Observation on the structure of alimentary canal of Choroedocus violaceipes

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1 * ** Choroedocus violaceipes Miller V V 6 Y 20% Observation on the structure of alimentary canal of Choroedocus violaceipes CUI Zhi-Fang WANG Qiang WANG Yun-Li SHEN Xu-Yan ZHANG Xiao-Min ** School of Life ScienceShanxi UniversityTaiyuan China Abstract The inner and outer walls of the alimentary canal of Choroedocus violaceipes Miller were observed with a scanner. Morphological features of the alimentary canal are as follows the esophagus is straight and has several rows of longitudinal ridges the crop is composed of V-shaped bendsv-shaped ridgeslanceolate ridgesfan-shaped ridges and irregular ridges the cup-shaped proventriculus has several rows of longitudinal ridges the cardia are surrounded by 6 Y- shaped structures that protrude from the gut wall the midgut is membranous and comprises 20% of the length of the alimentary canal the pylorus is surrounded by 12 pyloric valves the ileum is membranous and surrounded by 6 rows of longitudinal ridges the colon is thinner than the ileum and also formed of 6 rows of longitudinal ridges the rectum is formed from 6 rows of longitudinal ridges that extended from the ileum and colon. The main feature of the rectum is that there are 6 rectal pads between the longitudinal ridges. The length and the function of each part of alimentary canal are discussed. This study not only presents a simple method for investigating the insect alimentary canal but also provides a basis for research on grasshopper physiology and locust control. Key words Choroedocus violaceipesalimentary canalmorphology Tietz 1923 Albrecht 1953 Dissosteria carolina Hodge Riedel lubber grasshoppers Muralirangan 1955 Ananthakrishan 1974 * ** zhangxm@ sxu. edu. cn

2 esophagus Es 5 mm mm Ⅰ Choroedocus violaceipes Miller Ⅰ a 2007b ~ 10 Ⅰ crop Cr Ⅰ 1 12 mm 8 mm 10 small Choroedocus violaceipes Miller bulge Sb 2 ~ 4 mm Miller 1934 big bulge Bb ~ 8 mm 1979 S abdominal grooveag dorsal hump Dh Ⅰ 2 5 Ⅰ 6 V V-shape belt V 4 V V-shape ridges Vr V 1 lance ridges Lr fan-shape ridges Fr irregular ridges Ir Ⅰ 3 V 5 V XTL II 0. 2 mol / L 3 proventriculus Pr 6 Ⅰ 1 ~ 0. 2 mol / L 3 6 mm 4 EPSON Perfection1200PHOTO 4 gastric caecum Gc 2 Ⅰ 1 4 Ⅰ 4 Ⅰ mm mm Ⅰ mm mm 5 cardia Ca

3 Y stomodaeal valve Sv Ⅰ 3 6 Ⅱ 1 4 Y mm 8 mm mm 1 11 anal region 1. 5 mm mm 1 mm midgut Mg musculus sphincter ani Ma Ⅰ Ⅰ mm pylorus Py Malpighion tubulemat Ⅰ pyloric valve Pv Ⅰ 3 6 Ⅱ mm 0. 4 mm 0. 5 mm mm 8 ileum Il Ⅰ 3 6 Ⅱ 1 4 Ⅰ Ⅰ 3 Ⅱ 2 5 Ⅱ Ⅰ mm 4 rectal pad Rp Ⅱ 3 6 attachment ring Ar 2 mm 1. 5 mm 2007a2007b colon Co 8. 3% 7. 4% 1 10% Ⅰ 4 Ⅰ Ⅰ 20% 4 V V mm 4 mm 10 rectum Re 3 10% 1 Ⅰ 2 5 rectal curve Rc Ⅰ % 1 Ⅰ 2 5 6

4 Table 1 1 The length of each part of the Choroedocus violaceipes s alimentary canal Female Male Length Mean mm Percentage of total Percentage of total Length Mean mm digestive tract digestive tract Esophagus % % Crop % % Proventriculus 6 10% % Cardia % % Midgut % % Pylorus % % Ileum 6 10% % Colon 6 10% % Rectum % % Anal region % % Total length % % Gastric caecum Total length % % 6 Y 9 10% 5 20% a % ~ 15% % ~ 4% 27% 2007a 10 1 References 7 1 Albrecht FO1953. The Anatomy of the Migratory Locust. The Athlone Press University of London % 1. 2% Hodge C1936. The anatomy and histology of the alimentary 12 tract of the grasshoppermelanoplus differentialis Thomas. J. Morph % 1 Biol. Bull Hodge C Some effects of diet on the gastric epithelial cells of the grasshoppermelanoplus differentialis Thomas.

5 4 881 Hodge C The anatomy and histology of the alimentary tract of Locusta migratoria L. J. Morph Hodge C The anatomy and histology of the alimentary tract of Radinotatum carinatum var. peninsular Rehn and Hebard Orthoptera Acrididae. J. Morph Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen. 2007a Miller NCE1934. Notes on Malayan Acrididae and descriptions of some new genera and species. J. Fed. Malay States Mus Muralirangan MCAnantakrishnan TN1974. Taxonomical significance of the foregut armature in some Indian Acridoidea Orthoptera. Oriental Insects Riedel FA Connective tissue pattern in the ventriculus of certain lubber grasshoppers Orthopteraacridiidae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America Tietz HM1923. The anatomy of the digestive system of the Carolina locust D. carolina L.. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer b

6 Ⅰ Plate Ⅰ Scanning image of Choroedocus violaceipes s alimentary canal 1. Scanning image of alimentary canal Ag abdominal groove Ar anal region Cr crop Es esophagus Gc gastric caecum Pr proventriculus Rc rectal curve Re rectum Sb small bulge 2. Outer walls of alimentary canal Mg midgutmat Malpighian tubule Tr trachea 3. The inner walls of alimentary canal Ca cardia Co colon Fr fan-shape ridges Il ileum Ir irregular ridges Lr lance ridges Ma musculus sphincter ani Py pylorus Vb V V-shape belt Vr V V-shape ridges 4. Scanning image of alimentary canal Dh dorsal hump 5. Outer walls of alimentary canal 6. The inner walls of alimentary canal 2 Bar = 3 mm