Fungicide activity and performance in barley

Transcription

1 FACTSHEET Fungicide activity and performance in barley Table 1. Fungicide activity against major diseases Activity rating Chemical group Active ingredient Rhynchosporium Mildew Brown rust Net blotch 5 Ramularia Abiotic Anilinopyrimidine cyprodinil Azole cyproconazole epoiconazole metconazole propiconazole Chloronitrile chlorothalonil Phthalimides folpet Imidazole prochloraz Morpholine fenpropimorph Spiroketalamine spiroamine Strobilurin azoystrobin picoystrobin pyraclostrobin trifloystrobin Strobilurin + azole 1 fluoastrobin SDHIs 3 penthiopyrad isopyrazam SDHI mitures 1 fluapyroad biafen boscalid + epoiconazole fluapyroad + epoiconazole 1 - fluapyroad + pyraclostrobin - - isopyrazam + cyprodinil 3 1 isopyrazam + epoiconazole 3 1 benzovindiflupyr penthiopyrad + chlorothalonil Mildewicides Active ingredient Protection Eradication Amidoine cyflufenamid 3 3 Benzophenone metrafenone 3 1 Quinazolinone proquinazid 1 Quinolene quinoyfen - 1 Mitures with different active ingredient loadings are available, which may have different efficacy to those tested. Spots not associated with any known fungi, but which can be reduced by fungicide treatment. 3 Significant resistance risk. Always use SDHI fungicides in miture with at least one fungicide from an alternative mode of action group which has efficacy against the target pathogen(s). Control level = Highest 1 = Lowest - = Insufficient data but may have some activity: check label Isolates with strong resistance to azoles and SDHIs have been found in the UK and these can no longer be relied upon for control of ramularia. 5 Isolates with moderate resistance to SDHIs are present in the UK and so performance of SDHIs may be compromised in some locations.

2 Choosing fungicides Fungicides should be matched to the primary disease risk, which depends mainly on variety, sowing date, location and local weather. Mitures and alternations of fungicides with different modes of action, from different fungicide groups, are often most effective and reduce the likelihood that fungicide resistance will develop in pathogens. Resistance poses a significant threat to the on-going performance of fungicides and resistance management must be taken into account when planning fungicide programmes. Fungicides are tested by AHDB Cereals & Oilseeds in specific performance trials and in other research projects targeting specific diseases. Performance ratings are indicative and are dependent on dose and timing. Protection and eradication Protection curves show the activity of fungicides when they are applied soon after the emergence of a leaf layer before much infection has occurred. Eradication curves indicate fungicidal activity after infection has occurred but before symptoms become visible. Performance of products on each leaf layer and at each site was classified as protectant or eradicant based on timing of leaf emergence relative to spray application. Performance of individual active ingredients can be assessed by comparing dose-response curves. These show average performance measured across a range of sites, seasons and leaf layers. Fungicide dose-response curves Fungicides are rigorously tested in AHDB Cereals & Oilseeds-funded trials. Each year, a single spray is applied at a range of doses on varieties that are very susceptible to each major disease and at sites where disease pressure is high. Disease levels are observed a few weeks later. Table. Seed treatment options for barley Active ingredient carboin, thiram clothianidin, fludioonil fludioonil, tefluthrin ipconazole, imazalil ipconazole, silthiofam Anchor Ar Loose smut Ustilago nuda Seed-bourne diseases Other diseases Pests Leaf stripe Pyrenophora graminea Covered smut Ustilago hordei Seedling blight Microdochium nivale Seedling blight Fusarium species Net blotch Pyrenophora teres Yellow rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei Redigo Deter By Beret Gold Sy Austral Plus Sy Rancona i-mix Ar Rancona 15ME Ar Redigo Pro By Latitude Cs water cypermethrin Signal Ar Ar = Arysta Bs=BASF By=Bayer CropScience Cs=Certis Sy=Syngenta label recommendation, control may only be partial, please refer to product label Take-all Slugs Aphids (BYDV vectors) Wire-worm Wheat bulb fly

3 % 5% 5% 75% 1% Figure 1. Rhynchosporium protection % 5% 5% 75% 1% Figure. Net blotch protection % 5% 5% 75% 1% Figure. Rhynchosporium eradication % 5% 5% 75% 1% Figure 5. Ramularia protection only 1 Siltra Xpro Vertisan + Proline 1 Elatus Era Zulu Proline Cyflamid 8 Comet Talius 6 Imtre Vertisan Bravo Treoris Priaor % 5% 5% 75% 1% Figure 3. Mildew mied activity Use Imtre, Vertisan and Zulu only in miture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action that has comparable efficacy against the target pathogen(s).

4 Fungicide resistance Fungicide resistance occurs when a pathogen becomes so insensitive to a fungicide that the fungicide s field performance is impaired. Resistance management is vital to maintain control and prolong the effectiveness of fungicides. Use fungicides with different modes of action in mitures and in alternations and ensure that miing partners are used at doses that give similar efficacy and persistence. Single azole, strobilurin and SDHI products carry considerable resistance risk and should not be used alone. Never eceed the maimum recommended number of applications and follow any additional label guidance on resistance management. Some mildewicides, for eample, carry specific advice on alternating or miing active ingredients. Ramularia isolates with a high level of resistance to SDHIs and azoles have been detected at a high frequency in some locations in the UK, resulting in control failure in trials. Therefore SDHIs and azoles should not be relied upon for control of ramularia. Fungicide Futures is an initiative led by AHDB and FRAG-UK to help put good anti-resistance practice at the heart of fungicide programmes. We give you the facts, so you can maimise your return on investment and protect chemistry. cereals.ahdb.org.uk/fungicidefutures Net blotch isolates with a moderate level of resistance to SDHIs have been detected at a high frequency in some locations in the UK. Therefore efficacy of SDHIs may be reduced at some locations. Table 3. Active ingredients for barley disease control Active ingredients azoystrobin benzovindiflupyr biafen boscalid chlorothalonil cyflufenamid cyproconazole cyprodinil epoiconazole famoadone fenpropimorph fluoastrobin flutriafol fluapyroad folpet isopyrazam kresoim-methyl metconazole metrafenone penthiopyrad picoystrobin prochloraz propiconazole proquinazid pyraclostrobin quinoyfen spiroamine trifloystrobin Adear * Agate Alternil Alto Elite Amistar * Amistar Opti Apache Apres Arizona Asana Attenzo Aylora Azaka Balear 7 SC Banko 7 Bassoon EC Bontima Bowman Bravo 5 * Brutus Bumper 5EC Capalo * s used in AHDB fungicide performance trials

5 Table 3. Active ingredients for barley disease control - continued Active ingredients Caramba 9 azoystrobin benzovindiflupyr biafen boscalid chlorothalonil cyflufenamid cyproconazole cyprodinil epoiconazole famoadone fenpropimorph fluoastrobin flutriafol fluapyroad folpet isopyrazam kresoim-methyl metconazole metrafenone penthiopyrad picoystrobin prochloraz propiconazole proquinazid pyraclostrobin quinoyfen spiroamine trifloystrobin Ceando Cebara Cello Ceria Cherokee Chord Cirkon Cloister Comet * Concorde Consul Corbel Corral Cortez Crafter Credo Curator Cyflamid * Deacon Diveo Eclipse Elatus Era Elatus Plus Ennobe Enterproise Envoy Epic Erase Fandango * Fathom Fielder Flanker Fleity * Flyer Fortress Frelizon * s used in AHDB fungicide performance trials

6 Table 3. Active ingredients for barley disease control - continued Active ingredients azoystrobin benzovindiflupyr biafen boscalid chlorothalonil cyflufenamid cyproconazole cyprodinil epoiconazole famoadone fenpropimorph fluoastrobin flutriafol fluapyroad folpet isopyrazam kresoim-methyl metconazole metrafenone penthiopyrad picoystrobin prochloraz propiconazole proquinazid pyraclostrobin quinoyfen spiroamine trifloystrobin Furlong Galileo * Gemstone Heli Impact Imtre * Intellis Jaunt Jenton Joules Justice Juventus Kayak * Kestral Keystone Kingdom Libra Manitoba Mantra Menara Mendoza Metal Micaraz Mirage EC Mobius Monkey Nebula Octolan Opera Opus Team Oranis Orius Orius P Ortiva Opti Osiris P Pean * s used in AHDB fungicide performance trials

7 Table 3. Active ingredients for barley disease control - continued Active ingredients Phoeni azoystrobin benzovindiflupyr biafen boscalid chlorothalonil cyflufenamid cyproconazole cyprodinil epoiconazole famoadone fenpropimorph fluoastrobin flutriafol fluapyroad folpet isopyrazam kresoim-methyl metconazole metrafenone penthiopyrad picoystrobin prochloraz propiconazole proquinazid pyraclostrobin quinoyfen spiroamine trifloystrobin Priaor Priori Xtra Proline 75 * Propov Prosaro Quadris Opti Rubric SAN 73 Scotia Seguris Serpent Siltra Xpro * Sirena Spirador Strand Sunorg Pro Swift SC Talius * Tazer Tesoro Timpani Tracker * Treoris * Tubosan Tucana Vareon Vegas Vertisan * Vivid Vorte Wolverine Zephyr Zimbrail Zois Zulu * * s used in AHDB fungicide performance trials

8 Authors Paul Gosling AHDB Further information cereals.ahdb.org.uk/fungicide Produced for you by: AHDB T Stoneleigh Park E comms@ahdb.org.uk Kenilworth W ahdb.org.uk CV8 TL If you no longer wish to receive this information, please us on comms@ahdb.org.uk While the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board seeks to ensure that the information contained within this document is accurate at the time of printing, no warranty is given in respect thereof and, to the maimum etent permitted by law, the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board accepts no liability for loss, damage or injury howsoever caused (including that caused by negligence) or suffered directly or indirectly in relation to information and opinions contained in or omitted from this document. Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board 18. All rights reserved