Controlled Drugs Sections
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1 Dr. TAM Wai-ming, Thomas Senior Chemist Government laboratory Sections involved in drugs of abuse analysis Controlled Drugs Sections Examining drugs seized by law enforcement departments Forensic Toxicology Sections Screening for drugs/poisons in Biological specimens Blood/urine/liver/stomach content Non-biological specimens Syringes/tablets/drinks Controlled Drugs Sections Examination of drugs of abuse Submitted by Customs and Excise Department Submitted by Police Force Dealing with the forensic drug analysis for offences in breach of The Dangerous Drugs Ordinance The Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance The Control of Chemicals Ordinance Forensic Toxicology Sections The Analytical Toxicology Unit Provide service to Police Forensic Pathologists Clinical Pathologists Screening for drugs and poisons in biological specimens Death inquiry Criminal offences e.g. rape Forensic Toxicology Sections The Urinalysis Unit Provide service to Correctional Services Department Social Welfare Department Methadone Clinics Screening for drugs of abuse in urine samples Overview from different perspectives Drug Seizures Death incidents Sexual Offences Urinalysis 1
2 Drugs of Abuse Cases Examined in 2006 Controlled Drugs sections Drugs of Abuse in Hong Kong Ketamine 25% Heroin 23% Tranquillisers 23% Cannabis 9 % Methamphetamine 6 % Ecstasy 6 % Cocaine 6 % Methadone 2 % Ketamine Heroin Tranquillizers Midazolam Estazolam Zopiclone Nimetazepam Cannabis Methamphetamine Ecstasy Cocaine Methadone Ketamine (K 仔 ) Appearance of Ketamine Slang name : K, K 仔, 茄, Special K, Super K, Vitamin K, Ket, Kit Kat In form of Ketamine Hydrochloride Almost 100% in purity for most seizures Packaging of Street Level Ketamine Ketamine in paper packets 2
3 Inhalation apparatus for Ketamine Street Level Heroin (Purity at 25-35%) Heroin Additives Caffeine Paracetamol Antipyrine Carbetapentane Theophylline Estazolam Phenobarbitone Nicotinamide Commonly Abused Tranquillisers Midazolam Estazolam Zopiclone Nimetazepam Tranquillisers Estazolam 舒樂安定 ( 艾司唑侖 ) Midazolam Zoplicone Estazolam 3
4 Nimetazepam 硝甲西泮 Drug Classification a benzodiazepine not registered in Hong Kong Street Names Give me Five 五仔, 黃飛鴻 Erimin 5 (Nimetazepam) 五仔, 黃飛鴻 Imprints 5 - on one side 028 on the other side Genuine and fake Erimin 5 tablets Fake Erimin (green tablet) Fake Genuine 6 milligrammes of nimetazepam Cannabis plant 大麻植物 大麻捲煙 Cannabis Cigarette Herbal cannabis THC content : 1-3 % 4
5 Cannabis Resin 大麻樹脂 ( 大麻精 ) Cannabis bud 大麻花 THC content : 8-12 % THC content : % Methamphetamine HCl crystal (Ice) 甲基安非他明 ( 冰 ) Ice smoking apparatus 吸食冰的工具 Almost 100 % in purity Methamphetamine tablet Ya ba Methamphetamine tablet Ya ba Popular in Thailand 5
6 Cocaine base (in crack form) Cocaine HCl (in block form) Cocaine HCl (in block form) Cocaine snorting apparatus 可卡因吸食工具 Tablets (>500 collections since emergency) Coloured tablets with logo imprinted Mostly round in shape Mostly MDMA (~100 mg per tablets) May be laced with Methamphetamine MDA Amphetamine Caffeine Ketamine 2-CB (tablets - difference in shapes) 6
7 (tablets - interesting logo) (tablets - interesting logo) (tablets - interesting logo) (tablets - interesting logo) (tablets same logo in different colours) (tablets same logo in different colours) 7
8 (tablets same logo in different colours) Strength of MDMA in ATS tablets Most tablets (~200 mg in weight) MDMA : ~100 mg Some tablets with low level of MDMA MDMA : mg MA : 3-4 mg 2-CB : present in low level High strength tablets (~300 mg in weight) mg MDMA Methadone ( 美沙胴 ) Fatal cases with popular drugs of abuse detected in 2006 Morphine (Heroin) Methadone Ketamine Cannabis MDMA Methamphetamine Benzodiazepines Zopiclone 183 cases 85 cases 21 cases 0 case 14 cases 22 cases 250 cases 74 cases Sexual Offences Examined in out of 46 cases with alcohol/drugs of abuse detected 6 cases with alcohol detected only 1 case with alcohol and cocaine detected 1 case with alcohol and zopiclone detected 1 case with 7 drugs of abuse Cannabis, cocaine, ketamine, MDA, MDMA, methamphetamine & nimetazepam 20 cases with drug(s) of abuse detected Cannabis Diazepam MDMA MDA Methamphetamine Ketamine Zopiclone Nimetazepam Morphine Urinalysis/2006 (service to CSD, SWD & Police) Morphine tests (8.5% positive) Codeine tests (7.9% positive) Methadone tests (10.6% positive) Ketamine tests (6.6% positive) Amphetamine tests (9.0% positive) Benzo tests (4.0% positive) THC tests (3.0% positive) MDMA 9961 tests (1.3% positive) Cocaine 576 tests (32.5% positive) Zopiclone 89 tests (9.0% positive) 8
9 9
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