Chapter 6: Hippocampal Function In Cognition. From Mechanisms of Memory, second edition By J. David Sweatt, Ph.D.

Transcription

1 Chapter 6: Hippocampal Function In Cognition From Mechanisms of Memory, second edition By J. David Sweatt, Ph.D.

2 Grid Cell

3 The Hippocampus Serves a Role in Multimodal Information Processing and Memory Consolidation

4 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Timing Relationships Memory Consolidation

5 Hippocampal Connectivity in the CNS Visual Somatosensory Olfactory Sensory Regions Of Cortex Auditory Perirhinal/ Entorhinal Cortex Hippocampal Formation Perirhinal Cortex Entorhinal Cortex CA3 Dentate Gyrus CA1

6 Theta Pattern in Hippocampal EEG

7 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Time Relationships

8 Virtual Maze Burgess N, Maguire EA, O'Keefe J. The human hippocampus and spatial and episodic memory Neuron :

9 MRI of Hippocampus fmri in Virtual Maze Navigation Morphometry of London Taxi Drivers Right Posterior Hippocampal Volume Correlates with Time Spent Driving Burgess N, Maguire EA, O'Keefe J. The human hippocampus and spatial and episodic memory. Neuron :

10 Hippocampal Output Pathway & Intrinsic Circuit A Entorhinal Cortex Perforant Pathway B CA3 CA1 Dentate Gyrus Entorhinal Cortex CA1 Outputs CA3 Mossy Fibers Schaffer Collaterals C CA1 Axon CA1 GABAergic Interneuron Norepinephrine Subiculum/ Entorhinal Cortex Lateral Septum Amygdala, Cortex Acetylcholine Serotonin Schaffer Collaterals

11 Hippocampal Output Pathway & Intrinsic Circuit A Entorhinal Cortex Perforant Pathway B CA3 CA1 Dentate Gyrus Entorhinal Cortex CA1 Outputs CA3 Mossy Fibers Schaffer Collaterals C CA1 Axon CA1 GABAergic Interneuron Norepinephrine Subiculum/ Entorhinal Cortex Lateral Septum Amygdala, Cortex Acetylcholine Serotonin Schaffer Collaterals

12 Figure 3 Comparative Views

13 Place Cell Firing Patterns

14 Types of Rodent Mazes Lashley Maze Finish 4 Arm Radial (Plus) Maze 8 Arm Radial Maze Start Triangle Maze T Maze Y Maze

15 Direction Selectivity in Place Cell Firing

16 Types of Rodent Mazes Lashley Maze Finish 4 Arm Radial (Plus) Maze 8 Arm Radial Maze Start Triangle Maze T Maze Y Maze

17 Courtesy Emma Wood and Howard Eichenbaum

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20 Rotation of Visual Cues C B B Place Field D Rotate Visual Cues 90 A Place Field C A N D N Figure 7

21 Place Cells Fire in Corresponding Location Figure 8

22 Experience-Dependent Changes in Place Cell Firing A B Figure 9

23 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Timing Relationships

24 Eye-Blink Conditioning in Rabbits Corneal Air Puff Elicits Eyeblink Response Corneal Air Puff Given with Tone Tone Given Alone Elicits Eyeblink Response

25 Courtesy of David Linden. JHU

26 Increased Hippocampal Neuron Firing during Trace Eyeblink Conditioning Mean Number of Spikes Time CS US

27 Increased Connectivity in Pyramidal Neurons with Eye-blink Conditioning A B a b Figure 11 c d

28 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Time Relationships

29 4-arm Radial Maze with Local and Distal Cues

30 Double Rotation 4-arm Maze Experiment

31 Continuous Odor-guided Non- Matching to Sample

32 Task Related Firing Patterns of Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

33 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Time Relationships

34 Percent Arc-positive CA1 neurons (mean ± s.e.) Arc and Cellular Reactivation Caged Context A, Context A, Context A Context A Context A Immediate delay re-place in A then Context B then context B, delayed Blue Box 2

35 Blue Box 1 Grid Cells in the Entorhinal Cortex

36 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Time Relationships Memory Consolidation

37 Human Studies

38 MRI of HM s Brain lesions Surgeon s Estimate of H.M. s lesions Revised Estimate based on MRI

39 Functions of the Hippocampus Cognitive Processing: Space Timing Relationships Memory Consolidation