AP Psychology Summer Assignments 2016

Transcription

1 AP Psychology Summer Assignments 2016 Complete the following assignments from the text listed below. Assignments are due on the first day of class; no late assignments will be accepted. Unit I (Module I, II, and III) (P. 1-28) and Module 14 and 15 (p ) from textbook Psychology for AP 2 nd ed. By David Myers Total credit for the assignments: 100 points There will be a 100 point test on Module I, II, III and Module 14 and 15 on the second day of class. If you have any questions, please Sister Elena Marie, O.P. sremarie@stcecilia.edu

2 Part I Psychological Perspectives (Unit I Modules I, II and III) (50 points) In the world of Psychology there are several different perspectives used to describe and explain human behavior and mental processes. You can think of these perspectives as different lenses you can wear to study psychology. For example, if you approach psychology from a Biological Perspective you may ask questions about how a person s biology determines their behavior/ thought processes. If you approach psychology from a Social cultural Perspective then you might try to explain a person s behavior/ thought processes by looking at how others may have influenced it. These different lenses help to create various explanations from which we can analyze various phenomenon. For instance, if your wore sunglasses with blue lenses everything you would see would have a blue hue to it. Your perception of things would likely change based upon the color of your lens. There are seven psychological perspectives: Biological, Evolutionary, Psychoanalytic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic and socio- cultural Use your textbook or the internet to find the information about each of the following perspectives in the field of psychology and to complete the chart. (Please cite (use MLA) where you locate the information. Any answer copied directly from the text book or internet sites will be considered plagiarism and the entire summer reading assignment will receive zero points. For each of the perspectives you will complete the chart below and type in your answers.

3 EXAMPLE Create a Row of a chart for each perspective like the one below: PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Focus of the Perspective (Basic Beliefs/ Assumptions/ Approaches) Psychologist: Ivan Pavlov Life Span: Basic beliefs of Behaviorism include.. Behavioral (This would be probably at least 5 sentences) Area(s) of Study: Pavlov s experiments with dogs led him to discover classical conditioning. He discovered that he could condition dogs to salivate at the sound of a tone when the tone was repeatedly presented with food. The food was the (unconditioned stimulus dogs would naturally salivate to this) and the bell was a neutral stimulus and when paired with food became the conditioned stimulus. He also discovered that if he sounded the bell over and over then the reaction would become extinct. However, the salivation may reappear the next day when the bell was sounded and this was called spontaneous recovery (Latuenheiser, 1999). Source: Latuenheiser, M. (1999). Ivan Pavlov. Retrieved May 10, 2016 from The chart for you to complete is on the following page:

4 Psychological Perspectives Perspective Biological Basic beliefs, assumptions, approaches Famous psychologist/ theorist For each individual include: name, image, lifespan, area of study (1-5 word description), basics of research/ experiments. These are the psychologists/theorists to choose from. Each theorist below matches one of the perspectives. Sigmund Freud, B.F. Skinner or John Watson, Elizabeth Loftus, Stanley Milgram, Roger Sperry, Abraham Maslow or Carl Rogers, Charles Darwin Evolutionary Psychoanalytic Behavioral Cognitive Humanistic Socio-Cultural

5 Part II. Short Answer questions; Module 1, 2, 3 and Module 14 and 15 Psychology for AP, 2 nd ed. by David Myers (50 points) Answer the following questions in your own words. Any answer copied from the text book will be considered plagiarism and the entire summer reading assignment will receive zero points. 1. What is the significance of Wilhelm Wundt to Psychology? 2. What were the two early schools of psychology? Who are the proponents for each? 3. What is introspection? Who used this method? 4. From 1920 onwards there was a shift in psychology, what was this shift? Who was responsible for this shift? 5. What is the biopsychosocial approach? 6. What is the difference between psychologists in basic research and psychologists in applied research (list the names for each)? 7. How is a psychiatrist different from a psychologist? 8. What is the nature-nurture issue? 9. What is the purpose of a behavior geneticist? 10. How many chromosomes does a human have? 11. Illustrate the relationship between chromosomes, genes, and DNA. 12. Define genome. What role do genes play in a person? 13. What are the two qualifications pertaining to identical twins? 14. Why do psychologists study twins? What has been discovered from studying twins? 15. What has been discovered from studying adopted children? 16. Define heritability. How does it relate to human make up? 17. Describe the theory of gene-environment interaction. 18. What is the purpose of a molecular geneticist? 19. What is the purpose of an evolutionary psychologist? 20. Describe the process of natural selection and adaptation.

6 21. How have evolutionary successes developed similarities in creatures? 22. How does natural selection affect mating preferences? 23. What are three criticisms of evolutionary psychology? 24. What are the main ideas driving natural selection? 25. Using figure 15.1 (p141), self-reflect on the development of your traits, temperaments, characteristics, etc. based on the influences of nature and nurture. Incorporate many of the aspects on figure 15.1 as they relate to the development of you as a person. (should be 3-5 paragraphs) Write definitions in your own words for the following (you will be tested on these): Applied research Basic research Behaviorism Biological psychology Biopsychosocial approach Chromosomes Clinical psychologist Counseling psychologist Cognitive approach Counseling Epigenetic Empiricism Experimental psychology Evolutionary perspective Fraternal twins Functionalism Genes Genome Humanistic psychology Human factor psychology Industrial-organizational psychology Identical twins Introspection Natural selection Positive psychology Psychometrics Psychodynamic psychology Psychiatrists Psychology Social-cultural approach