A Sampler of Strengths-Based Implementation and Facilitation Strategies in Recreation Therapy/Therapeutic Recreation

Transcription

1 A Sampler of Strengths-Based Implementation and Facilitation Strategies in Recreation Therapy/Therapeutic Recreation 2017 CTRA Webinar May 1, 2017 Lynn Anderson, Ph.D., CTRS, CPRP Recreation, Parks and Leisure Studies Department SUNY Cortland P.O. Box 2000 Cortland, NY (607) Linda Heyne, Ph.D., CTRS Recreation and Leisure Studies Department Ithaca College 953 Danby Road, Smiddy Hall 313 Ithaca, NY (607)

2 from Anderson, L., & Heyne, L. (2012) 64 Therapeutic Recreation Practice: A Strengths Approach PERSON in the ENVIRONMENT Facilitation of leisure skills and knowledge: Savoring leisure* Interests, preferences Authentic leisure* Talents, abilities Leisure gratifications* Skills and competencies Mindful leisure* Leisure knowledge Virtuous leisure* Aspirations Enhancing the Leisure Experience Play Recreate Developing Strengths and Resources Facilitation of leisure environments: Real choices for leisure Typical lifestyle rhythms Social support Inclusive environments - Physical accessibility - Administrative inclusivity - Programming inclusivity PSYCHOLOGICAL & EMOTIONAL I feel happy and perceive I am in control of my life LEISURE I find enjoyment in my leisure experiences and they positively impact other aspects of my life COGNITIVE I think in a focused way and learn eagerly Facilitation of psychological and emotional strengths: Capacity for happiness* Emotion regulation* Self-awareness/self-acceptance/self-congruence* Autonomy/self-determination/goal directedness* Competence* Optimism* Facilitation of cognitive strengths: Ability to attend* Concentration* Following directions* Memory* Problem solving Goal setting*, aspiration discovery Perceive Feel Think Learn Facilitation of psychological and emotional resources: Positive behavioral supports Natural cues Quiet spaces in public areas High expectations and positive attitudes Other supports and accommodations Facilitation of cognitive resources: Environmental cues Environment modifications Quiet spaces in public areas Activity adaptations Other supports and accommodations SOCIAL I relate well to others and belong to valued social groups Well-Being I experience a state of successful, satisfying, and productive engagement with my life* PHYSICAL I do and act in my daily life with vitality and no barriers Facilitation of social strengths: Communication skills* Interpersonal skills* Reciprocal-relationship skills*, friendship skills Leadership and citizenship skills Social confidence* Relate Belong Facilitation of social resources: Inclusivity and diversity Opportunities to engage in meaningful social roles Trained staff Peer support development Other supports and accommodations SPIRITUAL I live my life hopefully, in harmony with my values and beliefs Facilitation of physical strengths: Physical health* Mobility* Fitness endurance, strength, flexibility* Energy and vitality Physical activity skills Facilitation of spiritual strengths: Hope and inspiration Sense of meaning and purpose Peace of mind Reflection and wisdom Self-actualization Sense of connectedness/feeling a part of something bigger Other character strengths and virtues Act Do Believe Value Facilitation of physical resources: Safe environments Universal design Adapted equipment Affordability, equitable resource distribution Home recreation resource development Community recreation resource development Facilitation of spiritual resources: Culture of hope, support, and encouragement Proximity to nature Quiet places in public areas Places of spiritual nourishment Beauty and aesthetics in the environment A Flourishing Life Environmental resources and personal strengths that cultivate growth, adaptation, and inclusion Participant s goals, What the Therapeutic Recreation Specialist Does dreams, and aspirations Outcomes the Participant Experiences * From the Leisure and Well-Being Model (Carruthers & Hood, 2007; Hood & Carruthers, 2007) Figure 4.3 Flourishing through Leisure Model: An Ecological Extension of the Leisure and Well-Being Model

3 Values in Action (VIA) Strengths Assessment (Peterson & Seligman, 2004; Seligman, 2002) Very Much Like Me Like Me Neutral Unlike Me Very Much Unlike Me Cluster 1: 1a. I am always curious about the world is: b. I am easily bored is: a. I am thrilled when I learn something new is: b. I never go out of my way to visit museums or other educational sites is: 3a. When the topic calls for it, I can be a highly rational thinker is: b. I tend to make snap judgments is: a. I like to think of new ways to do things is: b. Most of my friends are more imaginative than I am is: a. I am always able to look at things and see the big picture is: b. Others rarely come to me for advice is: Cluster 2: 6a. I have taken frequent stands in the face of strong opposition is: b. Pain and disappointment often get the better of me is: a. I always finish what I start is: b. I get sidetracked when I work is: a. I always keep my promises is: b. My friends never tell me I m down to earth is: a. I throw myself into everything I do is: b. I mope a lot is: Cluster 3: 10a. I have voluntarily helped a neighbor in the last month is: b. I am rarely excited about the good fortune of others as I am about my own is: 11a. There are people in my life who care as much about my feelings and well-being as they do about their own is: 11b. I have trouble accepting love from others is: a. No matter what the social situation, I am able to fit in is: b. I am not very good at sensing what other people are feeling is: Cluster 4: 13a. I work at my best when I am in a group is: b. I hesitate to sacrifice my self-interest for the benefit of the group is: 14a. I treat all people equally regardless of who they might be is: b. If I do not like someone, it is difficult for me to treat him or her fairly is: 15a. I can always get people to do things together without nagging them is: 15b. I am not very good at planning group activities is: Cluster 5: 16a. I control my emotions is: b. I can rarely stay on a diet is: a. I avoid activities that are physically dangerous is: b. I sometimes make poor choices in friendships or relationships is: a. I change the subject when people pay me compliments is: b. I often talk about my accomplishments is: a. I always let bygones be bygones is: b. I always try to get even is:

4 Cluster 6: 20a. In the last month, I have been thrilled by excellence in music, art, drama, film, sport, science, or mathematics is Very Much Like Me Like Me Neutral Unlike Me Very Much Unlike Me b. I have not created anything of beauty in the last year is: a. I always say thank you, even for little things is: b. I rarely stop and count my blessings is: a. I always look on the bright side is: b. I rarely have a well-thought-out plan for what I want to do is: a. My life has a strong purpose is: b. I do not have a calling in life is: a. I always mix work and play as much as possible is: b. I rarely say funny things is: Scoring Your Strengths: Enter your score from the items above in each blank below; add the scores for each strength and each virtue in the s columns. Note that the Virtues score is an average of all of the strengths items in that box. Virtue 1: WISDOM Virtue 4: JUSTICE Curiosity 1a. + 1b. Citizenship 13a. + 13b. Love of learning 2a. + 2b. Fairness 14a. + 14b. Judgment/openmindedness 3a. + 3b. Ingenuity/creativity 4a. + 4b. Leadership 15a. + 15b. Justice Subtotal (divide by 3 for average) Perspective 5a. + 5b. Wisdom Subtotal (divide by 5 for average) Virtue 5: TEMPERANCE Self-control 16a. + 16b. Virtue 2: COURAGE Valor 6a. + 6b. Perseverance 7a. + 7b. Integrity 8a. + 8b. Zest/vitality 9a. + 9b. Prudence 17a. + 17b. Humility 18a. + 18b. Forgiveness 19a. + 19b. Temperance Subtotal (divide by 4 for average) Courage Subtotal (divide by 4 for average) Virtue 6: TRANSCENDENCE Appreciation of beauty 20a. + 20b. Virtue 3: HUMANITY Kindness 10a. + 10b. Loving 11a. + 11b. Social intelligence 12a. + 12b. Gratitude 21a. + 21b. Hope 22a. + 22b. Spirituality 23a. + 23b. Humor 24a. + 24b. Humanity Subtotal (divide by 3 for average) Transcendence Subtotal (divide by 5 for average) Circle your top 5 strengths. Circle your top 2 virtues. What is your signature strength?

5 Savoring Scavenger Hunt 1 Ways of savoring: Thanksgiving - gratitude for blessings and gifts which are attributed to an external source Marveling - awe in the presence of an external force. It is the absorption of attention on the grandeur of an experience or construct which exists outside of the self Basking - enjoying one s accomplishments; a sense of achievement and also the anticipation and reminiscence of that achievement Luxuriating - savoring of physical pleasures Savoring #1 - Luxuriating Savoring #2 - Basking Savoring #3 - Marveling

6 Table 2. Definitions of Ten Frequently Experienced Positive Emotions Positive Emotion What Tends to Trigger the Emotion Thought-Action Tendency Triggered Resources Accrued Joy Safe, familiar, unexpectedly good Play, get involved, free activation Skills gained via experiential learning Gratitude Receive a benefit or gift Creative urge to be prosocial Skills for showing care, loyalty, social bonds Serenity or contentment Safe, familiar, low effort Savor, integrate New priorities, new views of self Interest Safe, novel Explore, learn Knowledge Hope Fearing the worst, yearning for better Plan for a better future Resilience, optimism Pride Socially valued achievement Dream big Achievement motivation Amusement Non-serious social incongruity Share, be jovial, laugh Social bonds Inspiration Witness human excellence Strive toward own higher ground Motivation for personal growth Awe Encounter beauty or goodness on a grand scale Absorb, accommodate New worldviews Love Any/all of the above in an interpersonal connection Any/all of the above with mutual care Any/all of the above, especially social bonds Adapted from Fredrickson (2013b) From Anderson & Heyne (in press, Therapeutic Recreation Journal) 5

7 Strengths-Based Therapeutic Recreation Resources List Anderson, L., & Heyne, L. (2012). Therapeutic recreation practice: A strengths approach. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc. Anderson, L., & Heyne, L. (2012). Flourishing through Leisure: An Ecological Extension to the Leisure and Well-Being Model in therapeutic recreation strengths-based practice. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 46(2), Anderson, L., & Heyne, L. (2013). A strengths approach to assessment in therapeutic recreation: Tools for positive change. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 46(2), Bryant, F., & Veroff, J. (2007). Savoring: A new model of positive experience. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Carruthers, C., & Hood C. (2004). The power of the positive: Leisure and well-being. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 38(2), Carruthers, C. & Hood, C. (2007). Building a life of meaning through therapeutic recreation: The Leisure and Well-Being Model, part I. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 41(4), Carruthers, C., & Hood, C. (2011). Mindfulness and well-being: Implications for TR practice. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 45(3), Deegan, P. (1988). Recovery: The lived experience of rehabilitation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 11(4), Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity: Groundbreaking research reveals how to embrace the hidden strength of positive emotions, overcome negativity, and thrive. New York: Crown Publishers. Fredrickson, B. L. (2013). Love 2.0: How our supreme emotion affects everything we feel, think, do and become. New York: Hudson Street Press. Heyne, L., & Anderson, L. (2012). Theories that support strengths-based practice in therapeutic recreation. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 46(2), Hood, C., & Carruthers, C. (2007). Enhancing leisure experience and developing resources: The Leisure and Well-Being Model, part II. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 41(4), Lopez, S., & Snyder, C. (2003). Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). The how of happiness: A scientific approach to getting the life you want. New York: The Penguin Press. Lyubomirsky, S. (2013). The myths of happiness: What should make you happy, but doesn t, what shouldn t make you happy, but does. New York: Penguin Press. Nussbaum, M. (2007). Frontiers of justice: Disability, nationality, species membership. Boston: Harvard University Press. Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. American Psychological Association. Rapp, C., & Goscha, R. (2006). The strengths model: Case management with people with psychiatric disabilities. New York: Oxford University Press. Ratey, J. (2008). Spark: The revolutionary new science of exercise and the brain. New York: Little, Brown and Company. Saleebey, D. (2006). The strengths perspective in social work practice (4 th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. Search Institute. (2013). What kids need: Building blocks for children and youth. Minneapolis, MN: Author. Retrieved from Selhub, E., & Logan, A. (2012). Your brain on nature: The science of nature s influence on your health, happiness and vitality. Mississauga, Ontario: John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. Seligman, M. (1998). Why therapy works. APA Monitor, 29(12), 1-2. Retrieved from Seligman, M. (2002). Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. New York, NY: The Free Press. Seligman, M. (2003). Foreword: The past and future of positive psychology. In C. Keyes & J. Haidt (Eds.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (pp. xi-xx). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Seligman, M. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Simon and Schuster. Utesch, W. (n.d.). From a glass half empty to a glass half full: A review of the transition from deficit to strength-based approaches. Fort Wayne, IN: Foellinger Foundation. Witman, J., Jacob, S., Anderson, L., Heyne, L., & Malcarne, B. (2014). The Well-Being Index: A pilot project. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 48(2), World Health Organization. (2004). Joint position paper Community-based rehabilitation: A strategy for rehabilitation, equalization of opportunities, poverty reduction, and social inclusion of people with disabilities. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Internet Resources: Authentic Happiness, University of Pennsylvania: Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Health Care, and Society, University of Massachusetts Medical School: umassmed.edu/cfm/ Gratitude Revealed: Greater Good Science Center: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Positive Emotions and Psychophysiology Laboratory: Positive Psychology Center: Video Resources: Aimee Mullins, My 12 Pair of Legs: Aimee Mullins, The Opportunity of Adversity: Bene Brown, The Power of Vulnerability: Flame, the Band: Hilary Lister, Dream Trust: