Getting Back to The Basics of Orchard Weed Management
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1 Getting Back to The Basics of Orchard Weed Management W.E. Mitchem, Extension Associate Chris Holmberg, Research Tech. N.C. State Univ., Univ. of GA, and Clemson Univ., Cooperatively Dept. of Horticultural Science N.C. State University
2 Herbicide Program Goals Competition Tree development in young orchards Fruit yield IPM Radiant heat benefit Worker efficiency Aesthetic U-Pick Agritourism Herbicide stewardship
3 Goals Weed Management Program in Newly Planted and Young Orchards Prevent competition Bud break throughout the summer Newly Planted Once soil has settled after transplanting Chateau or Sinbar Once control breaks with 1 to 2 tall weeds 2 nd Leaf Chateau* or Sinbar + Paraquat Mid March Chateau + Paraquat or Glufosinate Late June Chateau* + Paraquat or Glufosinate *Chateau can be applied after bud break in non-bearing orchards
4 Mature Orchard Floor Management Program Objectives Eliminate competition from bud break until harvest Eliminate weeds as part of rodent management strategy Bare herbicide strip at bloom Manage floor for worker efficiency Aesthetic (Agritourism)
5 Program Options in Mature Orchards Fall/Spring Sequential Delayed PRE Spring/Early Summer Sequential Timing is Everything!!! These programs are designed to get PRE control of annual weeds through harvest!
6 Program Options in Mature Orchards Fall/Spring Sequential Post harvest (November) Apply PRE + Paraquat or Glufosinate Chateau, Alion, Simazine or Pindar GT (coming by fall) Late May Apply PRE + Paraquat, Glufosinate or Glyphosate Alion, Zeus + Ory, Kar + Sin, Kar + Rim, Sim + Ory, Kar + Sol Benefits/Concerns Bare soil through spring Saves time in spring bare ground well into May Not suitable for orchards with a lot of slope 3.5 fl oz/a Pindar 2 pt/a 2 qt/a 6 oz/a Fall applied PRE Herbicides on May 18 in Henderson Co., NC
7 Delayed PRE Program Options in Mature Orchards Mid March Glyphosate or Glufosinate + 2,4-D amine Early to mid May PRE + Paraquat or Glufosinate or Glyphosate Karmex + Sinbar, Alion, Simazine + Ory, Karmex + Rimsulfuron Benefit/Concern Need to start timely!!!! Places PRE when it is initially needed Karmex + Sinbar applied as a Delayed PRE in Late August
8 Program Options in Mature Orchards Spring/Early Summer Sequential Mid March PRE + Glyphosate or Glufosinate + 2,4-D amine Late June PRE + Paraquat or Glufosinate PRE Options Alion fb Alion; Rim or Zeus + Ory fb Rim or Zeus + Ory, Chateau fb Alion or Zeus + Ory Benefit/Concern Offers lengthiest control into the spring Need to start timely!!!! Bare Ground in August with Spring/Early Summer Sequential Application of Alion
9 Controlling the Wild Cards! Yellow nutsedge Sandea 1 oz/a on trees at least a year old; 14 day PHI; DO NOT exceed two applications/a/year Activity on horseweed, giant ragweed, and pokeweed Bermudagrass Poast 1.5 pt/a fb 1 pt/a with COC Woody perennial weeds Starane Ultra 0.7 to 1.4 pt/a; Trees est. 4 yr; 14 day PHI; Do not apply during bloom Woody Perennial Control with Starane Ultra Blackberry Poison ivy Va-creeper 6 oz/a 12 oz/a 18 oz/a
10 Non-Selective POST Herbicides Non-selective POST Paraquat Glyphosate Glufosinate 100 2,4-D amine is an excellent tank mix 60 partner for 50 glufosinate or glyphosate in the 20 winter or early 10 spring 0 90 POST Weed Control with Reduced Rates of Glufosinate 14 DAT Cutleaf Horseweed Glu 28 oz Glu 32 oz Glu 48 oz Para 2 pt Gly 1 qt
11 Herbicide Management is a critical part of Orchard Floor Management!!
12 Timing Herbicide Management Choosing a program that works for you Timely applications Limiting glyphosate use One preferably (winter/early spring) and no more than two applications Glufosinate is getting less expensive Rotating PRE herbicides programs from one year to the next
13 Herbicide Rotation Selection for tolerant species 12 Resistance management Taking care of problems our neighbors created (controlling their resistant populations) MOA s
14 Questions
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