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1 Build-A-Cell Name: Group members: Date: Instructions: Please use the the Lego blocks responsibly and not a device to pinch other students. Answer the pre-lab questions before you start, follow all directions, answer the discussion questions when you have finished, and have fun building! Pre-lab questions: You may use your notes to answer the following questions: 1. If you were looking for DNA in a eukaryotic cell, where would you go to find it? 2. What is transcription? 3. Where does it occur? 4. What are the DNA-RNA base-pairing rules? 5. What is the name of the 3 nucleotide segments of? 6. Which organelle is responsible for making proteins? 7. What is translation? 8. Where does it occur? 9. During translation, what pairs up with the codons? 10. What do trnas carry to the ribosome? 11. What do they form as they link up to build a chain?
2 Purpose: Different types of cells make different proteins according to the jobs they have to do. For example, only cells in your eyes make proteins for detecting light. As well as these 'specialized' proteins, almost all your cells share a common set of 'housekeeping' proteins. So, how do cells decide which proteins to make? Almost all your cells have the same set of genes (DNA). These carry instructions for making every protein in your body. But any particular cell uses only a selected set of those genes; if a gene is 'switched off', no protein will be made from that gene. The process of protein production requires multiple steps. Each of these steps requires signals from outside and from within the cell. The first step is for chemicals outside the cell to call for a need for a particular protein. The chemical signals travel to the nucleus, where the gene containing the instructions to make the cell is transcribed into a messenger RNA sequence (). The leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosome. The ribosome signals the trna to bring the correct amino acid to the ribosome so the protein can be built from the amino acids. Materials: At each Lab Station: r Lego protein recipe r Lego genetic code At middle table in back of room: r Brown Lego blocks r Blue Lego blocks r Green Lego blocks r Red Lego blocks r Orange Lego blocks r Yellow Lego blocks Posted on the back of the door: r Lego DNA Procedure: 1. Decide who will have the following jobs and write the names below: r Person who copies genes for your cell (from Lego DNA) r Lego Tower Builder: r Block Collector (picks up blocks from the table in the back of room): 2. Write your cell type on your data sheet. 3. Each student should copy your cell recipe onto your data sheet. 4. One person goes to the front of the classroom and copy the genes you will use onto your data sheet in groups of three (codons). 5. Transcribe the DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides on your data sheet. 6. Decode or translate the RNA codons into the correct Lego colored blocks.
3 7. One person in your group will go to the front lab station and get the correct Lego blocks needed to build your Lego polypeptide chain. 8. Draw and color your Lego polypeptide chain. 9. Check your Lego protein with your teacher. 10. Answer the discussion questions. Discussion Questions: 1. What does each of the following represent? Front of the classroom: Table with the blocks: Lab Station: Lego blocks: Lego tower: The person in your group building the tower: The person in your group getting the blocks: The person in your group copying the genes from the front of the class: Look at all the Lego towers made by the different groups: 2. How are they similar? 3. How are they different? 4. Do different cells (liver, nerve, bone, etc.) have the same DNA? 5. How do you know this? 6. Why do you think these different cells have different proteins? 7. Find the Amino Acids for your genes on the codon chart. Fill in chart below. Amino Acid What have you learned about proteins or protein synthesis that you did not already know?
4 LEGO Build-A-Cell DATA SHEET Name: Cell Type: Recipe: Remember: Do NOT use the trna to figure out what color your blocks will be!!!! Use the to figure this out, just like you do with your codon chart. Recipe DNA trna Blocks Recipe DNA trna Blocks Recipe DNA trna Blocks Protein Model (Please color this according to the protein you made) This activity sheet was in landscape and was bigger so that students could easily fill it out! I will send you the file if you need it.
5 Lego Polypeptide Recipes Cell Type Genes Skin Cell 1, 2, 2, 1, 3, 3, 5, 4 Bone Cell 1, 5, 3, 4, 1, 1 Lung Cell 3, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 2, 3, 1, 3 Kidney Cell 2, 5, 2, 4, 3, 2, 4, 2, 3 White Blood Cell 5, 4, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 2
6 Lego Genetic Code Block UGG Yellow CGC Brown UUA Red CUA Blue UGC Orange CAA Green Lego Genetic Code Block UGG Yellow CGC Brown UUA Red CUA Blue UGC Orange CAA Green
7 Rubric For Build-A-Cell Lab Pre-activity questions All questions complete /20 Data Sheet Sheet completely filled out, protein model colored /15 Data Sheet Correct cell and block recipe as compared with teacher key /17 Discussion Questions All questions complete /20 Discussion Question #1 1 point each Answers: nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome, amino acid, polypeptide or protein, rrna or ribosome, trna, /8 Discussion Question #2 Answer: same colored blocks used for all /5 Discussion Question #3 Answer: different order and/or number of blocks, different sizes /5 Discussion Question #4 Answer: yes /5 Discussion Question #5 Answer: different genes or code for different functions /5 Total /100
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