CONCURRENT VASCULOGENESIS AND ANGIOGENESIS IN THE NORMAL HUMAN EMBRYO
|
|
- Isabella Curtis
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ORIGINAL ARTICLES CONCURRENT VASCULOGENESIS AND ANGIOGENESIS IN THE NORMAL HUMAN EMBRYO Anc Cimpen 1, Johnnes Achench 2, Mrius Ric 1 ABSTRACT Four humn emryos were investigted (5, 7, 7 nd 8 weeks old). Specimens were completely emedded in prffin nd seril cross sections were performed on the entire emryos. Between 60 nd 186 slides were otined, ech contining three sections. Ech 10 th section ws stined with routine hemtoxylin-eosin method. The next step ws stiny for vimentin, CD34 nd smooth muscle cell ctin. Blood vessels were counted using the hot spot method t x200 mgnifiction. No lood vessels were found in the crtilge, liver, rin nd spinl cord. The lrgest numer of lood vessels were noticed in the lung, ventricle, nd kidney. The lrge mjority of these vessels were immture nd lot of single endothelil cells were noticed. Only rre mture lood vessels were demonstrted with smooth muscle cell ctin. CD34 ws highly specific, ut it did not stin ll endothelil cells. We concluded tht CD34 is less sensitive for endothelil cells of the emryo thn for endothelil cells found in mlignnt tumors (s we found in previous studies). It is estimted tht the phenotype of the endothelil cells during vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis in emryo is different from tht descried in tumor ngiogenesis. Key Words: vsculogenesis, ngiogenesis, humn emryo, single endothelil cells, immture lood vessels, CD34 INTRODUCTION Vsculogenesis is the process of lood vessel formtion from lood islnds nd usully, it is found in its pure form only in the emryo. Vsculogenesis is multistep process tht involves the differentition of mesenchyml cells into ngiolsts nd then into endothelil cells. On the other hnd, some steps of this process re not completely understood. Few dt is ville on how long lood islnds persist, on the differentition of ngiolsts into endothelil cells, nd on the moment the lumen ecomes evident. Angiogenesis is the process of lood cell formtion from pre-existent lood vessels. 1-3 As the formtion of the lood vessel is lredy initited, the growth my continue s vsculogenesis or ngiogenesis is initited. Recently, Ashr et l., descried the ddition of circulting precursors of endothelil cells tht re eventully integrted into the wll. 4 This mechnism is likely to e found only in dult ngiogenesis fter 1 Deprtment of Histology Victor Bes University of Medicine nd Phrmcy, Timisor, Romni 2 Medizinische Hochschule of Hnnover, Germny Correspondence to: Anc Cimpen Victor Bes University of Medicine nd Phrmcy, Timisor, Romni P-t E. Murgu nr. 2, Timisor the complete differentition of the one mrrow. Tumor ngiogenesis is nowdys trget for therpy. The network of lood vessels found in mlignnt tumors does not initite the tumor ut it is essentil for its growth. As demonstrted mny yers go y Folkmn et l., tumors without lood supply do not grow more tht 3 mm in their lrger dimeter. 5,6,7 Tumor lood vessels were clssified s single endothelil cells, immture (without pericytes or smooth muscle cells) nd mture (with pericytes or smooth muscle cells). 8 The lrge mjority of studies tht focused on vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis were performed on niml models. Our purpose ws to identify different steps of vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis in the norml humn emryo nd to check for similr nd different spects compred with tumor ngiogenesis. We focused on the numer of smll lood vessels nd on their type, ccording to the clssifiction pulished y Gee et l. 8 We lso investigted the cell popultion round the newly formed lood vessels tht helps to understnd the ddition of pericytes nd/or smooth muscle cells to the lood vessel wll. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigted four humn emryos (5, 7, 7, nd 8 weeks of ge) tht were entirely sliced (step sections) Anc Cimpen, et l. 219
2 t 5 micrometer thick. Seventy-five sections from ech cse were stined with the routine hemtoxylin-eosin method for the study of lood vessel morphology. Additionl sections from ech cse were immunostined for vimentin (clone V9) (25 slides), smooth muscle cell nti ctin (clone 1A4) (25 slides), nd CD 34 (clone BI3C5) (25 slides). Antigen retrievl ws performed in ll cses using microwves nd the uffer citrte ph 6, for 20 to 30 minutes. The working system ws LSAB2 for vimentin nd smooth muscle cell ctin nd ChemMte for CD34. The finl rection product ws visulized with DAB; therefore, ny positive rection ws stined in rown color. Nuclei were counterstined with modified Lillie s Hemtoxylin. All regents were from DAKO Corportion Denmrk. Blood vessels were counted using the Hot Spot method t x200 mgnifiction tht reflects field of 0.63 cm 2 (choosing the field of highest density). Blood vessels were then inspected for positive rection with smooth muscle ctin nd CD34. Blood vessels with ll spces lined y CD34 positive cells were took into ccount. Isolted CD34- positive cells were considered single endothelil cells. The numer of lood vessels/x200 field ws grded s follows: 0 sent, + less thn 3, ++ 3 to 10, nd +++ more thn 10. RESULTS On hemtoxylin eosin stined preprtions the presence nd numer of lood vessels lrgely depends on the ge of the emryo. In the 5-week old emryo the primordi of the hert nd of lrge lood vessels were lredy developed. Very rre smll lood vessels nd lood islnds were found nd occsionlly, nucleted red lood cells were noticed within the mesenchyme. In the 7-week old emryo (27 mm long), mny lood vessels were found minly in the mesenchyml tissues. The highest density ws noticed in the mesenchyme of the primitive lung, hert nd in the undifferentited tissue locted round crtilges (Fig. 1). Few lood vessels were found in orgns like liver, trche or the primitive intestine. Smll lood islnds were found in the mesenchyme s ggregtes of ngiolsts nd nucleted red lood cells (Fig. 1). Only rre cells tht could e ngiolsts were found t the periphery of these islnds (Fig. 1c). Angiolsts or lessdifferentited endothelil cells sprouting from these islnds were oserved in lmost ll cses (Fig. 1d). It ws very difficult to identify single endothelil cells on slides stined with hemtoxylin-eosin. Moreover, in mny cses it ws difficult to discriminte etween mture nd immture lood vessels. The pprent distriution nd numer of single endothelil cells, immture nd mture lood vessels re shown in Tle 1. c d Figure1. The endothelium of the ventricle continues with the endothelium of lood vessels tht penetrte deep into the primitive myocrdium (). Blood islnds with ggregtes of committed mesenchyml cells nd nucleted red lood cells (). Angiolsts (c). Sprouting of ngiolsts from the wll of smll lood vessel (d) TMJ 2003, Vol. 53, No. 3-4
3 CD34 ws chosen to identify endothelil cells s it is highly sensitive, in spite of the fct tht it is less specific thn CD31. The internl positive control ws the endothelium lredy developed within the ort. In the 5-week old emryo, endothelil cells of the ort were lmost cuoidl nd more thn 90% showed strong positive rection of the cytoplsm (Fig. 2). In the 7- nd 8-week old emryos ll flt endothelil cells were strongly positive (Fig. 2). The nervous tissue of the rin, spinl cord nd peripherl nerves were negtive. We lso found negtive rection in the liver, drenl nd crtilge. The finl rection product ws intensely stined in rown with diffuse cytoplsmic pttern. All endothelil cells nd their precursors expressed CD34, except those of smll lood vessels of the outer lyer of the primitive intestine (Fig. 3). Only rre isolted cells, spindle or stellte in shpe, of the mesenchyml tissue were slightly positive with grnulr cytoplsmic pttern (Fig. 3). Therefore, the CD34 immunorection ws considered specific enough to numer lood vessels nd to evlute their type. Figure 3. Primitive intestine with positive lood vessels in the middle of the wll nd negtive t the periphery (). Isolted spindle cells with wek grnulr expression of CD34 () Figure 2. CD34 expression in the endothelium of the ort. 5-week old emryo (). 7-week old emryo () Few smll lood vessels were found in nerve gngli, the outer lyer of the trche, the midlyer of the esophgus nd the medull of the thymus. Mny lood vessels were found in the lung (Fig. 4), kidney (Fig. 4), hert (Fig. 4c), smll intestine (Fig. 4d), nd thyroid. There were positive lood vessels with evident lumen, endothelil cells sprouting from the wll s well s single endothelil cells. Blood islnds positive for CD34 were found only in the mesenchyml tissue of the 5-week old emryo (Fig. 5). Specific cells were rrnged in smll nests or cords; ngiolsts, nucleted red lood cells nd their precursors were negtive for CD34. Only rre remnnts of these islnds were noticed in 7- nd 8-week old emryos. A rich network of smll lood vessels ws noticed in the mesenchyml tissue (Fig. 6). The lrgest numer of lood vessels ws found in the mesenchyme of the hed. Between vessels with evident lumen mny single endothelil cells were found (Fig. 7). Sprouting of endothelil cells ws oserved from remnnt islnds nd from preexisting vessels s well (Fig. 8, ). Anc Cimpen, et l. 221
4 Figure 5. Blood islnd with strong positive rection in the mesenchyme of the 5-week old emryo c Figure 6. The rich network of lood vessels of the mesenchyml tissue d Figure 7. CD34 positive isolted cells Figure 4. CD34 expression in the lung (), kidney (), hert (c) nd smll intestine (d) Committed mesenchyml cells were concentrted minly round the crtilge model of future ones. Numerous smll nd intensely rnched lood vessels were found close to the extrcellulr mtrix of the hyline crtilge t this level. The rection for smooth muscle cell ctin in the 5- week old emryo ws negtive except for very wek positive stining in the medi of lrge xil lood vessels TMJ 2003, Vol. 53, No. 3-4
5 All smll lood vessels, single endothelil cells nd lood islnds identified with nti-cd34 were consistently negtive. Therefore, it ws concluded tht ll smll lood vessels found t this stge of development were of immture type nd the differentition of smooth muscle cells ws only t the eginning. mjority of CD34 positive elements were single endothelil cells (SEC). The highest numer of lood vessels with endothelium positive for CD34 ws found in the lung, kidney nd ventricle. Blood vessels positive for ctin were no more thn 3 per x200 microscopic field (mesenchyme nd lung). This mens tht the lrge mjority of lood vessels were of immture type. Aprt from results otined in the periderm, ventricle nd drenl, the numer of single endothelil cells previled over the numer of lood vessels with evident lumen. Figure 8. Sprouting of endothelil cells from remnnt lood islnd (), nd from n lredy developed vessel () In the 7- nd 8-week old emryos the strongest rection ws found in the outer muscle lyer of the esophgus; with moderte intensity in the medi of lrge lood vessels. Blood vessels were very rrely stined in the mesenchyml tissue s well s in ll other orgns. Moreover, in mny cses the lyer of positive cells ws discontinuous even in vessels with reltively lrge lumen (Fig. 9). Compring these results with those otined with CD34, we concluded tht the lrge mjority of lood vessels in the humn emryo re of n immture type. Mture lood vessels with smooth muscle cells were rrely well represented in the medi. The type of the lood vessels ws demonstrted y compring results otined with nti-cd34 with those otined with ntismooth muscle cell ctin. As it is shown in Tle 1, in mesenchyml tissue, developing one, the wll of the trche nd esophgus the lrge Figure 9. Blood vessel with smooth muscle cell lyer (), nd with discontinuous muscle/pericyte investment () Tle 1.The distriution nd numer of single endothelil cells nd lood vessels Tissue SEC / CD34 Lumen/CD34 Totl/CD34 Actin Periderm 6 (18.1%) 27 (81.8%) 33 1 Mesenchyme 25 (62.5%) 15 (37.5%) 40 3 Muscle 9 (56.2%) 7 (43.8%) 16 1 Bone 7 (70.0%) 3 (30.0%) 10 0 Esophgus 23 (85.1%) 4 (14.9%) 27 0 Thyroid 24 (68.5%) 11 (31.5%) 35 0 Trche 8 (80.0%) 2 (20.0%) 10 0 Ventricle 15 (21.4%) 55 (88.6%) 70 2 Lung 60 (50.0%) 60 (50.0%) Kidney 30 (37.5%) 50 (62.5%) 80 2 Adrenl 0(0%) 10 (100%) 10 0 Intestine 16 (40.0%) 24 (60.0%) 40 2 Nerve gngli 7 (50.0%) 7 (50.0%) 14 0 Anc Cimpen, et l. 223
6 The rection for vimentin ws found positive in mny mesenchyml cells, especilly in the re of hed nd neck. Vimentin ws not found in single endothelil cells nd wek rection ws noticed in the wll of some lood vessels. It is not good mrker for estimting vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis, ut informs out the good qulity of fixtion nd emedding tht llows further interprettion. DISCUSSIONS Vsculogenesis is the process of lood vessel formtion from the mesenchyme. Usully, this process is found only in the emryo, nd the formtion of the vsculr network is completed y ngiogenesis. In the emryo, vessels formed from splnchnopleuric mesoderm cells re clled ngiolsts. They fltten nd join together to form ngiocysts, which in turn link together to form tuulr ngiolstic cords. The ngiolstic cords form ngiolstic plexuses tht continue vsculogenesis, egin ngiogenesis or interclte mesoderml cells into the wlls of existing vessels. 9 In oth vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis during the mturtion of the vessels wll, there re involved endothelil cells, murl cells nd the extrcellulr mtrix. This process implies prolifertion, ddition, rnching nd speciliztion on locl demnds. 10 Filure of mturtion of lood vessels is often ssocited with vrious pthologicl conditions. Angiogenesis is the process of lood vessels formtion from preexistent lood vessels nd it ws reported in norml tissue, wound heling, nd lso in mlignnt tumors. It is multistep process tht overlps in prt with vsculogenesis. Concurrent vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis re noticed in the emryo, ut t present time there re few reports regrding their ehvior in the humn emryo. During emryonic development, the vsculr network is formed y vsculogenesis nd the most powerful stimulus is the vsculr endothelil growth fctor (VEGF). VEGF not only stimultes the prolifertion of endothelil cells ut lso their mturtion. CD31+, CD34+ nd VEGF receptor-2 positive ngiolsts form vsculr plexus tht gives rise to the dorsl ort, crdinl vein nd to the vessels of the yolk sc. 11,12,13 This dt is confirmed y our findings ecuse these lrge vessels were lredy found in the 5-week old emryo nd they were well developed in the 7- nd 8- week old emryos. Moreover, no other lood vessels were noticed in the 5-week old emryo; however, lot of CD34+ lood islnds were identified. Mturtion of lood vessels mens stiliztion of the structure of the wll y ddition of murl cells (pericytes or smooth muscle cells). 14 As Kerel et l. pointed out, the difference etween mture nd immture lood vessels resides in the presence of pericytes or smooth muscle cells tht stilize the wll. Immunohistochemistry for n endothelil mrker comined with nti-smooth muscle cell ctin cn, therefore, discriminte etween mture nd immture vessels. 15 We found tht in the humn emryo over 90% of cells stined for CD34 elonged to SECs nd immture vessels, nd only few hd concomitnt positive rection for ctin. Moreover, in mny orgns (esophgus, trche, thyroid, drenl) mture lood vessels were not found. In others, like the liver, neither mture nor immture lood vessels were found. Our results re similr to dt pulished y other uthors tht investigted vsculogenesis in the humn emryo. 16 In mny mlignnt tumors, ngiogenesis reproduces lmost ll steps of the sme process found in the emryo. The difference consists minly in the numer of endothelil sprouts tht re more numerous in the emryo s we found in the lung, ventricle, esophgus nd kidney. In tumor ngiogenesis the presence of SECs, immture nd mture lood vessels is well demonstrted. In oth emryo nd mlignnt tumor the vsculr network is necessry for further growth. The question is: do endothelil cells hve the sme phenotype in oth conditions? To nswer this question it is importnt to discuss the sensitivity nd specificity of endothelil mrkers. Von Willernd fctor is highly specific ut less sensitive ecuse it cn e demonstrted only in the cytoplsm of differentited endothelil cells tht contins Weiel-Plde odies. 17 This is why we did not introduce this method in our study. The lrge mjority of studies on this topic showed tht CD34 is the most sensitive mrker of the endothelil cell, in spite of the fct tht it is less specific. Anti-CD34 ntiody clone QBEnd10 rects with endothelil cells nd their progenitors ut it lso lels hemtopoietic progenitors nd dendritic cells. Dendritic cells re sent in the humn emryo nd mture lood cells do not express CD34. Therefore, we considered CD34 specific enough to identify nd count lood vessels. On the other hnd, we found negtive rection for CD34 in lood vessels of the outer lyer of the primitive intestine, in spite of the fct tht we clerly noticed lood vessels with lumen lined y endothelium. This oservtion rises the prolem of CD34 sensitivity tht seems to e lower for the humn emryo thn previously thought. We reported high sensitivity for CD34 in tumor ngiogenesis (prostte cncer, urothelil crcinom, nd rest cncer). As expected, n intensely TMJ 2003, Vol. 53, No. 3-4
7 positive rection (endothelium nd sprouts) ws noticed in ll conditions mentioned ove. Therefore, we cn conclude tht differences etween endothelil cells of the emryo nd those found in tumor ngiogenesis exist even t the level of the CD34 expression. For tht reson, we elieve tht the evlution of vsculogenesis nd ngiogenesis implies the comprison of CD34 nd CD31 expression. CONCLUSIONS CD34 is highly sensitive nd specific enough to identify lood vessels ut it ws not expressed y ll endothelil cells of the humn emryo Fetures of vsculogenesis do not completely overlp ngiogenesis In the 5-week old emryo vsculogenesis predomintes; in 7-week old emryo predomintes ngiogenesis Single endothelil cells nd immture lood vessels were the most numerous; only rrely lood vessels stined for smooth muscle cells ctin Immunohistochemistry for CD34 nd smooth muscle cell ctin discrimintes etween mture nd immture lood vessels Only some steps of the vsculo- nd ngiogenesis found in the humn emryo re similr with those found in tumor ngiogenesis REFERENCES 1. Weidner N, Folkmn J, Pozz F, et l. Tumor ngiogenesis: new significnt nd independent prognostic indictor in erly-stge rest crcinom. J Ntl Cncer Inst 1992;84: Ymzki PE, Ae S, Tgekw H, et l. Tumor ngiogenesis in humn lung denocrcinom. Cncer 1994;74: Zetter BR. Angiogenesis nd tumor metstsis. Ann Rev Med 1998;49: Ashr T, Msud H, Tkhshi T. Bone mrrow origin of endothelil cell progenitor cells responsile for postntl vsculogenesis in physiologicl nd pthologicl neovsculriztion. Circultion Res 1999;85: Folkmn J. Tumor ngiogenesis: therpeutic implictions. N Engl J Med 1971;285: Folkmn J. Anti-ngiogenesis: new concept for therpy of solid tumors. Ann Surg 1972;175: Folkmn J. The vsculriztion of tumors. Sci Am 1976;234: Gee MG, Procopio WN, Mkonnen S, et l. Tumor vessel development nd mturtion impose limits on the effectiveness of nti-vsculr therpy. Am J Pthol 2003;162: Clever O, Melton DA. Endothelil signling during development. Nture 2003; 9(6): Folkmn J. Angiogenesis reserch: from lortory to clinic. Forum 1999; 9: Crmeliet P. Mechnisms of ngiogenesis nd rteriogenesis. Nt Med 2000;285: Jin RK. Moleculr regultion of vessel mturtion. Nture 2003;9(6): Jin RK, Sfkhsh N, Sckell A, et l. Endothelil cell deth, ngiogenesis, nd microvsculr function fter cstrtion in n ndrogen-dependent tumor: role of vsculr endothelil growth fctor. PNAS 1998;95: Nguyen LL, D Amore PA. Cellulr interctions in vsculr growth nd differentition. Int Rev Cytol 2001;204: Kerel RS. Tumor ngiogenesis: pst, present nd the ner future. Crcinogenesis 2000;21: Isner MJ, Ashr T. Therpeutic ngiogenesis. Front Biosci 1998;3: Shih SC, Roinson GS, Perruzzi CA, et l. Moleculr profiling of ngiogenesis mrkers. Amer J Pthol 2002;161: Anc Cimpen, et l. 225
General Microscopic Changes
Generl Microscopic Chnges 2 This chpter covers collection of microscopic chnges tht lck dignostic specificity ut occur in different specific diseses, s will ecome pprent in susequent chpters. Almost ll
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
DOI: 10.1038/nc2824 Hcn4 Tx5 Mlc2 c Hcn4- ISH d Tx5- ISH e Mlc2-ISH Hcn4-ISH f e Tx5-ISH f -ISH Figure S1 Section in situ hyridistion nlysis of crescent stge mouse emryos (E7.5). () More nterior section
More informationExpression of Three Cell Cycle Inhibitors during Development of Adipose Tissue
Expression of Three Cell Cycle Inhiitors during Development of Adipose Tissue Jiin Zhng Deprtment of Animl Sciences Advisor: Michel E. Dvis Co-dvisor: Kichoon Lee Development of niml dipose tissue Hypertrophy
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi: 10.1038/nture07679 Emryonic Stem (ES) cell Hemngiolst Flk1 + Blst Colony 3 to 3.5 Dys 3-4 Dys ES differentition Sort of Flk1 + cells Supplementry Figure 1. Chrcteristion of lst colony development.
More informationCheck your understanding 3
1 Wht is the difference etween pssive trnsport nd ctive trnsport? Pssive trnsport is the movement of prticles not requiring energy. Movement of prticles in ctive trnsport uses energy. 2 A gs tp in the
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
TM TM tip link horizontl top connectors 1 leucine-rich (21 %) otoncorin-like 1809 ntigenic peptides B D signl peptide hydrophoic segment proline/threonine-rich (79 %) Supplementry Figure 1. () The outer
More informationInput from external experts and manufacturer on the 2 nd draft project plan Stool DNA testing for early detection of colorectal cancer
Input externl experts nd mnufcturer on the 2 nd drft project pln Stool DNA testing for erly detection of colorectl cncer (Project ID:OTJA10) All s nd uthor s replies on the 2nd drft project pln Stool DNA
More informationPNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended by the CDC for all your appropriate adult patients at increased risk for pneumococcal disease 1,2 :
PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended y the CDC for ll your pproprite dult ptients t incresed risk for pneumococcl disese 1,2 : Adults ged
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
. Norml Physiologicl Conditions. SIRT1 Loss-of-Function S1. Model for the role of SIRT1 in the regultion of memory nd plsticity. () Our findings suggest tht SIRT1 normlly functions in coopertion with YY1,
More informationSupplementary Figure 1
doi: 1.138/nture6188 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementry Figure 1 c CFU-F colonies per 1 5 stroml cells 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Mtrigel plug Neg. MCF7/Rs MDA-MB-231 * * MCF7/Rs-Lung MDA-MB-231-Lung MCF7/Rs-Kidney
More informationChapter 5: The peripheral nervous system Learning activity suggested answers
Chpter 5: The peripherl nervous system Lerning ctivity suggested nswers Lerning Activity 5.1 (p. 222) 1 Briefly descrie the two min functions of the somtic nervous system. Description should refer to:
More informationMeat and Food Safety. B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikeman, L.C. Hollis, R.A. Phebus, A.N. Ray, T.A. Houser, and J.P. Grobbel
Met nd Food Sfety Needle-Free Injection Enhncement of Beef Strip Loins with Phosphte nd Slt Hs Potentil to Improve Yield, Tenderness, nd Juiciness ut Hrm Texture nd Flvor B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikemn, L.C. Hollis,
More informationSignificance of Expression of TGF- in Pulmonary Metastasis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Tissues
Originl Article Significnce of Expression of in Pulmonry Metstsis in Non-smll Cell Lung Cncer Tissues Hisshi Sji, Hruhiko Nkmur, Idiris Awut, Norihito Kwski, Msru Hgiwr, Akihiko Ogt, Mkoto Hosk, Tkmoto
More informationDOI: 10.1038/nc2331 PCre;Ros26R 12 h induction 48 h induction Vegfr3 i EC c d ib4 24 h induction VEGFR3 e Fold chnge 1.0 0.5 P < 0.05 Vegfr3 i EC Vegfr3 Figure S1 Cre ctivtion leds to genetic deletion
More informationThallium-201 chloride scintigraphy in soft tissue tumors
136 ORIGINAL Thllium-201 chloride scintigrphy in soft tissue tumors Hideki Otsuk, Kori Terzw, Nomi Morit, Yoichi Otomi, Shoichiro Tko, Seiji Iwmoto, Kyosuke Oski, Msfumi Hrd, nd Hiromu Nishitni Deprtment
More informationEFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE
Swine Dy 22 Contents EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE B. J. Johnson, J. P. Kyser, J. D. Dunn, A. T. Wyln, S. S. Dritz 1, J.
More informationEffects of TRPM8 on the proliferation and angiogenesis of prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vivo
ONCOLOGY LETTERS 2: 1213-1217, 2011 Effects of TRPM8 on the prolifertion nd ngiogenesis of prostte cncer PC-3 cells in vivo GUANGBIN ZHU, XINGHUAN WANG, ZHONGHUA YANG, HONG CAO, ZHE MENG, YONGZHI WANG
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Prentl doi:.8/nture57 Figure S HPMECs LM Cells Cell lines VEGF (ng/ml) Prentl 7. +/-. LM 7. +/-.99 LM 7. +/-.99 Fold COX induction 5 VEGF: - + + + Bevcizum: - - 5 (µg/ml) Reltive MMP LM mock COX MMP LM+
More informationBioactive milk components to secure growth and gut development in preterm pigs ESTER ARÉVALO SUREDA PIGUTNET FA1401 STSM
Bioctive milk components to secure growth nd gut development in preterm pigs ESTER ARÉVALO SUREDA PIGUTNET FA1401 STSM STSM Pigutnet FA1401 STSM 03/Septemer 30/Novemer/2017 (3 months) Host: Home: Thoms
More informationSupplementary figure 1
Supplementry figure 1 Dy 8 post LCMV infection Vsculr Assoc. Prenchym Dy 3 post LCMV infection 1 5 6.7.29 1 4 1 3 1 2 88.9 4.16 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 5 1.59 5.97 1 4 1 3 1 2 21.4 71 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 5.59.22
More informationARTICLE. E. Pavlova 1, N. Atanassova 1, C. McKinnell 2, R.M. Sharpe 2 1 Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum,
DOI:.554/5YRTIMB..3 OPPOSITE MODELS OF EXPRESSION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR (AR) AND RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR-α (RAR-α) IN THE ONSET OF MALE GERM CELL DEVELOPMENT IN HORMONALLY MANIPULATED RATS E. Pvlov, N. Atnssov,
More informationStudy of Stress Distribution in the Tibia During Stance Phase Running Using the Finite Element Method
Ksetsrt J. (Nt. Sci.) 48 : 729-739 (2014) Study of Stress Distriution in the Tii During Stnce Phse Running Using the Finite Element Method Thepwchr Ruchirh 1, Tumrong Puttpitukporn 1, * nd Siriporn Ssimontonkul
More informationThe Dynamics of Varicella-Zoster Virus Epithelial Keratitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
Chpter 2 The Dynmics of Vricell-Zoster Virus Epithelil Kertitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthlmicus The morphology of n individul VZV lesion reflects sequence of events triggered y the virus impct on cornel epithelil
More informationCopy Number ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN. Copy Number MYCN DDX1 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2
Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer DIPG38 DIPG49 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN c DIPG01 d DIPG29 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN e STNG2 f MYCN DIPG01 Chr. 2 DIPG29 Chr. 1 MYCN DDX1 Chr. 2 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2 Supplementry
More informationEffects of physical exercise on working memory and prefrontal cortex function in post-stroke patients
Effects of physicl exercise on working memory nd prefrontl cortex function in post-stroke ptients M Moriy, C Aoki, K Sktni Grdute School of Helth Sciences Reserch, Mjor of Physicl Therpy, TeikyoHeisei
More informationMETHOD 4010 SCREENING FOR PENTACHLOROPHENOL BY IMMUNOASSAY
METHOD 4010 SCREENING FOR PENTACHLOROPHENOL BY IMMUNOASSAY 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 1.1 Method 4010 is procedure for screening solids such s soils, sludges, nd queous medi such s wste wter nd lechtes
More information27 June Bmnly L. WALTER ET AL.: RESPONSE OF CERVICAL CANCERS TO IRRADIATION
27 June 1964 Bmnly MEDICAL JOURNAL L. WALTER ET AL.: RESPONSE OF CERVICAL CANCERS TO IRRADIATION x 1,638.) FIG. 2.-Foci of sme tumour s in Fig. 1 contining vible tumour cells with scnty cytoplsm, reltively
More informationchapter 3. Squamous intraepithelial lesions: cytology histology correlation
chpter 3. Squmous intrepithelil lesions: cytology histology correltion CHAPTER 1 This chpter discusses the nturl history of cervicl precncer, HPV nd oncogenesis, cytology nomenclture, nd the cytologicl
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi: 1.138/nture862 humn hr. 21q MRPL39 murine Chr.16 Mrpl39 Dyrk1A Runx1 murine Chr. 17 ZNF295 Ets2 Znf295 murine Chr. 1 COL18A1 -/- lot: nti-dscr1 IgG hevy hin DSCR1 DSCR1 expression reltive to hevy
More informationCASE REPORT. Abstract. Introduction. Case Report
CASE REPORT Pulmonry Tumor Thromotic Microngiopthy Cused y Urothelil Crcinom Expressing Vsculr Endothelil Growth Fctor, Pltelet-derived Growth Fctor, nd Osteopontin Ysushi Wkyshi 1, Mi Iwy 2, Myo Akit
More informationReduced expression of cytokeratin 4 and 13 is a valuable marker for histologic grading of esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia
J Med Dent Sci 2012; 59: 17-28 Originl Article Reduced expression of cytokertin 4 nd 13 is vlule mrker for histologic grding of esophgel squmous intrepithelil neoplsi Mski Tkshim 1), Hiroshi Kwchi 1),
More informationThe β-globin nuclear compartment in development and erythroid differentiation
The β-gloin nucler comprtment in development nd erythroid differentition Roert-Jn Plstr 1,2, Bs Tolhuis 1,2, Erik Splinter 1, Rin Nijmeijer 1, Frnk Grosveld 1 & Wouter de Lt 1 Efficient trnscription of
More informationHormonal networks involved in phosphate deficiencyinduced cluster root formation of Lupinus albus L.
Institute of Crop Science (34h) Hormonl networks involved in phosphte deficiencyinduced cluster root formtion of Lupinus lus L. For PSP5 in Montpellier, 214 Zhengrui Wng, A.B.M. Moshiur Rhmn, Guoying Wng,
More informationOverview of the Immune System in Transplantation
Helthline VOLUME 9 Corm * Continuing Eduction Progrm Overview of the Immune System in Trnsplnttion The immune system is complex, interctive nd essentil for survivl. In trnsplnt, however, some of the ody
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 1.138/ncb956 Norml CIS Invsive crcinom 4 months months b Bldder #1 Bldder # Bldder #3 6 months (Invsive crcinom) Supplementry Figure 1 Mouse model of bldder cncer. () Schemtic
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMEARY IFORMAIO doi:./nture correction to Supplementry Informtion Adenom-linked rrier defects nd microil products drive IL-/IL-7-medited tumour growth Sergei I. Grivennikov, Kepeng Wng, Dniel Mucid,
More informationIMPACT OF STROMAL CELL COMPONENTS OF TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT ON EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN BREAST CANCER CELLS
72 Experimentl Oncology 36, 72 78, 214 (June) Exp Oncol 214 36, 2, 72 78 IMPACT OF STROMAL CELL COMPONENTS OF TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT ON EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION IN BREAST CANCER CELLS N. Bezdenezhnykh
More informationPDGF-BB secreted by preosteoclasts induces angiogenesis during coupling with osteogenesis
Supplementry Informtion PDGF-BB secreted y preosteoclsts induces ngiogenesis during coupling with osteogenesis Hui Xie, Zhung Cui, Long Wng, Zhuying Xi, Yin Hu, Lingling Xin, Chngjun Li, Ling Xie, Jnet
More informationThe histological diversity of adenoid cystic carcinoma demonstrated by double immunohistochemistry for p16 and p63 gene products
Orl Med Pthol 16 (2011) 9 The histologicl diversity of denoid cystic crcinom demonstrted y doule immunohistochemistry for p16 nd p63 gene products Mkoto Tnk, Mshiro Wto, Akio Tnk Deprtment of Orl Pthology,
More informationEffect of supplemental fat from dried distillers grains with solubles or corn oil on cow performance, IGF-1, GH, and NEFA concentrations 1
Effect of supplementl ft from dried distillers grins with solules or corn oil on cow performnce, IGF-1, GH, nd NEFA concentrtions 1 Aigil Brtosh 2, Cody Wright 3, Aimee Wertz-Lutz 4, nd George Perry 5
More informationCalcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor (CNSET) of the liver
Cse report (CNSET) of the liver Victor Inole 1, Loredn Betrice Ungurenu *,1, Eugeni Moroșn 1, Cristin Dumitru Lupșcu 1,2 1 Grigore T. Pop University of Medicine nd Phrmcy, Isi, Romni; 2 Deprtment of Surgery,
More informationParticle-size distribution of very low density plasma lipoproteins during fat absorption in man
Prticle-size distriution of very low density plsm lipoproteins during ft sorption in mn EDWIN L. BIERMAN, THOMAS L. HAYES, JAMES N. HAWKINS, ALICIA M. EWING, nd FRANK T. LINDGREN Deprtment of Medicine,
More informationA case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma showing rapid progression of peritoneal dissemination after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Shinozki et l. BMC Cncer (2018) 18:620 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4549-5 CASE REPORT A cse of pulmonry denocrcinom showing rpid progression of peritonel dissemintion fter immune checkpoint inhiitor
More informationHidenori Takahashi, *,1 Satoru Ebihara, 1 Tatsuma Okazaki, 1 Masanori Asada, 1 Hidetada Sasaki & 1 Mutsuo Yamaya. Introduction. Sendai , Japan
British Journl of Phrmcology (5) 16, 333 33 & 5 Nture Pulishing Group All rights reserved 7 1188/5 $3. www.nture.com/jp A comprison of the effects of unfrctionted heprin, dlteprin nd dnproid on vsculr
More informationNot for Citation or Publication Without Consent of the Author
Not for Cittion or Puliction Without Consent of the Author AN AUTOMATED SEX PHEROMONE TRAP FOR MONITORING ADULT CM AND OFM AND THE INFLUENCE OF TRAP COLOR ON MOTH AND NON-TARGET CAPTURES Brin L. Lehmn
More informationSeeding Metastasis of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma after Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy
pissn 2384-1095 eissn 2384-1109 imri 2017;21:119-124 https://doi.org/10.13104/imri.2017.21.2.119 Seeding Metstsis of Chromophoe Renl Cell Crcinom fter Root-Assisted Lproscopic Prtil Nephrectomy Knghun
More informationGene expression phenotypic models that predict the activity of oncogenic pathways
3 Nture Pulishing Group http://www.nture.com/nturegenetics Gene expression phenotypic models tht predict the ctivity of oncogenic pthwys Erich Hung,, Seiichi Ishid,7, Jennifer Pittmn,3, Holly Dressmn,,4,
More informationSupplementary Materials. Viral delivery of mir-196a ameliorates the SBMA phenotype via the silencing of CELF2
Supplementry Mterils Virl delivery of mir-96 meliortes the SBMA phenotype vi the silencing of CELF2 Yu Miyzki, Hiroki Adchi, Mshis Ktsuno, Mkoto Minmiym, Yue-Mei Jing, Zhe Hung, Hideki Doi, Shinjiro Mtsumoto,
More informationC De Bruyn, A Delforge, L Lagneaux and D Bron. Summary:
() 25, 377 383 Mcmilln Pulishers Ltd All rights reserved 268 3369/ $15. www.nture.com/mt Chrcteriztion of CD34 susets derived from one mrrow, umilicl cord lood nd moilized peripherl lood fter stem cell
More informationAdipocyte in vascular wall can induce the rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Adipocyte in vsculr wll cn induce the rupture of dominl ortic neurysm Hiron Kugo 1 *, Nouhiro Zim 1 *, Hiroki Tnk 2 *, Youhei Mouri 1, Kenichi Yngimoto 3, Kohsuke Hymizu 3,4, Keisuke Hshimoto 1, Tkeshi
More informationIrs-2 coordinates Igf-1 receptor-mediated β-cell development and peripheral insulin signalling
Irs-2 coordintes Igf-1 receptor-medited β-cell development nd peripherl insulin signlling Dominic J. Withers 1,2 *, Deorh J. Burks 1 *, Hether H. Towery 1, Shri L. Altmuro 1, Crrie L. Flint 1 & Morris
More informationHeparanase promotes tumor infiltration and antitumor activity of CAR-redirected T- lymphocytes
Supporting Online Mteril for Heprnse promotes tumor infiltrtion nd ntitumor ctivity of -redirected T- lymphocytes IgnzioCrun, Brr Svoldo, VlentinHoyos, Gerrit Weer, Ho Liu, Eugene S. Kim, Michel M. Ittmnn,
More informationEffect of Aqueous Extract of Carica papaya Dry Root Powder on Lactation of Albino Rats
Effect of Aqueous Extrct of Cric ppy Dry Root Powder on Lcttion of Alino Rts G. Tosswnchuntr nd S. Aritjt Deprtment of Biology Fculty of Science Ching Mi University Ching Mi 50200 Thilnd Keywords: mmmry
More informationClinical manifestations in patients with alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric cancer
Curr Oncol, Vol. 21, pp. e394-399; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1768 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN AFP PRODUCING GASTRIC CANCER ORIGINAL ARTICLE Clinicl mnifesttions in ptients with lph-fetoprotein
More informationEsophageal carcinoma is the eighth most common cancer
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tumor-Strom Rtio Is n Independent Predictor for Survivl in Esophgel Squmous Cell Crcinom Ki Wng, MD,* Wei M, MD,* Jinbo Wng, MD,* Ling Yu, MD, Xiomei Zhng, MD, Zhenbo Wng, MD, Bingxu Tn,
More informationUsing Paclobutrazol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phalaenopsis Orchids
Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phlenopsis Orchids A REPORT SUBMITTED TO FINE AMERICAS Linsey Newton nd Erik Runkle Deprtment of Horticulture Spring 28 Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress
More informationVascular Gene Transfer of SDF-1 Promotes Endothelial Progenitor Cell Engraftment and Enhances Angiogenesis in Ischemic Muscle
The Americn Society of Gene & Cell Therpy originl rticle Vsculr Gene Trnsfer of SDF-1 Promotes Endothelil Progenitor Cell Engrftment nd Enhnces Angiogenesis in Ischemic Muscle Michel A Kuliszewski 1, Jeremy
More informationCHEST. Thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is an important. Original Research
CHEST Originl Reserch Clinicl Significnce of Thyroid Trnscription Fctor-1 in Advnced Lung Adenocrcinom Under Epiderml Growth Fctor Receptor Tyrosine Kinse Inhibitor Tretment Kuei-Pin Chung, MD; Yen-Tsung
More informationInvasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report July September 2018
Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July Septemer Introduction Since 17 Octoer 2008, invsive pneumococcl disese (IPD) hs een notifile to the locl Medicl Officer of Helth under the Helth Act 1956.
More informationPreliminary and Short Report
TEE JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DREMATOLOOT Copyright 1967 by The Willims & Wilkins Co. Vol. 48 No. 3 Printed in U.S.A. Preliminry nd Short Report PARTICLES IN THE CISTERNAE OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM OF
More informationTHE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS
THE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS THE EVALUATION OF DEHULLED CANOLA MEAL IN THE DIETS OF GROWING AND FINISHING PIGS John F. Ptience nd Doug Gillis SUMMARY
More informationThe dynamics of diagnosis of salivary gland tumours: histopathology matters
Interntionl Journl of Reserch in Medicl Sciences Venugopl M et l. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016 Jun;4(6):1855-1861 www.msjonline.org pissn 2320-6071 eissn 2320-6012 Reserch Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161442
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Scheme of unilateral pyramidotomy used for detecting compensatory sprouting of intact CST axons.
() BDA 2 weeks fter Py () AAVs Cre or GFP t P1 BDA 2 weeks fter Py CSMN CST () Py t P7 or 2 months () Py t 2 months Supplementry Figure 1. Sheme of unilterl pyrmidotomy used for deteting ompenstory sprouting
More informationEffect of fungicide timing and wheat varietal resistance on Mycosphaerella graminicola and its sterol 14 α-demethylation-inhibitorresistant
Effect of fungicide timing nd whet vrietl resistnce on Mycospherell grminicol nd its sterol 14 α-demethyltion-inhiitorresistnt genotypes Didierlurent L., Roisin-Fichter C., Snssené J., Selim S. Pltform
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:1.138/nture1228 Totl Cell Numer (cells/μl of lood) 12 1 8 6 4 2 d Peripherl Blood 2 4 7 Time (d) fter nti-cd3 i.p. + TCRβ + IL17A + cells (%) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Totl Cell Numer (x1 3 ) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 %
More informationHuman MutL homolog 1 immunoexpression in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective study in Indian population
Originl Article Humn MutL homolog 1 immunoexpression in orl leukoplki nd orl squmous cell crcinom: A prospective study in Indin popultion Nrendr T Chudhri, Jgdish V Tupkri, Tit Joy, Mnish S Ahire Deprtment
More informationOriginal Article Prognostic and clinicopathologic significance of AEG-1/MTDH and E-cadherin expression in human gallbladder carcinoma
Int J Clin Exp Pthol 2018;11(12):6025-6031 www.ijcep.com /ISSN:1936-2625/IJCEP0086349 Originl Article Prognostic nd clinicopthologic significnce of AEG-1/MTDH nd E-cdherin expression in humn gllbldder
More informationSignificance of Silver Binding Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Originl Article DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2016/147 Significnce of Silver Binding Nucleolr Orgnizer Regions in Orl Squmous Cell Crcinoms Ritu Shrm 1, Gurv Kumr 2 1 Assistnt Professor, Deprtment of Pthology, Hind
More informationTLR7 induces anergy in human CD4 + T cells
TLR7 induces nergy in humn CD T cells Mrgrit Dominguez-Villr 1, Anne-Sophie Gutron 1, Mrine de Mrcken 1, Mrl J Keller & Dvid A Hfler 1 The recognition of microil ptterns y Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is
More informationEffect of environmental stress on biochemical and physiological features in cultured fish
Effect of environmentl stress on biochemicl nd physiologicl fetures in cultured fish Toshiki Nkno, Toshiysu Ymguchi, nd Yoshihiro Ochii Grd. Sch. Agric. Sci., Tohoku Univ., Sendi, Jpn Fmous Smuri Mr. Msmune
More informationHistone H2AX is integral to hypoxia-driven neovascularization
Histone H2AX is integrl to hypoxi-driven neovsculriztion Mtin Economopoulou 1,5, Hrld F Lnger 1,5, Arkdy Celeste 1, Vleri V Orlov 1, Eun Young Choi 1, Mingcho M 2, Athnssios Vssilopoulos 3, Els Cllen 1,
More informationAcute and gradual increases in BDNF concentration elicit distinct signaling and functions in neurons
nd grdul increses in BDNF concentrtion elicit distinct signling nd functions in neurons Yunyun Ji,, Yun Lu, Feng Yng, Wnhu Shen, Tin Tze-Tsng Tng,, Linyin Feng, Shumin Dun, nd Bi Lu,.. - Grdul (normlized
More informationWSU Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Wenatchee (509) ext. 265;
FINAL REPORT WTFRC Project # AH-1-5 WSU Project # 13C-355-3 Project title: PI: Orgniztion: Coopertors: of Sunburn in Apples with RAYNOX Lrry Schrder, Horticulturist WSU Tree Fruit Reserch nd Extension
More informationSYNOPSIS Final Abbreviated Clinical Study Report for Study CA ABBREVIATED REPORT
Finl Arevited Clinicl Study Report Nme of Sponsor/Compny: Bristol-Myers Squi Ipilimum Individul Study Tle Referring to the Dossier (For Ntionl Authority Use Only) Nme of Finished Product: Yervoy Nme of
More informationIGF-I and IGFBP-3 augment transforming growth factor-b actions in human renal carcinoma cells
originl rticle http://www.kidney-interntionl.org & Interntionl Society of Nephrology IGF-I nd IGFBP-3 ugment trnsforming growth fctor-b ctions in humn renl crcinom cells AH Rosendhl 1, nd G Forsberg 1
More informationTrajectory of Contact Region On the Fingerpad Gives the Illusion of Haptic Shape
Trjectory of Contct Region On the Fingerpd Gives the Illusion of Hptic Shpe Hnif Dostmohmed nd Vincent Hywrd Astrct When one explores solid oject with fingertip, contct region is usully defined. When the
More informationPhosphorylated p70s6k in noninvasive low grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: correlation with tumor recurrence
(2014) 16, 611 617 2014 AJA, SIMM & SJTU. All rights reserved 1008-682X www.sindro.com; www.jndrology.com Mle Helth Open Access ORIGINAL ARTICLE Phosphorylted p70s6k in noninvsive low grde urothelil crcinom
More informationFactor XIII Deficiency (Fibrin Stabilizing Factor Deficiency)
Helthline VOLUME 18 Corm s Continuing Eduction Progrm Fctor XIII Deficiency (Firin Stilizing Fctor Deficiency) Fctor XIII (FXIII) is protein mde y the ody tht stilizes the formtion of lood clot. When FXIII
More informationIntroduction to Study Designs II
Introdution to Study Designs II Commonly used study designs in publi helth & epidemiologi reserh Benjmin Rihrd H. Muthmbi, DrPH, MPH Stte HIV Epidemiologist HIV Epidemiology Investigtion Setion PA Deprtment
More informationBackground Pears (Pyrus L.) are one of the leading cultivated fruit trees in China following apples and oranges in planting area and fruit yield.
Nnjing Agriculturl University Potssium enhnces the sugr ssimiltion in leves nd fruit y regulting the expression of key genes involved in sugr metolism of Asin pers Cixi Dong, Chngwei Shen, Yngchun Xu College
More informationCheckMate 153: Randomized Results of Continuous vs 1-Year Fixed-Duration Nivolumab in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
CheckMte 53: Rndomized Results of Continuous vs -Yer Fixed-Durtion Nivolumb in Ptients With Advnced Non-Smll Cell Lung Cncer Abstrct 297O Spigel DR, McCleod M, Hussein MA, Wterhouse DM, Einhorn L, Horn
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
ORIGINAL ARTICLE LOSS OF EPCAM STAINING CORRELATES WITH POOR OUTCOME IN CRC, Wng et l. Reduction in membrnous immunohistochemicl stining for the intrcellulr domin of epithelil cell dhesion molecule correltes
More informationPolarization of tumor-associated macrophage is associated with tumor vascular normalization by endostatin
Thorcic Cncer ISSN 1759-7706 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Polriztion of tumor-ssocited mcrophge is ssocited with tumor vsculr normliztion y endosttin Qin Peng 1 *, Mei Li 1 *, Zi Wng 1, Ming Jing 1,XiYn 1, Song Lei
More informationThe activating receptor NKp46 is essential for the development of type 1 diabetes
A r t i c l e s The ctivting receptor NKp46 is essentil for the development of type 1 dietes Chmutl Gur 1,2, Angel Porgdor 3,6, Morn Eloim 1, Roi Gzit 1, Sr Mizrhi 1, Nom Stern-Ginossr 1, Hgit Achdout
More informationIdentical twins with borderline lepromatous leprosy mimicking extensive alopecia areata: A rare presentation
Lepr Rev (2018) 89, 301 305 CASE REPORT Identicl twins with orderline lepromtous leprosy mimicking extensive lopeci ret: A rre presenttion RUBINA JASSI*, KRISHNA DEB BURMAN**, BHAVYA SWARNKAR** & RADHIKA
More informationImpact of Positive Nodal Metastases in Patients with Thymic Carcinoma and Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Originl Article Impct of Positive Nodl Metstses in Ptients with Thymic Crcinom nd Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors Benny Weksler, MD, Anthony Holden, MD, nd Jennifer L. Sullivn, MD Introduction: Thymic crcinoms
More informationSupplementary Figure 1
Supplementry Figure 1 c d Wistr SHR Wistr AF-353 SHR AF-353 n = 6 n = 6 n = 28 n = 3 n = 12 n = 12 Supplementry Figure 1 Neurophysiologicl properties of petrosl chemoreceptive neurones in Wistr nd SH rts.
More informationChapter 02 Crime-Scene Investigation and Evidence Collection
Nme: Clss: Dte: Chpter 02 Crime-Scene Investigtion nd Evidence Collection 1. The terms grid, liner, qudrnt, zone, nd spirl re typiclly used to descrie dtum points... Flse Flse 2. An evidence log nd chin
More informationEffects of Sini San used alone and in combination with fluoxetine on central and peripheral 5-HT levels in a rat model of depression
Online Sumissions:http://www.journltcm.com J Trdit Chin Med 2013 Octoer 15; 33(5): 674-681 info@journltcm.com ISSN 0255-2922 2013 JTCM. All rights reserved. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TOPIC Effects of Sini Sn
More informationBENIGN ulceration along the greater curvature of the pars media of the
BENIGN ULCERS OF THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH Report of Two Cses CHARLES H. BROWN, M.D. Deprtment of Gstroenterology nd ANTHONY D. INTRIERE, M.D.* BENIGN ulcertion long the greter curvture of the
More informationDiabetes mellitus secondary to pancreatic diseases (type 3c): The effect of smoking on the exocrine endocrine interactions of the pancreas
764062DVR0010.1177/1479164118764062Dibetes & Vsculr Disese ReserchŚliwińsk-Mossoń et l. reserch-rticle2018 Originl Article Dibetes mellitus secondry to pncretic diseses (type 3c): The effect of smoking
More informationSkull fracture vs. accessory sutures: how can we tell the difference?
Emerg Rdiol (2010) 17:413 418 DOI 10.1007/s10140-010-0877-8 PICTORIAL ESSAY Skull frcture vs. ccessory sutures: how cn we tell the difference? Thoms Snchez & Deorh Stewrt & Mtthew Wlvick & Leonrd Swischuk
More informationA rt i c l e s. a Events (% of max)
Continuous requirement for the TCR in regultory T cell function Andrew G Levine 1,, Aron Arvey 1,,4, Wei Jin 1,,4 & Alexnder Y Rudensky 1 3 14 Nture Americ, Inc. All rights reserved. Foxp3 + regultory
More informationAgilent G6825AA MassHunter Pathways to PCDL Software Quick Start Guide
Agilent G6825AA MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL Softwre Quick Strt Guide Wht is Agilent Pthwys to PCDL? Fetures of Pthwys to PCDL Agilent MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL converter is stnd-lone softwre designed to fcilitte
More informationGeneral and Comparative Endocrinology
Generl nd Comprtive Endocrinology 172 (2011) 107 114 Contents lists ville t ScienceDirect Generl nd Comprtive Endocrinology journl homepge: www.elsevier.com/locte/ygcen Insulin nd IGF-I effects on the
More informationPrime Enrollees Consumer Watch NHC Patuxent River FY 2016 Defense Health Cost Assessment & Program Evaluation
Prime Enrollees Consumer Wtch NHC Ptuxent River 16 Defense Helth Cost Assessment & Progrm Evlution NHC Ptuxent River: Smple size-1,457 Response rte-1.2% Source: Helth Cre Survey of DoD Beneficiries Inside
More informationrticle Fig. 1. Lung tumor iossys using heterozygous -deficient mice., Experimentl design.,d, Lung tumor multiplicity in urethne- nd MNU-treted mice, r
Wildtype cn inhiit lung crcinogenesis in mice rticle Zhongqiu Zhng 1, Yin Wng 2, Hris G. Vikis 3, Leis Johnson 4, Gongjie Liu 1, Jie Li 1, Mrshll W. Anderson 5, Roert C. Sills 6, H.L. Hong 6, Theodor R.
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:0.08/nture0987 SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURE Structure of rbbit Xist gene. Exons re shown in boxes with romn numbers, introns in thin lines. Arrows indicte the locliztion of primers used for mplifiction. WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE
More informationSignificance of fetal hemoglobin-containing erythroblasts (F blasts) and the F blast/f cell ratio in myelodysplastic syndromes
(2002) 16, 1478 1483 2002 Nture Publishing Group All rights reserved 0887-6924/02 $25.00 www.nture.com/leu Significnce of fetl hemoglobin-contining erythroblsts (F blsts) nd the F blst/f cell rtio in myelodysplstic
More informationAssociation of PTEN expression with liver function and inflammatory changes in patients with liver cancer after chemotherapy
ONCOLOGY LETTERS Assocition of PTEN expression with liver function nd inflmmtory chnges in ptients with liver cncer fter chemotherpy JIXIANG ZHOU nd XIAOLI LI Deprtment of Heptobiliry Surgery, Xingy Hospitl,
More information