Welcome to AP Psychology!
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1 Welcome to AP Psychology! Psychology is the study of how we think, feel and behave. The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize yourself with some of the most influential psychological studies of all time. Knowledge of these studies and the ability to apply the theories being tested in them is crucial for this class and the AP Exam in May. Read each of the following from Forty Studies That Changed Psychology (6 th Edition), by Roger R. Hock and complete the accompanying study questions. Be sure to answer each question complete in complete sentences or paragraphs (whichever is indicated). You will be graded on your completion of the study questions as well as tested on the material covered in the studies when we return to school in August. Assignments are to be turned in digitally through turnitin.com. Our enrollment information is as follows: Class ID: Password: gondekpsych If for some reason you cannot access turnitin.com, you will need to contact me over the summer. We will be using the site to submit work throughout the year. While it is recommended that you purchase a copy (it can be found used on Amazon), you can find Hock s book at your local library online by Googling Forty Studies that Changed Psychology pdf. If you have any questions feel free to contact me over the summer via Amanda.gondek@cobbk12.org Have a great summer and I look forward to meeting you in August!
2 DUE: 8/9/2016 Are you a Natural? 2. What do we traditionally view as cause of our individual behaviors? (3-5 sentences)? 3. Explain three reasons for environmental bias (3-5 sentences): 4. What is the theoretical proposition of this study? (3-5 sentences) 5. Briefly discuss the method of the study (3-5 sentences). 6. Study the table of results. What does this table tell us about the genetic influences on behavior? Give specific examples. (5-7 sentences) 7. Discuss two ways that the data demonstrated the impact of genetic upon behavior. (5-7 sentences) 8. What are three conclusions that Bouchard and Lykken draw about the relationship between genetics and the environment? (5-7 sentences) 9. Explain one criticism of this study (3-5 sentences). 10. Describe one recent application of this study? (3-5 sentences) To Sleep, No Doubt to Dream. 1. What did Aserinsky s original experiment on REM sleep and dreaming find? (3-5 sentences) 2. What were the two questions that Dement wanted to study in his experiment? (3-5 sentences) 3. Explain how Dement conducted his experiment to answer these questions. (5-7 sentences) 4. When subjects were deprived of REM sleep what happened to their dream time? (3-5 sentences) 5. What conclusions can be drawn from this study? What is REM Rebound? (3-5 sentences) 6. How does alcohol affect dreaming? (3-5 sentences) It s Not Just About Salivating Dogs 2. Give an example of classical conditioning. 3. What are the two things Pavlov theorized in his theoretical propositions? (3-5 sentences) 4. Define the CS, UCS,CR and UCR of this study. 5. Describe Pavlov s method and results, with respect to the metronome and the food. (5-7 sentences) 6. What other stimuli did Pavlov condition the dogs to salivate at? 7. What types of behaviors does classical conditioning focus on? (3-5 sentences) 8. Explain how classical conditioning is used in the advertising industry. (3-5 sentences) 9. Explain how classical conditioning was used to suppress the immune system of mice. (3-5 sentences) Little Emotional Albert. 2. What does Watson believe about all human behavior? 3. What is Watson s basic theoretical proposition? (3-5 sentences) 4. Describe Albert and his initial fears or non-fears. (3-5 sentences) 5. Explain the method Watson used to produce fear in Albert. (5-7 sentences) 6. What other items did this fear generalize to? 7. Explain Watson s goals in this study. (5-7 sentences) 8. How did Watson defend his theory? (3-5 sentences) 9. Explain two criticisms of this study. (3-5 sentences)
3 10. How does this study relate to phobias? See Aggression Do Aggression! 2. Explain the Social Learning Theory. (3-5 sentences) 3. What are the four theoretical propositions of this study? (5-7 sentences) 4. Explain the modeling condition, the frustrating condition, and the condition where the children s violent behavior was measured. (5-7 sentences) 5. How did the aggressive group results compare to the non-aggressive group results? (3-5 sentences) 6. Girls were more likely to imitate which type of aggression? Boys were more likely to imitate which type of aggression? (5-7 sentences) 7. Explain the result of the live model, film model and cartoon model experiment. (3-5 sentences) 8. This study made two crucial contributions to psychological thought. Explain each. (5-7 sentences) Just How Are You Intelligent? 1. How is Gardner s theory of intelligence different from earlier theories? (3-5 sentences) 2. Describe each of the eight signs that Gardner said must be present for an ability to be considered one of the multiple intelligences. (5-7 sentences) 3. Describe each of the eight intelligences according to Gardner. Put a star next to the ones you think you most likely possess. (5-7 sentences) 4. Explain the three major criticisms leveled at Gardner s theory. (5-7 sentences) Thanks for the Memories 2. What has Loftus research demonstrated? (3-5 sentences) 3. What did Loftus hypothesize? (3-5 sentences) 4. Explain the method and results of experiment 1. (3-5 sentences) 5. Explain the method and results of experiment 2. (3-5 sentences) 6. Explain the method and results of experiment 3. (3-5 sentences) 7. Explain the method and results of experiment 4. (3-5 sentences) 8. What is Loftus theory of why many eyewitness testimonies are incorrect? (3-5 sentences) 9. What is one major criticism of Loftus work? (3-5 sentences) 10. How does Loftus feel about repressed memories? (3-5 sentences) Discovering Love. 1. Why did Harlow use rhesus monkeys in his study? 2. What was Harlow s theoretical proposition? (3-5 sentences) 3. Describe the two surrogate mothers. (3-5 sentences) 4. What were the three different tests that he subjected the monkeys to? Explain each. (5-7 sentences) 5. What were the results of Harlow s study. (5-7 sentences) 6. In what ways did Harlow think he could apply his results to humans? (3-5 sentences) 7. Describe two criticisms of Harlow s study. (5-7 sentences) 8. What does his study tell us about the treatment of children in orphanages? (3-5 sentences) 9. Discuss one recent application of Harlow s study. (3-5 sentences)
4 Out of Sight, But Not Out Of Mind 1. What is the prevailing view about intellectual development? (3-5 sentences) 2. What were Piaget s two theoretical propositions? (3-5 sentences) 3. Explain object permanence. (3-5 sentences) 4. Describe Piaget s subjects and his method for evaluating them. (3-5 sentences) 5. Explain each stage, the age range and one major behavior in each. (7-10 sentences) 6. What were four aspects that related to object permanence? (5-7 sentences) 7. Explain two criticism of Piaget s theory. (3-5 sentences) Are You The Master Of Your Fate? 2. Differentiate between external locus of control and internal locus of control. (3-5 sentences) 3. What were Rotter s theoretical propositions? (3-5 sentences) 4. Explain Rotter s scale. (3-5 sentences) 5. Discuss the results with respect to gambling, hospitalization, political activism, persuasion, smoking, achievement motivation and conformity. (5-7 sentences) 6. What three factors did Rotter believe were causes of the differing loci of control? (3-5 sentences) 7. How does parenting styles correlate with locus of control? (3-5 sentences) 8. How does belief in a higher being affect locus of control? (3-5 sentences) 9. Can locus of control change? Explain. (3-5 sentences) Who s Crazy Here, Anyway? 2. Explain the six criteria for diagnosing mental disorders. (5-7 sentences) 3. What was Rosenhan s theoretical proposition? (3-5 sentences) 4. Briefly describe the method. (5-7 sentences) 5. Explain two results of the study. (5-7 sentences) 6. What did Rosenhan demonstrate? (3-5 sentences) 7. What two crucial factors did this study point out? (3-5 sentences) 8. Explain two criticism of Rosenhan s study. (5-7 sentences) 9. Discuss one recent application. (3-5 sentences) Learning to Be Depressed. 2. What is meant by learned helplessness? (3-5 sentences) 3. What was Seligman s theoretical proposition? How does this relate to dogs being shocked? (5-7 sentences) 4. Describe the harness-shock experiment. (3-5 sentences) 5. Describe the shuttle box experiment. (3-5 sentences) 6. Describe the results of the two studies. (5-7 sentences) 7. Why didn t the no-escape dogs try to escape from the shuttle box? (3-5 sentences) 8. Describe Finklestein and Ramey s study. (5-7 sentences) 9. What is the relationship between learned helplessness and the effectiveness of drug rehab? (3-5 sentences) 10. Do you think the shocking of the dogs was justified by Seligman s findings about depression? Why or why not? (5-7 sentences)
5 The Power of Conformity 2. Explain the concept of social norms. (3-5 sentences) 3. Describe the method used in this study. What would you have done? (5-7 sentences) 4. Explain the results of this study. (3-5 sentences) 5. Explain two reasons why Asch s results were so important. (5-7 sentences) 6. What are the four other factors that affect conformity? Explain each. (5-7 sentences) 7. What is the main criticism of Asch s study? (3-5 sentences) 8. Explain the argument against these criticisms. (3-5 sentences) 9. What are the results of the Bond and Smith study? (3-5 sentences) "To Help or Not to Help" 1. Explain the case that brought about research in this area. (3-5 sentences) 2. Who are the psychologists associated with this research? 3. Explain the theory these psychologists are testing and how it was tested. (3-5 sentences) 4. Explain the results of their experiment. (5-7 sentences) 5. Explain the terms diffusion of responsibility and evaluation apprehension. (3-5 sentences) 6. What are the five steps a person goes through before deciding to help someone? (5-7 sentences) 7. Did later studies find that being within close proximity to a group changed a person s willingness to act or help? Explain. (3-5 sentences) 8. What is the one rule that we should try to live by when it comes to deciding whether to act or not act in emergencies? Explain. (3-5 sentences) Obey at Any Cost? 2. What is Milgram s main proposition? (3-5 sentences) 3. Describe the shock generator. (3-5 sentences) 4. How many people were active in each experiment session and what were their roles. (3-5 sentences) 5. Explain how Milgram measured the subjects behavior. (3-5 sentences) 6. Explain the results of this study. (5-7 sentences) 7. What behaviors did the subjects display while administering painful shocks? (3-5 sentences) 8. What were some of the rationales that subjects gave for their behaviors? (3-5 sentences) 9. Explain the three factors that affect conformity. (5-7 sentences) 10. Explain two criticisms of this study. (5-7 sentences)
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