ect of Apple Pectin Oligosaccharide on Intestinal Disorders

Transcription

1 23 Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi Vol. //, No. +*,.//.0* (,**2) 455 E# ect of Apple Pectin Oligosaccharide on Intestinal Disorders Yoshinori Takahashi, Yasuyuki Masuda, Masahiro Sugimoto and Hiroyuki Enari Central Research Laboratory, Nichiro Corporation,,0+., Kurigi, Asao-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa,+/ **-- Apple pectin oligosaccharide (APO) prepared from apple juice residue contained about -* uronic acid, the principal component of pectin. We found that APO is utilized by major species of human intestinal microflora, such as Bacteroides sp. and Bifidobacterium sp., and that it induces the production of short-chain fatty acids, mainly acetic acid and butyric acid. Moreover, APO was observed to reduce fecal putrefaction by fecal batch culture test. Since APO is expected to be e# ective for improving intestinal function, APO (/ g/day) was administrated for, weeks to 1 subjects who tended to be constipated. Intake of APO led to an increase in bowel movement frequency and improved fecal condition, including fecal odor. Thus, APO intake may contribute to improving intestinal disorders. (Received Mar. -+,,**2 ; Accepted Jul..,,**2) Keywords : apple pectin oligosaccharide, apple juice residue, intestinal microflora, short-chain fatty acids : - /** - 2** Da +,-. APO / /0 3* 0*,+/ **--, **.,3/ +0, Corresponding authoryo-takahashi@maruha-nichiro.co.jp in vitro Bifidobacterium 1 /* *** APO Da + / +/. +* mpa S + APO,**1 - /* kg APO +1. kg APO UF + *** Da

2 456 // +*,**2 +* 24 1 Table + Utilization of APO by human intestinal bacteria UF-APO Microorganisms Judgment Bacteroides distasonis GAI# /.0, T, Bacteroides fragilis Bacteroides ovatus GAI# //,. T JCM /2,. T APO Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron GAI# /0,2 Bacteroides uniformis GAI# /.00T Bacteroides vulgatus GAI# /.0* T Bifidobacterium adolescentis CIFL N**., Bifidobacterium adolescentis CIFL N**11T Bifidobacterium bifidum CIFL N**01 2 Scott Bifidobacterium breve CIFL N**12T SIGMA Bifidobacterium dentium CIFL N*+,+ T Bifidobacterium infantis CIFL N**/* T /* L APO, /* L, 2** L 1* +* *+. -,/.* L./* nm.*/ nm Bifidobacterium longum Clostridium clostridiiforme Clostridium perfringens Clostridium ramosum CIFL N**/+ T GAI# /./2 GAI# //,0T CIFL N**.2 Judgment from bacterial growth estimated as final ph compared with that of control4 *3+. ph reduction : ; more than +4/, ; from +4* to +4/, ; from *4/ to +4*, ; from *4, to *4/, ; within *4,4 APO 1/ ; Asahipack NH, P-/*. E.0. mm ph */. +*. ph */.,/* mm 1/ ; +.*. ml ; ELS Detector,.,* UF-APO : ;.2 HPLC + + APO / - APO *+. M ; OHpack SB-2*0M HQ 2.* mm, -** mm ; *+. M ; +*. ml ; RI,.+. : HPLC Shodex STANDARD P- 2, : - UF-APO +* +* 2* Table + +0 *+. M ph GAM ml /* mg +.* g Fildes solution +/* ml 0 ml -1,. /* ml +*. g *.. *+/. -1,. */.,../. ml *+. ml * +* 2* ph HPLC *.. g ph +/. ph +*. +/. -0. ml *0. ml *.. ml

3 25 : 457 Table, Composition of the test drink (per +** ml) APO Sucrose Citric acid DL-malic acid Flavor / g +* g,** mg,** mg *4. ml Fig. + Schematic diagram of test schedule - *** rpm +/-/ TA32 TA+/-1 WP, uvra, ; S3 +* *./ ml 2M -1,* ; *./ ml +*.2 ; DMSO, ; / *** g **2. ml 0*. 1, +/ *** rpm/ ; KC mm-** mm - mm ; +*. ml ; *,. 1 APO mm +/ mm,* 0* /, mm ; +.* ml ;.// nm HPLC. p APO / +** ml GLC +*. g / ml Table, + APO / g, + M ph 0*. * -* ; Silicon GE SE- Fig. + -* +. on Chromosorb - mm +. 0 m +, ; +.* ; ; +** ml ; FID ;,** GLC A E /. SD,+,- A.20, +* +/ +, + L + 1 : ** +3 : ** --/. D W H cm,, cm,* cm, - 2 B +* - :, : + :, : + / C +1 APO - :, : + : +* g, mg +, D /. / :. : - :, : +, + : * E. : - :, : + : +2., APO Student t / ; TA+** TA 3

4 458 // +*,**2 +* 26 Table - Composition of APO (per +** g) Table. E# ect of UF-APO on fecal short-chain fatty Water,4+ g acid production Protein,4* g Not APO Increase Lipid *4+ g SCFA addition addition ratio ( ) Ash,40 g mg/g feces mg/g feces Carbohydrate,,41 g Succinic acid *4+ *4+ +** Soluble pectin,14+ g Lactic acid *41 +4* +.- Dietary fiber.-4. g Formic acid , +*3 Acetic acid,24* Propionic acid +, *2 i-butyric acid, / Butyric acid +.4-,*42 +./ i-valeric acid,42,4, 13 + Valeric acid,4/,42 ++, APO Table - Total ,3 APO,1.-,- HPLC,- Table / E# ect of UF-APO on fecal putrefaction production HPLC APO,, Not APO Increase SCFA addition addition ratio +*. g/ / ml g/ / ml ( ) APO Phenol +-* *** Da p-cresol,+* ++0 //, UF-APO.-Ethyl-Phenol APO,, Indol +3/,*/ +*/ UF-APO UF-APO Skatole ,.. Total... -/1 2* HPLC UF-APO Bacteroides 0 Bifidobacterium 1 / Clostridium - Table + TA+** TA+/-/ TA32 TA+/-1 Bacteroides B. uniformis B. vulgatus Bifidobacterium B. breve B. dentium B. longum Clostripo WP, uvra APO, dium -, UF-APO Table. APO UF-APO 0 APO Table Table 0 UF-APO /, + /*. +. -*. p**/..,.*. +* g,* mg APO +,. 2 p*. +* Table 1,

5 27 : 459 Table 0 E# ect of APO on defecation frequency Table 1 E# ect of APO on fecal condition Defecation frequency before After, wk before After, wk Frequency/week -4* +4/ /4* +43 * Fecal amount +4* * *42 Day/week, * +4* Fecal property *43 *4/ +4. *4. Values are shown as meanssd of seven subjects4 Fecal color *42 *4/ +4* *4- * Significantly di# erent from the value before intake by Fecal odor +4, * *4/ * student s t-test : p*4*/4 Feeling of incomplete defecation score +4- *42,4* *40 Total /42 * *4. * Values are shown as meanssd of seven subjects4 * Significantly di# erent from the value before intake by student s t-test : p*4*/4 a+. Bifidobacterium 1 APO +* APO ++ APO.- +, +- po APO +... UF-APO Bifidobacterium + Bacte- APO roides Eubacterium Clostridium Bifidobacterium APO +* 1.. mpa s Bacteroides Eubacterium UF-APO ph Clostridium Bacteroides Bifidobacterium po UF-APO Clostridium UF-APO Table + Lactobacillus APO Bifidobacterium APO Bacteroides Bifidobacterium APO, + + / g UF-APO APO, + -*. /*.

6 460 // +*,**2 +* 28 +,2.,**- -.*. p*+* ,***, + -.,* +.3 +/1 +1+,**/ APO / 0* 2/ 3* , T-RFLP Trp-P-+ B+ Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism -2,/2,0, +33, Bifidobacterium Lactobacillales +/ 1 Olano-Martin, E., Gilbson, G.R. and Rastall, R.A., Com- parison of the in vitro bifidogenic properties of pectins and pectic-oligosaccharides. J. Appl. Microbiol., 3-, /*/ /++ (,**,). in vitro 2 Scott, R.W., Colorimetric determination of hexuronic acid in plant materials. Anal. Chem., /+, ( +313). APO 3 +, / * ,**/ +, Bacteroides + pp. 3/ Bifidobacterium ,**/ APO, + + / +. Smith, EA. and Macfarlane, GT., Enumeration of human colonic bacteria producing phenolic and indolic compounds : e# ects of ph, carbohydrate availability and g -*. /*. APO retention time on dissimilatory aromatic amino acid metabolism. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 2+,,22-*, ( +330). +/ Nagashima, K., Hisada, T., Sato, M. and Mochizuki, J., Application of new primer-enzyme combinations to terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism profiling + of bacterial populations in human feces. Appl. Envi- 2 /20- ron. Microbiol., 03, +,/+ +,0, (,**-).,**/,,* --+,* 1.,*. 2/ 3*