Index. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acetabular fractures, Achilles tendon rupture, 389 Acromioclavicular dislocations, 302 Acromion fractures, 301 Ankle, anatomy of, and foot, pain in, emergency department evaluation and management of, fractures of, 382 bimalleolar and trimalleolar, 384, 385 treatment of, unimalleolar, injuries of, 376 history of, physical examination of, radiographic imaging of, 380 sprains of, Anterior cruciate ligament, history of, 348 physical examination in, Athlete(s), injured, evaluation of, 275 technique for moving, 275 Atlanto-occipital dislocation, , 257 Atlantoaxial ligamentous injuries, , 259 Atlas, fractures of, , 258 Avascular necrosis, 334 Avulsion fractures, B Back pain, acetaminophen in, 318 acute, evaluation and treatment of, in emergency department, computed tomograhy in, 317 differential diagnosis of, imaging and laboratory tests in, in history of cancer, 323 in spinal infection, 321 low. See Low back pain. MRI in, 317 nonpharmacologic treatment in, nonspecific, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in, 318 pharmacologic treatment in, 318 Emerg Med Clin N Am 33 (2015) /15/$ see front matter ª 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. emed.theclinics.com

2 476 Back (continued ) pharmacologic treatment options in, plain radiographs in, 317 Bankart lesion, 303 Bennett fracture, Boutonniere deformity, 406, 407 Brown-Séquard syndrome, 270 Bucket handle fracture, Malgaigne fracture and, Buckle (Torus) fractures, in children, 434 C Calcaneal fractures, Capital femoral epiphysis, slipped, in children, Capitate fractures, 292 Carpal dislocations, treatment of, 295 Carpal fractures (excluding scaphoid), Cervical compression injuries, 265, 268 Cervical hyperextension injuries, , 267 Cervical hyperflexion injuries, , 264, 265, 266 Cervical rotational injuries, , 267 Cervical spine, anatomy of, Canadian C-spine Rule and, 251, 252 computed tomography of, imaging of, clinical decision-making tools for, , 251 lower, clinical instability of, diagnosis of, 256 MRI of, 253 musculature of, 274 National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study of, plain radiography of, 252 trauma classification of, 255 upper, injuries of, Cervical spine injuries, airway management in, , 249, 250 emergency department evaluation and treatment of, immobilization in, 247 shock and, sports-related, on-field assessment of, 275 symptomatic, management of, 277 types of, 276 subaxial, types of, without radiographic abnormality, 253 Child abuse, diagnosis of, 443 physical examination in, 444 radiography in, Clavicle fractures, 300 in children, 426

3 477 Coccyx fractures, 468 Collateral ligament injuries, history of, 350 physical examination in, 350 Coronoid process, fractures of, Cuboid fractures, 371 D Dens, fractures of, Dermatomes, sensory, 246, 247 E Elbow, anatomy of, 410 and forearm, injuries of, background of, 409 evaluation and treatment of, in emergency department, fractures of, in children, 432 imaging of, immature, anatomy of, injuries of, epidemiology of, 410 in children, 429 ossification centers of, 431 simple dislocations of, Epidural compression syndrome, treatment options in, Essex-Lopresti injuries, 418 F Flexor tendon injuries, 406 Foot, anatomy of, and ankle, pain in, emergency department evaluation and management of, history of, 365 physical examination of, radiographic imaging of, 367 Forearm, anatomy of, and elbow, injuries of, background of, 409 evaluation and treatment of, in emergency department, fractures of, in children, 432, 433 imaging of, 412 Forefoot, injuries of, G Galeazzi fracture-dislocations, Glenoid fractures, Greenstick fractures, in children,

4 478 H Hamate fractures, 292 Hand, anatomy of, digital metacarpals of, 398 dislocations in, 404 fractures of, epidemiology of, general treament of, 401 metacarpal, injuries of, emergency evaluation and treatment of, examination of, 399 imaging of, ligament injuries in, soft tissue structures of, tendon injuries in, Hangman s fracture, Herniated disc, low back pain in, treatment options in, Hill-Sachs deformity, 303 Hindfoot, injuries of, Hip, dislocation of, uncomplicated, treatment of, Hip pain, and thigh pain, acute, differential diagnosis of, 328 due to trauma, epidemiology and mechanism of, 328 femoral head fractures and, 329 femoral neck fractures and, , 331 femoral shaft fractures and, 331 femur fracture and, 329 imaging in, 329 intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures and, 330 relevant anatomy and, 328 stress fractures amd, 332 trochanteric fractures and, emergency department evaluation and treatment of, tourniquets in, 335 in musculotendinous injuries, peripheral nerve blockade in, in children, Humerus, and shoulder, emergency department evaluation and treatment of, distal, fracture of, 414 injuries of, in children, 427 Hummerus, proximal, fractures of, I Iliac wing fracture (Duverney fracture), 467 Impingement syndrome, of rotator cuff, 306 Ischial body fractures, 468 J Jefferson fracture, 257, 258

5 479 K Knee, anatomy and function of, dislocation of, history and injury mechanism of, 358 imaging in, 358 management in, physical examination in, 358 ligaments of, 346 neuromuscular structures of, 346 osseous and meniscal structures of, 346 Knee injury(ies), traumatic, computed tomography in, evaluation and management of, in emergency department, MRI in, 348 plain radiography of, 347 ultrasonography in, 347 undifferentiated, disposition of patient with, 348 emergency department imaging of, history and examination of, 346 L Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, in children, Ligamentous injuries, management of, 351 radiographic evaluation of, 350 Lisfranc injuries, Low back pain, atypical pain features in, 314 cancer history in, 314 duration of symptoms in, history of trauma in, 313 in herniated disc, treatment options in, location and radiation of, 313 neurologic examination in, 316 neurological deficits in, 314 physical examination in, rectal examination in, 316 systemic complaints in, 313 urinary, abdominal or chest complaints with, 314 Lunate and perilunate dissociations, Lunate fractures, M Maisonneuve fracture, Malgaigne fracture, and bucket handle fracture, Mallet finger, 405, 406 Meniscal injuries, history of, 351 imaging in, 352 physical examination in, Metacarpal fractures, Metaphyseal fractures, in children, 433

6 480 Metatarsal injuries, Midfoot injuries, Monteggia lesions, 417 N Navicular fracture, 370 Neuropraxia, cervical cord, 276 Nursemaid s elbow, O Olecranon, fracture of, Open-book injury/pelvic dislocation, , 459 Orthopedic emergencies, Orthopedic injuries, pediatric, basics of, 424 emergency department evaluation and treatment of, of upper extremity, problem of, 423 treatment of, 426 Ottawa ankle rules, Ottawa Knee Rule, 347 P Patellar dislocation, history of, 354 management of, 355 physical examination in, Patellar fractures, imaging of, 355 management of, 355 Patellar sleeve fracture, 354 Pelvic fractures, class II, emergency department management of, classifications of, emergency department classification of, 453 incidence of, 451 mortality and, 451 open, 456 stable, complications of, unstable, Peroneal tendon injuries, Phalangeal fractures, Phalangeal injuries, Physeal fractures, in children, Salter-Harris classification of, Pilon fractures, 385 Pubic symphysis, subluxation of, 457, 458 Q Quadriceps and patellar tendon injuries,

7 481 R Radial head, fracture of, 415 subluxation of, in child, Radius, diaphyseal, fractures of, distal, fractures of, background of, complications of, diagnosis of, treatment of, Rolando fracture, 402 Rotator cuff injuries, impingement syndrome, 306 tears, Rotator cuff tendons, tendonitis of, 306 S Sacral fractures, 461 Scaphoid fractures, background of, 289 complications of, 290 diagnosis of, treatment of, 290 Scapholunate dissociation, 293, 294 Scapula fractures, Septic arthritis, versus transient synovitis, in children, Shoulder, and humerus, emergency department evaluation and treatment of, anterior, dislocation of, external rotation in, 304 Milch technique in, 304 reduction techniques in, scapular manipulation in, 304 Spaso technique in, 305 Stimson technique in, 304 traction-countertraction technique in, 304 anterior glenohumeral, dislocations of, 303 dislocation of, in children, 426 glenohumeral, inferior dislocation of (luxatio erecta), 305 superior dislocation of, 305 injuries of, background of, 297 epidemiology of, imaging of, 298 posterior, dislocation of, 305 Spinal cord, vascular injuries of, Spinal cord injuries, by sport, 274 traumatic, glucocorticoid and cooling in, Spinal cord injury, epidemiology of, 242 Spinal cord syndromes, incomplete, Spinal cord tracts, Spinal infection, as cause of back pain, 321

8 482 Spinal injuries, classification of, 254 Stinger injury, 276, 278 Straddle fracture, Supracondylar fractures, in children, , 430 Syndesmotic injuries, 389 Synovitis, transient, versus septic arthritis, in children, T Talar dome fractures-386, 385 Talus, anatomy of, 367, 368 injuries of, Tendon injuries, of foot, Tendonitis, of rotator cuff tendons, 306 Terrible triad, 416 Thigh, compartment syndrome of, 336 Thigh pain. See Hip pain, and thigh pain. Thumb metacarpal, fractures of, 401 Tibial plateau fractures, imaging of, management of, 357 physical examination in, 356 Tillaux and triplane fractures, , 443 Toddler s fracture, 440, 441 Trapezium fractures, 292 Trapezoid fractures, 292 Triquetrum fractures, 291 U Ulna, fractures of, Ulnar styloid fractures, in children, 435 V Vertebral column, 242, 243 W Wrist, normal, physical examination of, normal anatomy of, 284, 285, 286, 287 Wrist injuries, emergency department evaluation and treatment of,