ruler, measure the length of this cylinder from Point A to Point B. 13 Which is the approximate length of the tubing, to the nearest tenth of a centimeter? A 5.8 mm B 5.2 cm C 5.2 mm D 5.8 cm The diagram below shows a section of DNA that was used to produce a strand of RNA. 14 What process produced this strand of RNA? A Transcription B Osmosis C Translation D Mitosis Page 12

14 The diagram below shows a simplified energy pyramid for an ecosystem. 15 Which statement is true about the flow of energy through the energy pyramid represented above? A Energy starts at Levels 3 and 4 moves to Levels 1 and 2. B The amount of energy increases as it moves from Level 1 to Level 4. C There is little loss of energy as it moves from one trophic level to another. D The amount of energy decreases as it moves upward through the trophic levels. Page 13

15 Use the information and the table below to answer question 16. Cytochrome c is a molecule that is found in mitochondria. It can be an indicator of whether two different organisms are related. CYTOCHROME c AMINO ACID DIFFERENCES human 0 monkey 1 0 pig, sheep rabbit kangaroo chicken, turkey duck rattlesnake turtle tuna Comparisons can be made between two different organisms by using the information above. The number found in the square where column and row intersect, represents how many amino acids are different in the cytochrome c of both organisms. For example, the number of amino acids that are different when comparing a rabbit's cytochrome c with a tuna's cytochrome c is 17. The larger the number, the greater the difference in the structure of the cytochrome c molecules of the two organisms. 16 According to the table, which pair of organisms is most closely related? A A chicken and a duck B A monkey and a pig C A rattlesnake and a tuna D A rabbit and a sheep Page 14

16 The photographs below show some physical similarities between a mother and her daughter. 17 Which conclusion can be drawn regarding these similarities? A The DNA present in the body cells of each of these women is identical. B The percentage of their genetic proteins that are the same is high. C The mutation rate is the same in their body cells. D The base sequences of their genes are identical. Page 15

17 The diagram below shows two related fox species. The red fox s reddish coloring allows it to blend into its forest habitat, while the kit fox s beige coloring allows it to blend into its desert environment. The red fox has small ears, while the kit fox has large ears to help rid its body of heat. 18 Which of the following statements gives the best explanation for the differences between these foxes? A The foxes developed different adaptations because the kit fox preferred sunnier environments. B The foxes evolved differently to prevent competition for the same resources. C The foxes evolved differently because their ancestors were trying to avoid overpopulation. D The foxes evolved differences in appearance as they adapted to different environments. 19 Which body system uses chemical and electrical signals to communicate with other parts of the body? A Nervous B Circulatory C Excretory D Digestive Page 16

18 20 One of the organisms below is from an environment that has cold winters with temperatures often below freezing and hot summers with temperatures often above 75 F. It receives a moderate amount of rainfall and snow annually. Which of these organisms would most likely live in this environment? A C some images some images B D some images some images Page 17

19 Use the information below to answer question 21. The presence of the Rh factor in blood and the ability to produce skin pigment are two genetically inherited traits that occur on separate chromosomes in humans. The allele for having the Rh factor (R) is dominant to the allele for not having the Rh factor (r). The allele for producing skin pigment (P) is dominant to the allele for not producing pigment (p). The Punnett square below shows the genotypes of a man and a woman and the potential genotypes of their offspring. 21 According to the Punnett square above, what is the probability that this cross will produce a child who has the Rh factor and produces skin pigment? A B C D Page 18

20 Flash - O - Energy The New Energy Supplement 100 % Protein No fats, lipids, oils, carbohydrates, or sugars to clog up your healthy system. Remember, if you don't eat them you can't store them. **To give you an added energy boost each tablet contains 100% of the daily recommended dose of vitamins: A, B 1, B 2, B 12, C, D, E and K Other ingredients: Salt, natural and artificial flavorings, and preservatives. Adult dosage: 3 tablets, twice a day Protein: Needed for life! 22 A science student saw the following product being advertised in the Sunday newspaper. Why should the student be cautious of the claims being made? A Vitamins C, D, E, or K do not exist in the human body. B Vitamins are not a source of energy for the body. C Three tablets twice a day is in excess of best medical practices. D There is no connection between protein and being healthy. Page 19

21 Base your answers to questions 23 and 24 on the diagram of a food web below and on your knowledge of biology. hawk mountain lion snake frog deer rabbit mouse cricket trees grasses some images Which organisms are not shown in this diagram but are essential to a balanced ecosystem? A Heterotrophs B Autotrophs C Producers D Decomposers 24 If the population of mice is reduced by disease, which change will most likely occur in the food web? A The cricket population will increase. B The snake population will increase. C The grass population will decrease. D The deer population will decrease. Page 20

22 25 What should be done immediately after handling live animals and returning them back to their cages? A Wipe hands on clothing B Rinse hands with water C Treat hands with skin lotion D Wash hands with soap and water 26 Mustard gas removes guanine from DNA. This can cause serious multiple deformities because guanine A is one of the nitrogenous bases of DNA B forms all the connections between bases in DNA C produces energy for the transfer of genetic information D supports the structure of ribosomes 27 If the graduated cylinder contained 120 ml of water before the rock was added, what is the approximate volume of the rock? A 30 ml B 60 ml C 90 ml D 180 ml Page 21

23 28 A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits while the other organism is neither harmed nor helped is known as A antagonism B commensalism C mutualism D parasitism 29 H. pylori bacteria are known to cause stomach ulcers, which are sores in the lining of the stomach. The sores are vulnerable to damage by stomach acids. A doctor may treat ulcers by prescribing an antibiotic, such as amoxycillin, which will A neutralize stomach acids B stop formation of stomach acids C kill the H. pylori bacteria D cover sores in the stomach lining 30 The Venus flytrap has leaf blades with hinges in the middle. When an insect touches tiny hairs on the leaf, the leaf snaps shut, trapping the animal inside. Gradually, the leaf secretes enzymes that digest the animal and release its nutrients into the plant. This situation is an example of A predation B commensalism C mutualism D parasitism Page 22

24 The data in the graph below shows evidence of an infection in the human body. 31 A disruption in dynamic equilibrium is indicated by the temperature change between points A A and B B B and C C C and D D E and F G-G-T-A-C-A-G-A-T-C-T-T-A-A-G-C-A-A In order to form recombinant DNA, scientists have found a way to cut a DNA segment using a particular enzyme. This enzyme cuts DNA between the A and the G base wherever the sequence C-T-T-A-A-G occurs. 32 Which of these would result if the enzyme were used on the DNA in the diagram above? A G-G-T-A-C-A-G A-T-C-T-T-A-A G-C-A-A B G-G-T-A-C-A G-A-T-C-T-T-A-A-G-C-A-A C G-G-T-A-C-A-G-A-T-C-T-T-A-A G-C-A-A D G-G-T-A-C-A-G A-T-C-T-T-A-A-G-C-A-A Page 23

25 some images A flower with this shape would use what type of pollinator? A Wind B Mammal C Rain D Hummingbird Page 24

26 Snack A Nutrition Facts Calories: 200 Total Fat 13g 20% Saturated Fat 0g 0% Cholesterol 8 mg Sodium 200 mg Carbohydrates 19g Protein 2g Snack C Nutrition Facts Calories: 140 Total Fat 2g 3% Saturated Fat 0g 0% Cholesterol 5 mg Sodium 150 mg Carbohydrates 12g Protein 1g Snack B Nutrition Facts Calories: 120 Total Fat 2g 3% Saturated Fat 0g 0% Snack D Nutrition Facts Calories: 170 Total Fat 12g 18% Saturated Fat 0g 0% Cholesterol Sodium Carbohydrates Protein 5 mg 70 mg 23g 2g Cholesterol 9 mg Sodium 360 mg Carbohydrates 16g Protein 2g 34 An adult is on a low sodium, low cholesterol diet. This adult still wants to enjoy snack foods. Based on the information contained in the snack labels above, which snack food would you recommend this person eat? A Snack A B Snack B C Snack C D Snack D Page 25

27 Kingdom Characteristics Kingdom Eubacteria Protista Fungi Animalia Cell type Blank 1 Eukaryote Blank 3 Eukaryote Number of Cells Unicellular Most unicellular; some colonial and multicellular Some unicellular; most multicellular Multicellular Cell walls Contain peptidoglycan No cell walls or cell walls containing cellulose Contain chitin Blank 4 Method of nutrition Autotroph or heterotroph Blank 2 Heterotroph Heterotroph 35 The table above lists some of the characteristics of four of the six kingdoms of living things. Which answer choice correctly fills in the blanks with the missing characteristics for each kingdom? Answer choices are written in the order: Blank 1, Blank 2, Blank 3, Blank 4 Blank 1 Blank 2 Blank 3 Blank 4 A Eukaryote autotroph or heterotroph prokaryote contains cellulose B Eukaryote autotroph or heterotroph prokaryote contains cellulose C Prokaryote autotroph or heterotroph eukaryote no cell walls D Prokaryote heterotroph prokaryote no cell walls 36 Identify the two systems that work interdependently of one another; one secreting hormones that control growth and development and the other producing sex cells. A Skeletal and digestive B Respiratory and circulatory C Endocrine and reproductive D Muscular and reproductive Page 26

28 Use the passage below to answer question 37. Edward Jenner Edward Jenner ( ) was a British physician whose research led to the elimination of the disease smallpox. Smallpox is a contagious viral disease that infects the bloodstream of its victims. Smallpox was not always deadly, but it often left scars on its victims, who afterward were immune to the disease. Jenner noticed that farm workers who had been infected with a similar, but milder, disease known as cowpox never caught smallpox. He administered a small dose of cowpox to a child, who proved immune to smallpox when he was exposed to smallpox two months later. 37 Using your knowledge of viruses, what did Jenner conclude about cowpox and smallpox exposure? A A person infected with smallpox would be immune to cowpox. B A person with cowpox would not survive a smallpox epidemic. C A person who survived cowpox would not become infected with Lyme disease. D A person who had been infected with either cowpox or smallpox is no longer immune to cowpox. Yeast Metabolism of Sugar Number of Bubbles Per Minute Time (min.) Sucrose Fructose Galactose Students in a biology class measured the rate of metabolism of sugar by yeast. They compared the rates of metabolism with three different kinds of sugars by counting the number of bubbles produced per minute. Based on their data shown in the table above, the students' best conclusion would be that the rate of metabolism of yeast is A the same for all types of sugars B identical for the food sources sucrose and fructose C independent of the food source D lowest when galactose is the food source Page 27

29 39 Some aquatic organisms get their food from the algae that live inside their shell. The algae provide carbohydrates for the organisms and they, in turn, provide shelter and nitrogen for the algae. According to this information, the relationship between the aquatic organisms and the algae is an example of A predation B commensalism C mutualism D parasitism ml A student is about to add 1.3 ml of dilute acid from the pipette shown above to a test tube. Where will the liquid line be in the pipette when she has finished? Record your answer to the nearest tenth of a ml and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Page 28

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31 Name Date ID Period Biology 9 th Grade Interim Assessment: Third Grading Period ANSWER DOCUMENT SAMPLES - DO NOT INPUT ONLINE A. B. STUDENTS: RESPOND TO ITEM 40 BELOW SHADED AREA TO BE FILLED OUT BY TEACHER ONLY!