Clinical Ophthalmic Echography

Transcription

1

2 Roger P. Harrie Cynthia J. Kendall Clinical Ophthalmic Echography A Case Study Approach Second Edition DVD-VIDEO INCLUDED 123

3 Clinical Ophthalmic Echography

4

5 Roger P. Harrie Cynthia J. Kendall Clinical Ophthalmic Echography A Case Study Approach Second Edition

6 Roger P. Harrie Moran Eye Center University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah USA Cynthia J. Kendall Sacramento California USA The owner of this text will be able to access video clips through Springer with the following Internet link: ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

7 To Marci Fishman, our friend and our inspiration Cynthia J. Kendall, Roger P. Harrie

8

9 Foreword The wonderful thing about Clinical Ophthalmic Echography is that Dr. Roger Harrie, M.D., has put together an amazing variety of very useful case presentations complete with the applicable scans that are clearly marked and discussed in a concise and readable form. Additionally, he has added explanatory arrows to demonstrate A-scan spikes or B-scan lesions. Considering the wide array of cases, this was a long-term project and a considerable undertaking. There is a vast amount of pathologic material covered in this text which is easily accessed and it is very usable in its format both for knowledge acquisition and for reference in the clinic. In his concise vignettes, he has included histopathology slides to demonstrate the cause of spikes generated on the diagnostic A-scans and CT scans to explain other complex findings which can generate confusing areas of the B-scans. Fortunately for the reader, Dr. Harrie, had extensive fellowship training under Dr. Karl Ossoinig in ophthalmic ultrasound (at the University of Iowa) and is a member the American Registry of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers. He also is a member of the Society of Diagnostic Ultrasound in Ophthalmology, works at the Indian Health Service in Utah, and is a clinical professor of ophthalmology at the John Moran Eye Center. Therefore, he is exquisitely qualified to create this superb case study approach to ophthalmic ultrasonography. This new edition is a tremendous resource with the addition of Cynthia Kendall, BMET, ROUB, CDOS, who has provided clinical and technical training to ophthalmologists, veterinarians, ophthalmic personnel, and bio-technical individuals. Personally, I have found that she is one of the most outstanding ophthalmic ultrasound instructors and has pioneered and co-developed a great ultrasound machine. Because of her in-depth understanding of the technology of ultrasound equipment and her ability to create 3D thinking, she is able to succinctly teach other people how to anticipate what one will likely see on a scan and relate it three-dimensionally to the lesion inside the eye which is being imaged with ocular ultrasound. This kind of expertise takes years to develop and her addition to this book increases its value to the reader. Because of the rapid, to the point, relevant and usable format, this is a book that one can quickly pull from a shelf and read about a case, compare with something that one has recently encountered, and use it as a reference point. However, it is hard to put it down because you will want to read about two or three more cases, while you have it open. In the fast-paced clinical setting, even that is possible. My congratulations to Dr. Roger Harrie and Ms. Cynthia Kendall. Excellent work! Phoenix, AZ and New Orleans, LA, USA Mandi D. Conway M.D. FACS vii

10

11 Contents Part I Indications for Ophthalmic Ultrasound Case Study 1 Optic Nerve Drusen Case Study 2 Ciliary Body Melanoma and Sector Cataract Case Study 3 Small Ciliary Body Melanoma Case Study 4 Iris Bombe Around Intraocular Lens Implant Case Study 5 Choroidal Melanoma Case Study 6 Small Choroidal Melanoma Case Study 7 Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Retinal Tear Case Study 8 Vitreous Syneresis Case Study 9 Shallow Retinal Detachment Case Study 10 Dacryoadenitis Case Study 11 Optic Nerve Drusen Case Study 12 Optic Nerve Druse and Disc Hemorrhage Case Study 13 Central Retinal Artery Embolus Case Study 14 Retinoblastoma with Fine Calcification Case Study 15 Extraocular Muscles in Graves Disease Case Study 16 Orbital Myositis Case Study 17 Idiopathic Choroidal Folds Case Study 18 Choroidal Folds and Orbital Lymphoma Case Study 19 Cavernous Hemangioma Case Study 20 Pleomorphic Adenoma of Lacrimal Gland Case Study 21 Infantile Hemangioma ix

12 x Contents Part II Basic Principles Case Study 22 Choroidal Melanoma Case Study 23 Retinoblastoma Case Study 24 Shallow Retinal Detachment Case Study 25 Pleomorphic Adenoma of Lacrimal Gland Case Study 26 Subretinal Hemorrhage Case Study 27 Posterior Scleritis Case Study 28 Lymphoma of Extraocular Muscles Case Study 29 Optic Nerves in Pseudotumor Cerebri Case Study 30 Lymphoma of the Optic Nerves Part III Eye Pain Case Study 31 Untreated MM Case Study 32 Secluded Pupil Case Study 33 UGH Syndrome Case Study 34 Mild Sinusitis Case Study 35 Optic Nerves in Pseudotumor Cerebri Case Study 36 Sinus Polyp Case Study 37 Ethmoid Sinusitis Case Study 38 Sinus Melanoma Case Study 39 Frontal Ethmoidal Mucocele Case Study 40 Foreign Body in Nasolacrimal Duct Case Study 41 Dacryoadenitis Case Study 42 Dacryoadenitis and Sarcoidosis Case Study 43 Pleomorphic Adenoma of Lacrimal Gland Case Study 44 Adenocystic Carcinoma of Lacrimal Gland Case Study 45 Superior Oblique Tendonitis Case Study 46 Orbital Myositis Case Study 47 Low-Grade Orbital Myositis Case Study 48 Orbital Myositis and Scleritis Case Study 49 Posterior Scleritis Case Study 50 Benign Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia Case Study 51 Orbital Large Cell Lymphoma

13 Contents xi Case Study 52 Choroiditis and Vogt Koyanagi Harada Syndrome Case Study 53 Inflammatory Graves Disease Case Study 54 Myositis and Graves Disease Case Study 55 Retrobulbar Neuritis Case Study 56 Sarcoid Optic Neuritis Case Study 57 Subperiosteal Abscess Case Study 58 Subperiosteal Hemorrhage Case Study 59 Bleed into Lymphangioma Case Study 60 Orbital Metastasis Case Study 61 Sinus Carcinoma Case Study 62 Cavernous Hemangioma Case Study 63 Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma Part IV Blurred Vision Case Study 64 Phthisis Bulbi Case Study 65 Pre-phthisis Case Study 66 Optic Nerve Glioma Case Study 67 Intumescent Lens Case Study 68 Accommodative Spasm Case Study 69 Posterior Vitreous Detachment with Retinal Tear Case Study 70 Ruptured Globe Case Study 71 Choroidal Hemorrhage Case Study 72 Giant Retinal Tear Case Study 73 Intrascleral Foreign Body Case Study 74 Intrachoroidal Silicone Oil Case Study 75 Subperiosteal Hemorrhage Case Study 76 Microphthalmos with Cyst Case Study 77 Topamax-Induced Angle Closure Case Study 78 Cyclitic Membrane Case Study 79 Ciliary Body Melanoma Case Study 80 Ciliary Body Melanoma and IOL Case Study 81 Malignant Melanoma of the Ciliary Body with Lens Displacement Case Study 82 Choroidal Melanoma

14 xii Contents Case Study 83 Choroidal Melanoma in a Blind Painful Eye Case Study 84 Posterior Vitreous Detachment Case Study 85 Vitreous Traction Case Study 86 Retinal Tear Case Study 87 Retinal Tear with Subretinal Fluid Case Study 88 Choroidal Melanoma and Asteroid Hyalosis Case Study 89 Ocular Toxoplasmosis Case Study 90 Ocular Large-Cell Lymphoma Case Study 91 Endophthalmitis Case Study 92 Propionibacterium acnes Endophthalmitis Case Study 93 Vitreous Abscess Case Study 94 Vitreous Hemorrhage Case Study 95 Ciliary Body Cyst Case Study 96 Dislocated Intraocular Lens Implant Case Study 97 Ruptured Anterior Lens Capsule Case Study 98 Shallow Retinal Detachment Case Study 99 Macular Traction Case Study 100 Sympathetic Ophthalmia Case Study 101 Central Retinal Artery Embolus Case Study 102 Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma Case Study 103 Optic Nerve Lymphoma Case Study 104 Optic Nerve Sheath Hemorrhage Case Study 105 Optic Nerves in Pseudotumor Cerebri Part V Bulgy Eyes Case Study 106 Optic Nerve Glioma Case Study 107 Levator/Superior Rectus Complex in Graves Disease Case Study 108 Noncongestive Graves Disease Case Study 109 Cavernous Hemangioma Case Study 110 Hemangiopericytoma Case Study 111 Mucocele Case Study 112 Acute Sinusitis Case Study 113 Pleomorphic Adenoma of Lacrimal Gland Case Study 114 Dacryoadenitis

15 Contents xiii Case Study 115 Chronic Dacryoadenitis Case Study 116 Adenocystic Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland Case Study 117 Pseudotumor Case Study 118 Orbital Myositis Case Study 119 Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma Case Study 120 Graves Disease Case Study 121 Metastasis to Extraocular Muscle Case Study 122 Lymphoma of Extraocular Muscle Case Study 123 Superior Ophthalmic Vein in Carotid Cavernous Fistula Case Study 124 Superior Ophthalmic Vein in Dural Sinus Fistula Case Study 125 Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma During Pregnancy Case Study 126 Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma Case Study 127 Optic Nerve Sheath Hygroma Case Study 128 Orbital Hematic Cyst Case Study 129 Cavernous Hemangioma Case Study 130 Orbital Lymphangioma Case Study 131 Graves Orbitopathy Case Study 132 Increased Orbital Fat in Graves Disease Case Study 133 T Sign in Retrobulbar Neuritis Case Study 134 Tolosa Hunt Syndrome Case Study 135 Orbital Infantile Hemangioma in a Newborn Case Study 136 Orbital Infantile Hemangioma Case Study 137 Orbital Varix Case Study 138 Orbital Arteriovenous Malformation Case Study 139 Lymphoma of Eyelid Case Study 140 Leukemic Infiltrate Case Study 141 Dacryocystocele Case Study 142 Hemangiopericytoma of Lacrimal Sac Case Study 143 Orbital Meningioma Part VI Lumps and Bumps Case Study 144 Choroidal Melanoma Treated with Radioactive Plaque Case Study 145 Pseudomelanoma Case Study 146 Conversion of Nevus to Melanoma