Local Organizer. Sponsors

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2 Local Organizer Prof. M. Sauvage, Mercator Research Group, Functional Architecture of Memory unit, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. Sponsors Special thanks to Raya Schindler and Aenne Petersen for administrative support The team of Prof. Albert Newen (Institute of Philosophy II: Robert Schuetze, Christian Teske), Markus Lorkowski and Zachery Beer for help with the announcements 1

3 Functional Architecture of Memory Conference May 23 rd 25 th 2012 General Information 2

4 Key Information 1. Way to the conference center (see map page 5) From the "Ruhr-Universität" U35 subway station go up the stairs and turn right towards the university. Your route takes you directly to the building of the university library (1). Keep right of the library, go down the stairs and continue straight ahead to a second stairway (2). Go down these stairs and go straight until you pass the audimax (3) and reach the cantine-building. Enter the building and take the elevator down to level 04 (signs). The talks will be held in hall 3 oom 82(4). 2. Internet Access A Wireless LAN environment is available in the conference center. Please ask the reception desk for access ID. 3. Lunch Two cafeterias (cash-only) can be found within the conference center: the Mensa (level 02) and the Bistro and Coffee bar (level 01). The Uni Center, close to the U35 station (10 min walk from the venue, see map page 5) also offers fast food alternatives and nice terraces. For a relaxing break, we recommend the Ruhr University botanical garden (opening hours: 9:00 18:00) across the street from the conference center in the direction of Kemnader See (less than 5 min, see map page 5). 3

5 4. Students/speakers only round table Each day from 13:00 to 13:50 (in room 82 level 04) a students/speakers-only discussion session takes place. Students/postdocs (no PIs allowed, sorry) have the opportunity to get feedback from the speakers of the day. We stronly encourage students to take advantage of this unique oppportunity to ask the questions they never dared to. 5. Dinner There is no organized conference dinner this year, but speakers and participants are encouraged to reconvene for drinks in the Bermuda Triangle each evening at 21:00. The meeting point is in front of the restaurant Güllüm (Kortumstr. 20a, see page 31). Wearing your badges would help finding each other. Our tips for dinner: The country side choice: (direction Kemnader lake, see map page 32): restaurant Post s Lottental (5 min walk) and restaurant: See Nami (Chinese; 20 min walk close to the lake). By good weather, we very much recommend the Beach bar (also 20 min walk). The downtown alternative: Many restaurants are available in the Bermuda triangle: take the U35 back to Bochum main station and follow the map on page 31. Should you need help to go one way or the other, students will be available at the reception booth at 18:15 on Wednesday and Friday, and at 17:15 on Thursday to show you the way. 4

6 LAYOUT OF THE UNIVERSITY (subway U35 to venue) 8 UNI CENTER University Library - Coffeebar 2. Stairs 3. Audi Max 4. Veranstaltungszentrum (VZ) - Cantine (Mensa)/Bistro 5.Food Court - American, Italian, Chinese 6. Post Office 7. Restaurant Summa Cum Laude (terrace) 8. Pharmacy 9. Botanical Gardens - Direction Kemnader See 9 5

7 Functional Architecture of Memory Conference May 23 rd 25 th 2012 Program 6

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12 Functional Architecture of Memory Conference May 23 rd 25 th 2012 Speaker Abstracts 11

13 Two Neocortical Systems for Memory Guided Behavior C. Ranganath Professor of Psychology, Dynamic Memory Lab, Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, USA It is well established that the medial temporal lobes (MTL) contribute to the ability to learn new facts and remember recent events. For several years, the dominant framework for the MTL has been that that the hippocampus is at the apex of an anatomically interconnected "memory system" which also includes two neocortical regions that interact with the hippocampus the perirhinal (PRC) and parahippocampal (PHC) cortices. Building on this framework, most researchers have characterized the PRC and PHC in a limited manner, largely casting them as intermediaries between sensory cortices and the hippocampus. In this talk, I will reconsider the functional organization of the MTL and review evidence converging on three points. First, the evidence suggests that the PRC and PHC play strikingly distinct roles in episodic memory, as well as in other cognitive domains. Second, the PRC and PHC show strikingly different patterns of anatomical and functional connectivity, with each area partnering with a different neocortical "hub". Third, different neurological disorders differentially target the anatomical systems associated with the PRC and PHC. These findings suggest that the PRC and PHC should not be viewed as simple conduits to the hippocampus, but instead as core components of two separate large-scale cortical networks--dissociable by neuroanatomy, function, and susceptibility to disease-- that can function independently of each other and of the hippocampus. 12

14 Recollection, familiarity and the hippocampus: fmri evidence M. D. Rugg Professor of Behavioural and Brain sciences, Co-director of the Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, USA Dual-process models of recognition memory distinguish between the retrieval of qualitative information about a prior event (recollection), and judgments of prior occurrence based on an acontextual sense of familiarity. fmri studies investigating the neural correlates of memory encoding and retrieval conducted within the dual-process framework have frequently reported findings consistent with the view that the hippocampus selectively supports recollection, and has little or no role in familiarity-based recognition. An alternative interpretation of these findings has been proposed, however, in which it is argued that the hippocampus supports the encoding and retrieval of strong memories, regardless of whether the memories are recollection- or familiarity-based. The findings of a series of fmri studies will be described that, together, support the proposal that retrieval-related hippocampal activity covaries with the amount of contextual information retrieved and not with the strength of an undifferentiated memory signal. 13

15 Perception and recognition in the human medial temporal lobe B. Suchan Professor of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology of Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany The functional organization of the medial temporal lobe is still under debate. Beside the temporal involvement of the hippocampus during memory retrieval, the distinction between recollection and familiarity in recognition memory and its neuroanatomical localization are still discussed. Additionally, recent results yield evidence for a role of the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) in the processing of complex visual stimuli, beside its established role in declarative long-term memory processing. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy human subjects. We will present data that support the idea of a longer lasting involvement of the hippocampus in recognition memory with clear neuroanatomical separation of the two process familiarity and recollection. Additionally, we will present data, that support the idea that the hippocampus is involved in perceptual processes. These perceptual related activations were located at different parts in the medial temporal lobe than these activations that were related to recognition memory processes like recollection and familiarity. 14

16 Everything is Memory: Relating Memory to Other Cognitive Abilities. A. Yonelinas Professor of Psychology, Human Memory Lab, University of California Davis, USA Recent work has suggested that the processes that support explicit long-term recognition memory may also be involved in other cognitive abilities such as implicit memory, short-term memory, language and perception. These results suggest that these different cognitive domains are not as separable as was initially thought. We have recently begun to examine performance in various domains using comparable measurement methods in order to contrast the processes involved in these domains. The aim has been to consider how the processes underlying these different abilities are interrelated. 15

17 Model-based examinations of the role of associations in recognition memory L. Kuchinke Professor of Psychology, Experimental Psychology and Methods, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany The work presented in this talk will examine the role of associations in recognition memory and its underlying neural substrate. First, a connectionist model of word recognition and recognition memory will be introduced that was developed to predict human performance in old/new recognition memory paradigms: the associative read-out model (AROM). The AROM consists of an interactive activation model extended by an associative layer implementing long-term associations between words. To model associations co-occurence measures were derived from a large corpus of sentences. A greater amount of significant co-occurences between items can be shown to result in increased yes response rates of non-learned and learned items. Therefore significant co-occurences between items were implemented in the associative layer so that the AROM accounts for these results and is able to predict item-level performances. At the neural level, a greater number of associations in the stimulus set was expected to only increase activations in brain regions supporting episodic memory processes. Such an activation pattern indicative of associative memory processing was only visible in the bilateral hippocampus. Further regions of the recognition memory network (the medial frontal gyrus, the posterior cingulate gyrus, the superior temporal gyrus) do not show this effect. Rather, neural responses in these regions seem to mirror the subjective levels of confidence when participants give confidence judgments to evaluate whether an item has been learned or not. An activation pattern that probably implies processes of metamemory or attention, rather than episodic memory processes. 16

18 Is episodic-like memory really like episodic memory? M. J. Eacott Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Durham University, UK Recent development of models of episodic memory for use with rodents has much potential in understanding the functional architecture of memory processes. Such models rely on content and structural similarities between human episodic memory and episodic-like memory in non-human animals without consideration of the subjective experience of remembering. But how like human episodic memory is episodic-like memory? I shall discuss results from our laboratory concerning two models of episodic-like memory which have been used to examine memory in rodents: whatwhere-when and what-where-which occasion. These have been used to study episodic-like memory loss in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer s disease and to examine the subjective experience of remembering on these tasks memory in normal human populations. The results show that there are important dissociations between these two models in both mouse and human populations which together suggest that not all tasks of episodic-like memory commonly used with rodents are testing the same abilities. These results have important implications for studies which use these tasks to investigate the functional architecture of memory. 17

19 Differential maturation of distinct hippocampal circuits underlies the emergence of distinct memory processes. P. Lavenex Professor at the Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland Episodic memories for events that happen in unique spatiotemporal contexts are central to defining who we are. Yet, until 2 years of age children are unable to form or store episodic memories for recall later in life, a phenomenon known as infantile amnesia. To date, however, the neurobiological bases for these phenomena have remained hypothetical. We have recently shown that the different regions of the monkey hippocampal formation exhibit distinct maturational profiles. We found a protracted period of neuron addition in the dentate gyrus throughout the first postnatal year and a concomitant late maturation of the dentate gyrus that extended beyond the first year of life. Although the development of CA3 generally paralleled that of the dentate gyrus, the distal portion of CA3, which receives direct entorhinal cortex projections, matured earlier than the proximal portion of CA3. CA1 matured earlier than the dentate gyrus and CA3, around six months of age. Interestingly, CA1 stratum lacunosum-moleculare, in which direct entorhinal cortex projections terminate, matured earlier than CA1 strata oriens, pyramidale, and radiatum, in which CA3 projections terminate. Our recent behavioral investigations of children's allocentric spatial memory capacities have shown that different aspects of allocentric spatial memory exhibit distinct maturational profiles. For example, the ability to form a basic allocentric representation of the environment is present by 2 years of age. I discuss how the differential maturation of distinct hippocampal circuits might underlie the emergence of specific aspects of allocentric spatial memory capacities and the emergence of long-term episodic memories. 18

20 Contrasting the neural bases of familiarity and novelty detection: implications for MTL models of recognition memory D. Montaldi PhD, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK It is generally assumed that familiarity and novelty are, from a behavioural perspective at least, mirror images of each other, that they share a common neural basis within the MTL and that this neural basis honours a single dimension from strong novelty to strong familiarity. However, the specific role played by the components of the MTL in novelty and familiarity detection are still to be established as evidence from human and animal studies remains unresolved. In particular, understanding the relative roles of the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex in novelty detection is vitally important to the development of MTL models of recognition memory, both from the methodological and theoretical perspective. Data from parametric fmri and eye movement studies (using single object stimuli) will be used to argue that, novelty (rather than familiarity) detection is the primary driver behind old/new decisions and that no region in the MTL honours the single dimension of memory strength, from strong novelty to strong familiarity or vice-versa. Instead, a fronto-parietal network underlies the single memory strength dimension. Parametric modulations of familiar and novel stimuli were isolated in a distributed network of non-overlapping brain areas. Robust novelty signals were identified along the ventral visual stream in visual association areas, extending critically into the parahippocampal, perirhinal and hippocampal regions of the MTL. In contrast, parametric familiarity signals were not found in the MTL, but instead in the dorsomedial thalamus, and the inferior parietal and medial prefrontal cortex. These results suggest that the processing associated with familiarity and novelty detection have distinct as well as overlapping neural bases. These findings will be discussed in the context of MTL models of recognition memory and will be used to highlight some important methodological implications. 19

21 Optogenetic Modulation of Perirhinal Cortex: Effects on Spontaneous Exploration of Novelty R. D. Burwell Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, USA Cells recorded in perirhinal cortex during exploration of novel stimuli often exhibit response decrements associated with continued exploration and stimulus repetition. These signals are thought to carry information concerning the relative familiarity of an item. It is not known whether this mechanism underlies the operational judgment of relative familiarity. We were able to modulate exploratory behavior in rats in a spontaneous object recognition task by optogenetically modulating neuronal activity in perirhinal cortex to signal novelty or familiarity. The caudal perirhinal cortex was transduced with channelrhodopsin using a viral vector, and optical fibers were implanted for optical stimulation. When exploration of an item was paired with 30 Hz stimulation of the caudal perirhinal cortex, the animal treated that stimulus as if it were novel. When exploration of an item was paired with10 Hz optical stimulation, the animal treated that stimulus as if it were familiar. Our data suggest that, whereas the identity of stimuli are likely signaled by a temporal pattern of spike activity, novelty and familiarity may be signaled by rate codes. 20

22 What is the role of perirhinal cortex in recognition memory? M.W. Brown Professor at the MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, UK A large body of data from human and animal studies using psychological, recording, imaging, and lesion techniques indicates that recognition memory involves at least two separable processes: familiarity discrimination and recollection. There is strong evidence that familiarity discrimination for individual visual stimuli is effected by a system centred on the perirhinal cortex of the temporal lobe [1, 2]. Other, more complex aspects of recognition memory, involving spatial and contextual information and general associative recollection, appear to be dependent on a system centring on the hippocampus (though sometimes also involving prefrontal cortex). The fundamental change that encodes prior occurrence within the perirhinal cortex seems to be a reduction in the responses of neurones when a stimulus is repeated. Such neuronal response reductions are probably produced by activity-dependent synaptic weakening. These ideas will be reviewed in relation to the role of perirhinal cortex in recognition memory, including evidence that perirhinal cortex is a long-term storage site for information concerning the prior occurrence of individual items. M.W. Brown and J.P. Aggleton (2001) Recognition memory: What are the roles of the perirhinal cortex and hippocampus? Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2: M.W. Brown, E.C. Warburton and J.P. Aggleton (2010) Recognition memory: material, processes, and substrates. Hippocampus 20:

23 Multiple anatomical systems embedded within the primate medial temporal lobe: Implications for hippocampal function J. P. Aggleton Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Wales, UK An analysis of medial temporal lobe connections reveals three distinct groupings of hippocampal efferents. These distinct efferent systems are: 1) The extended-hippocampal system, which involves the projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei, mammillary bodies and retrosplenial cortex, and originates in the subicular cortices with a largely laminar organisation; 2) The rostral hippocampal system, which consists of the projections to prefrontal cortex, amygdala and nucleus accumbens, has a columnar organisation, and originates from rostral CA1 and subiculum; 3) The reciprocal hippocampal-parahippocampal system for sensory processing and integration, which originates from the length of CA1 and the subiculum, and is characterised by columnar, connections with reciprocal topographies. A fourth system, the parahippocampalprefrontal system has more widespread prefrontal connections than those of the hippocampus, along with different thalamic inputs. A review of the functional importance of the extendedhippocampal system highlights its particular importance for episodic learning and spatial memory. Despite many interactions between these four systems, they may retain different roles in cognition that when combined help to explain the complexity of the medial temporal lobe s contributions to learning and memory. 22

24 Functional Architecture of the Entorhinal Twins M. P. Witter Professor at the Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University for Science and Technology NTNU, Norway An important aim in my current research is to establish the relationships between the architecture of cortical networks and functional outcomes of cortical processing. The entorhinal cortex provides an optimal model network to address this challenge since it is essentially a twin structure where the siblings, called lateral and medial entorhinal cortex, have comparable overall architectures but show strikingly different functions. Recently obtained data suggest that a major difference between the twins may be present in the electrophysiological properties of principal neurons in layer II. We further know that variations exist in input connectivity. In my talk I will summarize some of our recent findings, embedded in already established information and propose that differences in intrinsic wiring and input connectivity result in striking differences in functions of the twin structures, represented by the presence or absence of spatially modulated cells. In addition to describing what we know about the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in the adult rat, I will also present data on the development of the medial entorhinal network providing hints on how the functionality of individual principal neurons is correlated with developmental changes in the network. We observed that a time-dependent refinement of the spatial representation in the medial entorhinal cortex, as represented by grid cells, occurs over time, and is paralleled by an emergence of network synchrony among neighboring stellate cells. This emerging synchrony led us to probe the organization of the intralaminar layer II network in more detail, resulting in the discovery of a main inhibitory network. 23

25 Pattern Separation and the Aging Human Hippocampus C. E. L. Stark Professor at the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California at Irvine, USA Several computational models and studies in the rodent have suggested that the hippocampus (and the dentate gyrus in particular) play a key role in memory by a process called pattern separation. By transforming similar representations of similar events into discrete representations (orthogonalization), memories can be formed rapidly without suffering high levels of interference. This process is thought to be a critical component for memory functions often ascribed to the human hippocampus (e.g., episodic memory, recollection, etc.). In the last decade, an animal model of normal cognitive aging has emerged that emphasizes changes within the hippocampal circuitry that are critical for pattern separation. Recent advances in scanning techniques and behavioral paradigms have allowed us to observe these changes in humans. Here, I will present behavioral, high-resolution fmri, and microstructural DTI data showing that pattern separation ability declines with age and is tied to functional changes in the dentate gyrus / CA3 region of the hippocampus and to the integrity of the perforant path (the input to the dentate gyrus / CA3). Together, these findings provide a framework for evaluating age-related memory changes and how they may differ from those changes associated with early Alzheimer s disease. 24

26 Context is Encoded by Distinct Hippocampal Circuits T. J. McHugh Professor, Head of the Circuit and Behavioural Physiology Laboratory, RIKEN, Japan Context is a fundamental parameter of memory formation, requiring the encoding of environmental cues and their association with prior experience. The hippocampus is essential for processing context, but little is known about its behavioral and neural circuit organization. To examine this question, we used mutant mouse lines with defective synaptic plasticity in discrete hippocampal areas to examine context at the level of behavior and neuronal ensemble activation. We found that contextual processing involves two phases of animal exploration: a transient phase likely linked to perception of environmental cues, and a sustained phase responsible for mnemonic pattern association of the environment. The transient phase was encoded by an ensemble in CA1, while the sustained phase comprised a separate ensemble in CA3. In the mutant mouse lines, both behavior and neuronal activation in the CA1 and CA3 circuits could be decoupled. Together, these findings demonstrate that context learning involves two phases of exploration that route different types of information into CA1 and CA3 circuits, respectively. The results suggest a modular circuit basis for context where CA1 may mediate a rapid and dynamic reaction to the perceived novelty of perceptual cues while the DG/CA3 may encode fixed context patterns for memory formation. 25

27 Functional segregation of the MTL in episodic memory: sensory modalities, hippocampal microcuits and signaling pathways M. M. Sauvage Professor at the Mercator Research Group Functional Architecture of Memory, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany Information required for episodic memory is suggested to be processed by distinct anatomical pathways, the what stream (PER, LEC) and the where stream (POR, MEC), and to be integrated within the hippocampus (HIP). However, evidence for such a functional segregation is mostly restricted to the PER and the HIP, and the specific contribution of the LEC, POR, MEC and the hippocampal subfields CA1 and CA3 to episodic recognition memory remains unclear. Moreover, the influence of sensory modalities on this contribution and the signaling pathways underlying the spatial and non-spatial components of episodic memory remain to be elucidated. To address these issues, we combined episodic recognition memory tasks with molecular imaging or mutagenesis techniques in rodents. Our results show that the LEC and the PER contribute to the what stream in episodic recognition memory independently of the sensory modality at stake, and suggest a broader role for the POR and the MEC than a dedicated role in the processing of spatial information. In addition, building on the observation of a functional segregation of the spatial information in CA1, we report the first evidence of a topographical organization of non-spatial representations in CA3 and CA1, and show a preferential recruitment of a proximal CA3-distal CA1 network in non-spatial episodic recognition memory. Finally, we report a selective involvement of NMDA signaling in CA1 in the spatial component of episodic memory, while NMDA in CA3 did not significantly contribute to memory performance. Taken together, these data clarify further the specific contribution of each MTL area to episodic recognition memory, reveal the existence of a new hippocampal microcircuit, and suggest that spatial and non-spatial components of episodic memory could be supported by distinct neurotransmitters pathways. 26

28 Teasing apart the relationship between hippocampal synaptic plasticity and hippocampus-dependent memory D. Manahan-Vaughan Professor at the Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr University Bochum The neural mechanisms for spatial memory formation are believed to comprise an integration of processes mediated by hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the form of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). Novel space consists of several types of information, however, that may evoke differential synaptic responses in individual hippocampal subregions. We have observed that in all hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus), and at multiple types of hippocampal synapses (perforant path-dentate gyrus, mossy fiber-ca3, Schaffer collateral-ca1) exploration of a novel empty environment facilitates the expression of robust LTP (>24h) in freely behaving rats. In contrast, LTD facilitation is subregion- and synapsespecific and dependent on the nature of the cues. For example, In the CA1 region, partially concealed, small, contextual cues have a facilitatory effect on LTD. On the other hand, LTD in the dentate gyrus is facilitated by large directional cues. Thus, although LTP is facilitated uniformly (but synapse-specifically) in both areas by the same novel environment, LTD is facilitated in a region-specific manner, and was based on type of novel spatial cue presented. Strikingly, active exploration is not required: facilitation of LTD by spatial contextual information also occurs when the information is presented on a computer screen whilst the animal is stationary. Patterned afferent stimulation is not a prerequisite for the appearance of synaptic plasticity in association with declarative learning- plasticity also occurs when merely test-pulse stimulation is given. Furthermore, effects are also not species-specific, as mice also respond to spatial learning events by expressing synaptic plasticity. Taken together, these data suggest that LTP and LTD contribute to the encoding and storage of different components of a spatial representation and that LTD may be specifically involved in storing information about spatial context. 27

29 A possible cellular mechanism for short-term information retention in the medial temporal lobe M. Yoshida Professor of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Mercator Research Group Structure of Memory -, Ruhr University-Bochum, Germany Studies in both humans and animals support crucial involvement of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in short-term retention of information. For example, head direction signal is actively maintained by the postsubicular neurons during spatial navigation. The hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex appear to actively retain information during short-term memory tasks. However, the mechanism that supports short-term retention of information in the MTL remains unclear. In this talk, I focus on the ability of individual neurons in the MTL to maintain its firing triggered by a brief stimulation: persistent firing. I will present that persistent firing can be triggered in cells in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and the postsubiculum using in vitro whole-cell recordings. Persistent firing in these areas is supported by cholinergic and metabotropic glutamatergic receptor activations which are crucial for short-term memory and spatial navigation function in vivo. Persistent firing in these neurons is independent of the ionotropic synaptic transmission and is supported by the calcium-activated nonselective cationic (CAN) current. These suggest that single-cell properties may support short-term information retention in multiple MTL areas. I further propose that the CAN current could contribute to switching MTL activity between the encoding and the consolidation stages. 28

30 The role of the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus in processing of mnemonic information R. P. Kesner Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Utah, USA The present talk will elucidate the main operations of the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus (DG) in processing of mnemonic information. For the dorsal DG the emphasis will be on a. conjunctive encoding odor and place information, b) novelty detection of spatial and object based configurations, c)conjunction of spatial and object features, d) memory based pattern separation for horizontal and vertical spatial as well as contextual information, e) remote memory for location information. For the ventral DG, the emphasis will be on novelty detection of odors, memory based pattern separation for odors and mediation of anxiety. In addition, data will be presented on the role of neurogenesis in pattern separation and remote memory. 29

31 Functional Architecture of Memory Conference May 23 rd 25 th 2012 Recreational Info 30

32 Meeting point Güllüm Park inn Bochum train station If you take a left at the main station away from the Park Inn and follow the Südring (5 min) you will reach the The Bermuda-Dreieck, which offers a variety of Bars (Sportsbar,Cocktailbar), Lounges, Restaurants, Cafés and Cinemas. MAP TO THE BERMUDA-DREIECK (10 min walk from Bochum main station) 31

33 Conference center Post s Lottental restaurant (5 min walk) See Nami Chinese restaurant (20 min walk) BeachBar (20 min walk) MAP TO THE KEMNADER-LAKE (Restaurant/Beach bar) (5 & 20 min walk from the venue) 32

34 SIGHTSEEING To reach the sightseeing goals you will need a subway ticket class B (24h Ticket 11,30 ) Haus Kemnade Terrace and restaurant (Tue-Sun 14:00 23:00) Take the bus (CE31 runs every 30 min) from Bochum main station to Haus Kemnade (25 min) Burg Blankenstein Beer garden and restaurant (Mon-Fri from 18:00-open) Take the bus (CE31 runs every 30 min) from Bochum main station to castle Burg Blankenstein (30 min) Hattingen Oldtown Take the tram 308 (direction Hattingen Mitte S-Bahnhof every 15 min) from Bochum main station (30 min) to the historical Hattingen Oldtown where you will find several shops and restaurants. 33

35 Functional Architecture of Memory Conference May 23 rd 25 th 2012 List of Delegates 34

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