BIO3334 Invertebrate Zoology Midterm Exam February 24, Name: Student number:

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1 24 pts. 1. Briefly, using one or two sentences, describe what each of the following biological terms means. Use an example where possible. Trophosome Seminal vesicle Choanosyncytium Coeloblastula larva BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 1 of 12

2 Velum Cellular gliding Undulipod Mastax BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 2 of 12

3 32 pt 2) Fill in the missing word, or provide the one word answer in the space provided at the end of the sentence. 2.1 As the Reynold's number does this, it gets easier to move through the medium. 2.2 Shared derived traits within a group, they re why systematists love 2.3 The organelle created by the fusion of the lysosome and the ingested food vacuole. 2.4 This is the structure that keeps a tapeworm anchored in the intestine. 2.5 The most mature segments of a tapeworm are loaded with eggs and referred to as being in this state or condition. 2.6 When a red blood cell infected with malaria bursts, these are released and they infect other red blood cells. 2.7 A proteinaceous sponge support matrix. 2.8 Dactylozooids are specialized for this function. 2.9 During conjugation, these nuclei fuses to form the synkaryon Corals and other anthozoans sit on this This reinforced thickening of the plasma membrane anchors cilia and flagella in place Protozoan membranelles are made up of these These stinging strands of tissue are found inside the gastrovascular cavity of an anthozoan Animals that are able to produce light are said to be 2.15 Cnidarian hydranths are involved in this process These droplets keep a placozoan upright 2.17 Most common type of cnidae have this organelle 2.18 This embryonic tissue layer is missing in a diploblast. BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 3 of 12

4 2.19 Most rotifers of a species have the same number of cells; it's an example of this The production of many cercaria from a single redia is an example of this type of amplification Describes the gut of an acanthocephalan This part of the rotifer life cycle produces males 2.23 These opening are the entry to the radial canals of a sponge Where fertilization occurs in the body of an acanthocephalan This hollow larval stage of some sponges resembles this developmental stage in higher animals The switch between two different body types in the Cnidaria is an example of a life cycle As the medusa contracts, this structure decreases the opening through which water is expelled. It's also a characteristic of a hydrozoan medusas These large cells found in the larval stage of sponges will form the outer choanoderm The larger of the two products of gametogony The flagellar cells of the developing larval scyphozoan sponge move toward the outside in a process called this Gastrotrichs are so small we have a special name for them and other animals like them A hydrozoan pneumatophore is filled with. BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 4 of 12

5 10 pts 3. This question is compulsory you must do it. Draw a cladogram for the Platyzoa and identify and explain the sympelsiomorphies and apomorphies for the platyzoan phyla. BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 5 of 12

6 24 pts. 4. There are 7 questions in the following section. You only have to do 3 of them so be sure to read through them carefully before you start answering them. Each is worth 8 points. There is a BONUS. Pick a fourth question to answer and we ll make that your bonus. (It can t be the second half of a question you ve already answered.) All answers should be given in the space provided on the exam and be careful there are choices in the questions. 4.1 How is the gastrovascular cavity of the schyphozoan medusa organized, why does it take this form? OR Rhopalia are composite structures, what are they composed of? Who have rhopalia and what do they do? BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 6 of 12

7 4.2 Who are the Gnathifera and what do they have in common. OR What is so unusual about the cuticle of a gastrotrich that it is used as an autoapomorphie to define the phylum? BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 7 of 12

8 4.3 What is the ootype, who has one and what does it do? OR The tegument is found in only two classes of Platyhelminthes. Which two classes and why is having a tegument so important? BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 8 of 12

9 4.4 Who were the aschelminthes and why don t they exist as a taxon any more? What are the different larval sponges, what do they have in common and how do they differ. OR Pognophorans were once included in the deuterostomes. Why and what is the evidence that was instrumental in placing them in the Protosorome lineage of animals.. BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 9 of 12

10 4.5 Annelids use at least three of the five suspension feeding strategies. Use a marine polychaete to briefly explain three of the strategies. OR Briefly describe the changes in annelid blood as it moves from the dorsal to the ventral vessel of a marine polychaete worm BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 10 of 12

11 4.6 The terms symplesiomorphy and synapomorphy can often refer to the same character or trait. Use the phylogeny of the Porifera to explain why this is. (NOTE: This question is NOT asking for the phylogeny of the Porifera!) OR An introvert is found in a number of invertebrate phyla but in the sipunculid s it is an autapomorphy. What is an introvert? Name a second invertebrate phylum with one and what is so unique about the sipunculid introvert that it defines the taxon? BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 11 of 12

12 4.7 Pandora and cordoid larva or acanthor and cysticant are related to reproduction in specific invertebrate taxa. Pick one of the word pairs, identify the invertebrate taxa, describe the life cycle and explain the paired terms reproductive significance in the life cycle for that taxon. BIO 3334 Midterm Exam February 24, 2015 Page 12 of 12