Perioperative Ultrasound and Applied Technologies

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September-December 2013 Volume 2 Number 3 ISSN 2277-7466 Editor-in-Chief Raj Tobin (New Delhi, India) Perioperative Ultrasound and The

1 September-December 2013 Volume 2 Number 3 ISSN Editor-in-Chief Raj Tobin (New Delhi, India) Perioperative Ultrasound and The Official Publication of the Society for Ultrasound in Anaesthesia (Registered in England and Wales Number )

2 Perioperative Ultrasound and 1. Aims and Scope The international Journal of Perioperative Ultrasound and (IJPUT) is a peer-reviewed journal covering the use of ultrasound and other technological advances in the perioperative care. The technological evolutions take us beyond our capabilities to help us improving the quality of patient care. These advancements may be in the area of application, computation, information technology, human-computer adaptation, monitors, equipments, data management systems, simulations, virtual labs, learning tools, wireless networking or artificial intelligence technology, and so on, the list is endless. There is a definitive role of all above in day-to-day clinical practice due to the associated advantages like higher degree of precision, quality and safety in perioperative care. These advancements in ultrasound and other technologies are growing at outrageous pace and it s difficult to speculate what the future may bring. The journal aims to publish articles arising out of original research, specialized topics, review articles, editorials and descriptions of new ultrasound techniques and technologies. In addition the journal includes pictorial reviews, letters to the editor, book reviews, and notices of meetings and courses. In this way the journal hopes to provide a forum for the stimulation of new developments, clinical practices, and research in the application of ultrasound and other applied technologies in the modern perioperative medicine. 2. Ethical Considerations Investigation, interventions and surgery on human subjects should conform to the guidelines noted in the World Health Organisation Chronicle 1976;30: Manuscripts submitted for publication must comply with the following ethical considerations: Informed Consent Informed consent of the patients must be taken before they are considered for participation in the study. Patient identifying information, such as names, initials, hospital numbers, or photographs should not be included in the written descriptions. Patient consent should be obtained in written and archived with the authors. Protection of Human Subjects and Animals in Research When conducting experiments on human subjects, appropriate approval must have been obtained by the relevant ethics committees. All procedures must be performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible ethics committee both (institutional and national) on human experimentation and the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 (as revised in 2008). When reporting experiments on animals, authors must follow the institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals. 3. Copyright Following guidelines must be followed before submission of the manuscript: The articles must represent original research material, should not have been published before, and should not be under consideration of publication else where. This however does not include previous publications in form of an abstract or as part of published literature (research or thesis). It is the duty of the author to obtain the necessary permissions for extensive quotations, tables, illustrations, or any other copyrighted material they are using in the paper before a paper can be considered for publication. Copyright of the article gets transferred to Jaypee Brothers, once the article has been accepted for publication. The author would be asked to sign the Copyright Transfer Form before his/her article is considered for publication. Once the Copyright Transfer statement has been signed by the corresponding author, no change in authorship or in the order of the authors listed on the article would be accepted by Jaypee Brothers. Also by signing the above mentioned form, the author reassigns the rights of copublishing, or translation if considered necessary in future to the publisher. In the advent of occurrence of any dispute, the matter would be resolved within the jurisdiction of New Delhi court. While all care has been taken to provide accurate and correct information in accordance with the date of publication, neither the authors, editors not the publisher takes any legal responsibility for any unintentional omission or error. The publisher makes no expressed or implied warranty with respect to the information contained herein. The published material cannot be photocopied for the following purposes: general distribution, promotion, new works or resale. If this is required, specific written permission requires to be obtained from the publisher. Exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the articles in this journal have been protected by copyright. This also covers the rights to reproduce or distribute the article as well as the translation rights. No material published in this journal can be reproduced in digital format or stored in form of electronic databases, video disks, etc. Both the conflict of interests and financial disclosure needs to be handled well while conducting the research study. Disclosure of such relationships is also important in connection with all articles submitted for publication. Both of these have also been included in the copyright transfer form. Authors should give due acknowledgement to the individuals who provide writing or other assistance while conducting the research study and also disclose the funding source for the research study. 4. Subscription Information ISSN eissn Subscription rates For information on subscription rates and the other journal related enquiries please contact: journals@jaypeebrothers.com Orders Journals Department Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi , India Phone: Fax: subscriptions@jaypeejournals.com Back volume. Prices are available on request. 5. Electronic Media An electronic edition of this journal is available at Manuscripts can be submitted online at 6. Advertisement For advertisement queries please contact: Journals Department Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers advertisements@jaypeejournals.com For any queries regarding online submission, please us at: help-desk@jaypeejournals.com For editorial queries, please contact: chetna.malhotra@jaypeebrothers.com The journal is printed on acid free paper. Copyright Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. ii

3 IJPUT September-December 2013 Vol. 2 No. 3 Perioperative Ultrasound and Editor-in-Chief Raj Tobin New Delhi, India Managing Editors Atul Gaur Leicester, UK Deepak K Tempe New Delhi, India Jatin Dedhia Lincoln, UK Publishing Center Publisher Jitendar P Vij Senior Manager Chetna Vohra Managing Editor Ekta Aggarwal Editorial Associate Pankaj K Singh Creative Designer Radhe Shyam Singh Editorial Office Raj Tobin MD, EDRA Senior Consultant and Head Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Management Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India rajtobin@hotmail.com Production Office Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi , India Phone: Fax: journals@jaypeebrothers.com Advertisements Rakesh Sheoran Phone: advertisements@jaypeejournals.com rakesh.sheoran@jaypeebrothers.com Subscriptions/Reprints Abhinav Kumar Phone: subscriptions@jaypeejournals.com abhinav.kumar@jaypeebrothers.com Website Queries Harish Upadhayay Phone: contact@jaypeejournals.com harish.upadhayay@jaypeebrothers.com Editors Agarwal Anil Lucknow, India Bodner Gerd Vienna, Austria Galante Dario Foggia, Italy Kumar G Belani Minneapolis, USA Pandey VP Indore, India Poelaert Jan Laarbeeklaan, Brussels Searle Adrian Derby, UK Associate Editors Agrawal Sanjay Leicester, UK Bhattacharya Prithwis Shillong, India Bollini Arturo Carlos Buenos Aires, Argentina Chauhan Sandeep New Delhi, India Chinniampalayam Rajamohan Winnipeg, Canada Eldawlaty Abdelazeem Riyadh, Saudia Arabia Fondi A Marco Aosta, Italy Gaur Vandana Coventry, UK Girotra Gautam New Delhi, India Goel Sanjay New Delhi, India Gupta Alok New Delhi, India Hebballi Ravi Leicester, UK Jain Rajnish Bhopal, India Jarman Bob Gateshead, UK Nadkarni Jayashree Bhopal, India Kaddour BM Loughborough, UK Korula Mary Vellore, India Lars Bitsch-Larsen Bergen, Norway Lin Edward Leicester, UK Nambiath Sujata New Delhi, India Ojeda Antonio Spain Pandey CK New Delhi, India Pooboni Suneel Leicester, UK Roberts Steve Liverpool, UK Rojals Victor Mayoral Barcelona, Spain Sandhu Kavita New Delhi, India Saralaya Vasudha Mangalore, India Tripathi Mukesh Lucknow, India TVS Gopal Hyderabad, India Members Agarwal Aditya Bhopal, India Ahemed Aamer (English Editor) Leicester, UK Bhatti Tajammal Burton-on-Trent, UK Chengode Suresh Muscat, Oman Gaur Pritika (English Editor) London, UK Jain PN Mumbai, India Jones Robert Wrexham, Wales Lakhotia Rajiv Lucknow, India Machin David Staffordshire, UK Mendonca Cyprian Coventry, UK Narula Navneet Derby, UK Ponde Vrushali Mumbai, India Raveendran Raviraj Vellore, India Sharma Jagdish Dehradoon, India Sinha Prabhat Campbellton, Canada Sripada Ramprasad Nashville, USA Varughese G Kotakkathu Bergen, Norway iii

Perioperative Ultrasound and September-December 2013 Volume 2 Number 3 Contents Editorial...... v Research Articles Improving Trauma Theatre Utilisation in a District General Hospital.

5 Perioperative Ultrasound and September-December 2013 Volume 2 Number 3 Contents Editorial v Research Articles Improving Trauma Theatre Utilisation in a District General Hospital Pei Kee Poh, Andrew Langton, David Read, Jatin Dedhia Electrical Cardiometry in Patients undergoing Cardiac Catheterisation Jitin Narula, Usha Kiran, Sandeep Chauhan, S Ramakrishnan, Arindam Chowdhary Comprehensive Sonoanatomy Teaching Module to improve Neuraxial Block Performance of Trainees Vidur Shyam, Jessie Watkins, Michael Christopher Mcmullen, Brian Simchison, John Murdoch The Clavicular Notch as an Alternate Anatomical Landmark for Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation in Infants and Children: A Descriptive Study Vijay Mohan Hanjoora, Agnes Suah Bwee NG, Josephine Swee Kim TAN, Nambiath Sujata Cost-efficiency Analysis of USG-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks Simantika Ghosh, Jyotsna Goswami Perioperative Noninvasive Assessment of Intracranial Tension by Ultrasonographic Monitoring of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter: Our Experience Sangeeta Khanna, Jyotirmoy Das, Sudhir Kumar, Yatin Mehta Review Articles Transesophageal Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Mitral Valve: Part I Sanjay Goel Ultrasound-guided Lumbar Facet Nerve Block: Sonoanatomy and Technique Shyam Balasubramanian Ultrasound-guided Approaches to Sciatic Nerve Block Herman Sehmbi, Ushma Jitendra Shah Case Reports A Triad of Altered Consciousness, Deep Cyanosis, with Low SpO 2 and Markedly raised PaO 2 on ABG: Manifestations of Rare Insecticide Poisoning (Indoxacarb) Jyoti Tiwari, VP Pandey, RK Jha, Akshat Pandey Patients Erroneously administered Clopidogrel with an Epidural Catheter in situ: Case Series Vidur Shyam, Alexander Corneman, Brian Simchison vi

Perioperative Ultrasound and Applied Technologies

May-August 2013 Volume 2 Number 2 ISSN 2277-7466 Editor-in-Chief Atul Gaur (Leicester, UK) International Journal of Perioperative Ultrasound and Applied Technologies The Official Publication of the Society