Human Habitat for Health & Wellness benefits of the urban forest & city trees

Transcription

1 Human Habitat for Health & Wellness benefits of the urban forest & city trees Kathleen Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist University of Washington (Seattle) School of Environmental and Forest Sciences Tree Survival School Holden Arboretum, Cleveland 29 March 2017

2 the canopy of a city :: benefits & values

3 STRUCTURE FUNCTION Eco (UFORE) Streets (STRATUM) Hydro Vue tools provided by USDA Forest Service VALUE MANAGEMENT photo credits: Seattle i-tree Training by Al Zelaya

4 Reducing Stormwater Runoff Image courtesy of the Center for Urban Forest Research

5 ALLERGENS HEAT ISLAND SOLID WASTE ENERGY AIR QUALITY COMMUNITY IDENTITY SYSTEMS THINKING STORMWATER SOCIAL CAPITAL EXERCISE & FITNESS ACTIVE MOBILITY NOISE WASTE WATER CONNECTVITY PUBLIC ART BMP S BIOTA CULTURAL HERITAGE CARBON credit: American Planning Association

6 WHO Health Definition A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (1946)

7 Determinants of Health Social Determinants

8 Finding that study......

9 Green Cities: Good Health Sponsors: USDA Forest Service, (U&CF Program + Pacific NW Research) University of Washington NGO partners Thanks! to U of WA students: Katrina Flora Mary Ann Rozance Sarah Krueger Research Reviews & Summaries

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11 design: co-author co-author & printing:

12 Evidence-based Story Health across the Human Life Cyle Cradle to Grave

13 Discovery: Human Health Benefits Across the Life Cycle 13

14 Urban Forests and Newborns the natural environment may affect pregnancy outcomes... 10% increase in tree-canopy cover within 50m of a house = lower number of low weight births (1.42 per 1000 births) Donovan et al., Health & Place 2011; Hystad et al., Env Health Perspectives 2014

15 Hygiene Hypothesis presence of soil bacteria in body, Mycobacterium vaccae = increased seratonin boost immune function may alleviate depression (dirt or Prozac?) Lowry et al Neuroscience 15

16 Eat Dirt!

17 ADHD Treatments Change in % Population America s State of Mind, Medco Health Solutions, Inc

18 ADHD Meds % of Americans Ages America s State of Mind, Medco Health Solutions, Inc

19 ADHD and nature contact 96 children aged 7-12 diagnosed ADD or ADHD Parents gave postactivity attentional functioning ratings (PAAF) 4 measures: Can t stay focused on unappealing tasks (homework or chores) Can t complete tasks Can t listen and follow directions Easily distracted Faber Taylor Environment & Behavior

20 ADHD and nature contact 17 children aged 7-12 with diagnosed ADHD 20-minute guided walks Park Neighborhood Downtown Pre-walk puzzles Post-walk cognitive test Faber Taylor & Kuo Journal of Attention Disorders

21 CDC moderate activity recommendations parks, active living, active transit 21

22 Shinrin yoku (forest bathing) extensive research restorative experiences workers retirees networked system, 52 bases in Japan complexity - productivity

23 Sacramento Study :: LIDAR x CHIS data 7,900 adults, 250 m buffer, covariates more tree cover = better overall health = better social cohesion Ulmer et al Health & Place. Multiple health benefits of urban tree canopy: The mounting evidence for a green prescription

24 Physical Activity & Depression Reduction Review of 13 high quality studies exercise recommended for mild to moderate depression people who are willing & motivated associated meditation and mindfulness are important Josefsson et al Physical Exercise Intervention in Depressive Disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 24

25 Improving Depression 20 adults with major depression walk in a park setting and a built setting 50-minute walks one week apart before-after testing: Mood: Positive and Negative Affect (PANAS) Cognition: Backward Digit Span (BDS) Berman et al Journal of Affective Disorders cognitive and affective improvements after walking in a nature setting

26 Effects of nature window view on recovery from surgery (Roger Ulrich, 1984) Shorter stays Less pain Fewer minor complications Better emotional well-being

27 Massachusetts General Hospital credit: Frank Oudeman

28 Legacy Good Samaritan Medical Center Stenzel Healing Garden 1997 Rehabilitation Institute of Oregon 3/30/17 LEGACY HEALTH 28

29 Hospital Staff Respite and Support 3/30/17 LEGACY HEALTH 29

30 Alzheimer s Disease & Dementia Provide wander gardens & horticulture therapy 10.5% reduction in amount of medications used in dementia facility 30% fewer falls, accompanied by a reduction in fall severity Tim Lynch Associates Detweiler et al American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease and Other Dementias

31 Summary: The Goodness of Green nearly 40 years of research critical mass of evidence re: nature & health co-design for co-benefits expanding partnerships and collaboration for conservation

32 design: author: printing:

33 contributing analysts: Dr. Stephen Grado & Marcus Measells, MSU; Dr. Alicia Robbins, Weyerhaueser

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