Decision-Making, Language, and Intelligence

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1 Decision-Making, Language, and Intelligence

2 Homework: Short Essay: 1-2 Pages Think about the a critical decision that you have to make in the next couple years: A. What is the process that you have to go through to make this decision? B. Decide what the Pros and Cons are of this decision and what information about the decision do you still need. C. What factors will play a role in you making this decision? D. What Biases/Beliefs will play a role in this decision? MAKE SURE TO INCLUDE CLEAR THESIS STATEMENT

3 Warm Up What does the word heuristic mean and what role can you see it playing in decision-making?

4 Decision Making Representative Heuristic: Making decisions based on short-cuts Availability Heuristic: Making decisions based on the information that is available to you at the time Anchoring Heuristic: Making decisions based on certain ideas or standards people hold Framing Effect: The way in which wording affects decision making

5 Check for Understanding: What type of heuristic is this? You have a True/False Test. Do you think all the answers are going to be True or False? Do you think there might be both True and False answers on the Test? What happened in Paris over the weekend? What do you think should be done in response to these attacks? How did you make this decision? The school has $1 million to spend to improve the football field, pay teachers a higher salary, or get new computers. What should they spend this money on? How did you make this decision? Are you more likely to vote for Trump if he starts talking in high school language or if he continues talking like a politician? Why?

6 Group work: Donald Trump- 6 Groups In your group, read the article about Donald Trump List three Pros and three Cons mentioned about Trump Decide whether the Pros outweigh the Cons Explain to the class how you came to this decision Explain to the class whether your group decided you were going to vote for Trump or not

Thank you for Smoking https://www.youtube.com/watch?

7 Thank you for Smoking -What technique is he using to impact people s decision making process? Is this effective? Why or Why Not?

8 Overconfidence Only looking at what you want to look at to make a decision List three examples of when you see yourself doing this in your own life

9 Transitioning: Language What role does language have in Thinking, Problem Solving, and Decision Making? Language: The Communication of ideas through symbols that are arranged according to grammar rules Semantics: Knowing the meaning of a word through how it s used Exp: You got the question right -NOT write Three elements of language 1. Phonemes: Basic sounds 2. Morphemes: Letters or words that change the meaning of other words (example: Bird is different than Birds 3. Syntax: Arrangement of words to make phrases and sentences

10 Bilingual Households What are the Pros and Cons of growing up in a Bilingual or Monolingual Household a. What type of household did you grow up in? b. How has this impacted your understanding of language(s)? c. How has this impacted your ability to learn in school? d. How has this impacted your relationship with the world around you?

11 Bilingual Households Read the article and then answer the questions below: 1. What are the five common misconceptions about growing up in Bilingual Household that this article mentions? 2. Why were immigrant parents originally made to drop their language of origin and adopt English? 3. How does the Nature vs. Nurture Controversy play a role in Bilingualism 4. When is the best time to learn a language and when is it too late?

12 Warm Up What are the different types of intelligence that people can possess? What is your best form of intelligence? Why do you consider this your best form of intelligence?

13 Homework: Short Essay Think about the a critical decision that you have to make in the next couple years: A. What is the process that you have to go through to make this decision? B. Decide what the Pros and Cons are of this decision and what information about the decision do you still need. C. What factors will play a role in you making this decision? D. What Biases/Beliefs will play a role in this decision?

14 Intelligence in the Media: Savants

15 Different forms of Intelligence Intelligence Versus Achievement Spearman s Two-Factor Theory Thurstone s Theory of Primary Mental Abilities Gardner s Theory of Multiple Intelligences Sternber s Triarchich Theory Emotional Intelligence

16 Measuring Intelligence IQ: Intelligence Quotient that reflects the relationship between a child s mental age and his or her actual age Write down ten questions Create a rubric that matches the answer to the age you think people should have learned that answer Have at least 5 other people take your quiz Determine who had the highest IQ of the people who took your quiz IQ=Mental Age (MA)/Chronological Age (CA) X 100

17 Example Rubric Age 5- Person is able to verbalize what country they live in Age 10- Person can say where in the country they live (states) Age 13- Person is able to label their country on a map Age 15- Person is able to retain a brief understanding of their country s history Age 18- Person is able to connect their identity with their nation s history

18 Check for Understanding: Reliability and Validity Reliability: The ability to reproduce the same results Validity: Actually measuring what you think you are measuring 1. Was your IQ test Reliable? 2. Was your IQ Test valid? 3. Do you think there is a connection between IQ testing and school performance? Why or Why not?

19 Scales of Scoring Stanford-Binet Scales: Test in which tasks or questions are divided by Mental Age Wechsler Scales: More-widely used test in the modern day that is based on performance and verbal skills a. Wechsler Scales are commonly used to identify learning disabilities

20 Factors that Play a role in Intelligence Identify 5 factors that play a role in intelligence

21 Examples of Intelligence Factors Drugs/Alcohol use during pregnancy Genetics Lack of oxygen during birth Malnutrition Brain Deformities-Brain didn t develop fully before being born Brain Infections- Brain abnormalities that are acquired after birth a. Measles

22 Forrest Gump

23 Article on Mental Retardation 1. What are the different forms of Retardation? 2. What are some differences between the different forms of Retardation? 3. What IQ Score do people have to get below to be classified as Mentally Retarded? 4. What percentage of the American population is classified as mentally retarded? 5. Is IQ Score the only factor that plays a role in determining how functional someone with Mental Retardation will be in the future?

24 Mental Retardation and Education IQ Testing: If people score below a 70 on the IQ Test, they are classified as having Mental Retardation NCLB: Supports disadvantaged students by improving education through setting high expectations and measurable goals that all students have to meet How do you propose that schools can meet the needs of students who have higher than average IQ s, lower IQ s, and normal IQ s?

25 Practice Thesis Writing

26 Warm Up What factors have played a role on decisions you have made in the past?

27 Present Homeworks Present the decision that you are going to have to make in the next few years Identify the Pros of one choice Identify the Cons of the other choice Draw a map/chart of the process of decision-making that went into you arriving at your final decision

28 Dr. Temple Grandin

Introduction to Psychology. Lecture 34

Introduction to Psychology. Lecture 34 Lecture 34 GARDNER S THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES Given by Howard Gardner in 1985 He entirely disagreed with the theorists who gave importance to factor analysis, except one thing that is common and