NORMAL ANATOMY OF THE PENIS

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1 NORMAL ANATOMY OF THE PENIS IOANNIS VARKARAKIS ASOSCIATE PROFESSOR OF UROLOGY 2 ND DEPT OF UROLOGY NATIONAL & KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

2 PENILE GROSS ANATOMY 3 ERECTILE COLUMNS TWO CORPORA CAVERNOSA (erection) ONE CORPUS SPONGIOSUM (urethra-glans)

3 The Penis is fixed to the perineum within the superficial pouch. Divided Root of the penis (fixed) Body + glans (free)

4 FREE FIXED Pubic rim Urogenital diaphragm FIXED PART OF THE PENIS Corpora Cavernosa Pubic rim Corpus Spongiosum Urogenital diaphragm

5 Ischiocavernous muscle Perineal Diaphragm Perineal tendine Fundiform ligament Suspensory lig ADDITIONAL SUPPORT Ischiocavernous muscle (corpora cavernosum) Bulbospongiosum muscle (corpus spongiosum) Fundiform ligament Suspensory ligament

6 Fundiform ligament Suspensory ligament of the penis Collagen fibers from the rectus sheath blend and surround the Bucks fascia forming the fundiform ligament of the penis Deeper fibers form the suspensory ligament.

7 Corpora Cavernosa join beneath the pubis to form the body of the penis alongside the corpus spongiosum. The corpus spongiosum runs ventrally to the Corpora Cavernosa and distally expands to cap them as the Glans Penis The spongiosum is transversed by the urethra.

8 GLANS URETHRA CORONA: separates the base of the glans from the penile shaft

9 The corpora cavernosa after joining run alongside separated by a fibrous septum which is pectiform distally so the vascular spaces communicate freely. The corpora cavernosa are enclosed by a collagenous tunica TUNICA ALBUGINEA

10 Smooth muscle bundles traverse the erectile bodies to form endothelial lined cavernous sinuses giving a honey comb appearance.

11 BUCKS fascia surrounds both Cavernosal bodies dorsally and split ventrally to surround the spongiosum In the perineum Bucks fascia fuses with the tunica albuginea deep to the muscles of the erectile bodies. Distally it fuses with the base of the glans at the corona.

12 SKIN Elastic, without hair, fat or glandular elements. Only smegma producing glands at the corona. Mobile due to loose attachment of its dartos backing to the Bucks fascia Distally folds over the glans as the foreskin and attaches firmly below the corona. Vascular supply from external pudendal branches of the femoral vessels.

13 ARTERIAL SUPPLY TO THE PENIS INTERNAL ILIAC INTERNAL PUDENDAL COMMON PENILE A. 1. BULBOURETHRAL A. 2. CAVERNOSAL A. 3. DORSAL A. OF THE PENIS

14 Bulbourethral sponguiosum urethra glans Cavernosal arteries Corpora cavernosa Straight & helical branches cavernous sinuses Dorsal arteries of the penis cavernous & circumferential branches Glans-engorgement

15 VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE PENIS VENOUS BRANCHES AT THE GLANS SPONGIOSUM BRANCHES CIRCUMFLEX VEINS (distal 2/3) (spongiosum) DEEP DORSAL VEIN PREPROSTATIC PLEXOUS

16 CAVERNOUS SINUSES INTERMEDIARY VENULES SUBTUNICAL CAPILLARY PLEXUS EMISSARY VEINS PREPROSTATIC PLEXUS & INTERNAL PUDENDAL join CIRCUMFLEX VEINS Distal DL of CB CAVERNOUS VEINS Proximal DM of CB DEEP DORSAL VEIN

17 SUPERFICIAL DORSAL VEIN (skin, glans)

18 DORSAL nerves NERVE SUPPLY Branches pierce in the corporal bodies to ramify in the erectile tissue providing autonomous innervation from the PELVIC plexus Branches from the PERINEAL nerve Ventrum of the penis until the glans distally

19 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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