Inner ear development Nervous system development
|
|
- Mary Evans
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Upcoming Sessions April 22: Nervous System Development Lecture April 24: Reviews of Axonal Pathfinding in Sensory Systems April 29: Inner Ear Development Lecture May 1: May 6: May 8: Auditory System Pathfinding Research Papers Reviews of Organ of Corti Differentiation Hair Cell Differentiation Research Papers
2
3 Inner ear development Nervous system development
4 Nervous System Development Formation and differentiation of the neural tube Tissue architecture of the central nervous system Differentiation of neurons/generation of neural diversity Pattern generation in the nervous system
5 Chick Embryo Whole Mounts
6 Primary Neurulation (formation of neural tube) Neural groove MHP=medial hinge point
7 Primary Neurulation (cont d)
8 3 steps: Primary Neurulation (cont d) 1. Formation of the neural plate Underlying dorsal mesoderm signals ectodermal cells to elongate and form the neural plate (columnar cells) 2. Bending of the neural plate MHP cells become anchored to the notochord and change shape forcing formation of the neural groove DLHP cells become anchored to the surface ectoderm 3. Closure of the neural tube Folds adhere to each other and cells merge In mammals, cranial neural crest cells migrate to the folds; spinal NC cells don t migrate until after closure Neural tube don t close simultaneously (3 sites in mammals): anterior neuropore closes first Separation from surface ectoderm occurs when neural tube cells switch from expressing E-cadherin (like ectoderm) to N-cadherin and N-CAM
9 Secondary Neurulation Mesenchyme cells coalesce into a solid cord that subsequently forms cavities that combine to form the hollow tube Separately formed tubes join together Occurs at transition regions at the junctions of tubes formed via primary neurulation
10 Nervous System Development Formation and differentiation of the neural tube Tissue architecture of the central nervous system Differentiation of neurons/generation of neural diversity Pattern generation in the nervous system
11 Human Brain Development
12 Neural Stem Cells and the Location of Dividing Cells
13 Cell Migration After their terminal division, cells migrate from the lumen toward the surface
14 Lamination Cells with the earliest birthdays migrate the shortest distances
15 Adult Stem Cells
16 Nervous System Development Formation and differentiation of the neural tube Tissue architecture of the central nervous system Differentiation of neurons/generation of neural diversity Pattern generation in the nervous system
17 Generation of neurons Neural stem cells can become: 1. Ventricular (ependymal) cells: make CSF 2. Neurons: generate and conduct electrical potentials 3. Glial cells: provide structure, insulate axons Numbers are staggering: o neurons associated with glia o Each neuron forms as many as 100,000 synapses with 1,000 to 1,000,000 other neurons o Neurons can be separated from their targets by distances of meters
18 Cell fate Neural vs. glial vs. epidermal fate is determined by the Notch-Delta pathway o Inducing proteins are bound to the cell surface o Cells expressing Delta, Jagged or Serrate proteins activate adjacent cells that express the Notch protein by causing a conformational change that causes Presinilin-1 to cleave part of the Notch intracellular domain o Cleaved portion of Notch goes to the nucleus and activates transcription factors
19 Neuronal type Determined initially by dorsal/ventral position within the neural tube, which is established by birthdate Gradients of paracrine factors then cause differential gene expression which determines type (e.g., motor vs. sensory) Early-born neurons can secrete retinoid signals that alter gene expression of laterborn neurons as they migrate through to their final position
20 Dorsal/ventral Specification Eventually, in spinal cord dorsal=sensory ventral=motor Ventral is specified by notocord, via Sonic hedgehog (Shh) converts MHC to become floor plate more Shh Dorsal by ectoderm via TGF-β roof plate more TGF-β
21 Paracrine Factor Gradients Motor neurons (PNkx6.1 and Pax6 overlap)
22 Neurites
23 Growth Factors
24 Nervous System Development Formation and differentiation of the neural tube Tissue architecture of the central nervous system Differentiation of neurons/generation of neural diversity Pattern generation in the nervous system
25 Specificity of Axonal Connections 3 steps: 1. PATHWAY SELECTION: route to a specific region 2. TARGET SELECTION: recognition of target cells and formation of connections 3. ADDRESS SELECTION: refinement of synapses so that each axon contects to a small subset of its initial connections First 2 steps are independent of activity; final step often requires synchronized electrical potentials
26 Pathway Selection Extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors provide navigation cues to growth cones ECM (laminin vs. collagen) Signalling molecules (ephrins, semaphorin, netrin and Split)
27 Growth factors released from target tissues act over very short distances to either attract or repel axons during their final approach to the target Target selection
28 Address Selection (activity dependent refinement) Competition between axons for innervation less active synapses are eliminated Neuronal cell death Target tissue regulates the number of axons innervating it via neurotrophic factor concentration Neurons that lose their target innervation die
29
30 Visual System Development
31 Central Auditory System Pathways
Biology 4361 Developmental Biology Gilbert Ch. 12. The Emergence of the Ectoderm: Central Nervous System and Epidermis November 30, 2006
Biology 4361 Developmental Biology Gilbert Ch. 12. The Emergence of the Ectoderm: Central Nervous System and Epidermis November 30, 2006 Establishing the Neural Cells - neural plate - portion of the dorsal
More informationNeurodevelopment II Structure Formation. Reading: BCP Chapter 23
Neurodevelopment II Structure Formation Reading: BCP Chapter 23 Phases of Development Ovum + Sperm = Zygote Cell division (multiplication) Neurogenesis Induction of the neural plate Neural proliferation
More information4/18/2011. Physiology 67 Lecture on Neural Development
Physiology 67 Lecture on Neural Development 1 2 3 4 5 6 Neural cell categories After the ectodermal tissue has folded into the neural tube, another series of signaling interactions determine the type of
More informationNeuroepithelial Cells and Neural Differentiation
Neuroepithelial Cells and Neural Differentiation Neurulation The cells of the neural tube are NEUROEPITHELIAL CELLS Neural crest cells migrate out of neural tube Neuroepithelial cells are embryonic stem
More informationBRAIN DEVELOPMENT I: ESTABLISHMENT OF BASIC ARCHITECTURE. Thomas Marino, Ph.D.
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT I: ESTABLISHMENT OF BASIC ARCHITECTURE Thomas Marino, Ph.D. Development of the Brain I. Competencies: Upon completion of this section of the course, the student must be able to: 1. Understand
More informationBrain Development III
Brain Development III Neural Development In the developing nervous system there must be: 1. The formation of different regions of the brain. 2. The ability of a neuron to differentiate. 3. The ability
More informationDevelopment of the Nervous System 1 st month
Development of the Nervous System 1 st month day 1 - fertilization of egg day 6 - uterine implantation day 18 - trilaminar (3-layered) disc (blastoderm, embryo) ectoderm (dorsal) - nervous system and skin
More informationEmbryology of the Nervous System. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Embryology of the Nervous System Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota In the blastula stage embryo, the embryonic disk has two layers. During gastrulation, epiblast cells migrate
More informationOption A: Neurobiology & Behavior HL BIOLOGY 2 ND EDITION DAMON, MCGONEGAL, TOSTO, AND
Option A: Neurobiology & Behavior A1: NEURAL DEVELOPMENT USE THE INFO IN THE PRESENTATION TO COMPLETE A1 NOTES GUIDE INFORMATION TAKEN FROM: HL BIOLOGY 2 ND EDITION DAMON, MCGONEGAL, TOSTO, AND WARD BIOLOGY
More informationEarly Development of Neural Tube Development of Medulla Spinalis and Peripheral Nervous System. Assoc.Prof. E.Elif Güzel, M.D.
Early Development of Neural Tube Development of Medulla Spinalis and Peripheral Nervous System Assoc.Prof. E.Elif Güzel, M.D. Third week of Embryogenesis Primitive streak/pit appears on the epiblast (day
More informationCNS Developmental. Anke van Eekelen, PhD. Telethon Institute for Child Health Research
CNS Developmental Anke van Eekelen, PhD Telethon Institute for Child Health Research (Some slides are modified versions of Prof. Alan Harvey s Neuroscience lecture at ANHB and Dr. Joanne Britto s Dev Neuroscience
More informationRegionalization of the nervous system. Paul Garrity 7.68J/9.013J February 25, 2004
Regionalization of the nervous system Paul Garrity 7.68J/9.013J February 25, 2004 Patterning along: Rostral/Caudal (AP) axis Dorsal/Ventral (DV) axis Start with DV axial patterning in Spinal Cord Dorsal/Ventral
More informationCurrent Model for how cells become neural. Double Inhibition Model for Neural fate. Neural Development. How do cells become neurons?
Current Model for how cells becoe neural 1) Default state is neural 2) Local secretion of BMPs by epideris inhibits neural fate 3) Local secretion of noggin, chordin by dorsal lip or esoder inhibits BMP
More informationHuman Histology The Nervous System. Dr. Rawaa Salim Hameed
Human Histology The Nervous System Dr. Rawaa Salim Hameed The organization of the nervous system Anatomically, the nervous system is divided into:- Neurohistology Structurally, nerve tissue consists of
More informationDevelopment of Spinal Cord & Vertebral Column. Dr. Sanaa Alshaarawi & Prof. Ahmed Fathalla
Development of Spinal Cord & Vertebral Column Dr. Sanaa Alshaarawi & Prof. Ahmed Fathalla OBJECTIVES At the end of the lecture, students should be able to: q Describe the development of the spinal cord
More informationMIDTERM EXAM 1 COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A
MIDTERM EXAM 1 COGNITIVE SCIENCE 107A FALL 2011 Name: Points: / 100 PID: I. SHORT ANSWERS (6 points each for a total of 30 points) 1. Describe two contributions made by Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934) in terms
More informationReview of Nervous System Anatomy
For the real amazement, if you wish to be amazed, is this process. You start out as a single cell derived from the coupling of a sperm and an egg; this divides in two, then four, then eight, and so on,
More informationBirth of neurons and brain wiring
Brain Development The cells of the nervous system connect with one another in trillions of remarkably specific patterns that form and change over the course of an organism s life. These connections develop
More informationInvestigating the role of EphAl ephrin-a signalling during trigeminal ganglion axon guidance
Investigating the role of EphAl ephrin-a signalling during trigeminal ganglion axon guidance A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Molecular and Biomedical Science (Discipline of Genetics),
More informationDevelopment of the Nervous System. Leah Militello, class of 2018
Development of the Nervous System Leah Militello, class of 2018 Learning Objectives 1. Describe the formation and fate of the neural tube and neural crest including timing and germ layer involved. 2. Describe
More informationFig.9.2. Structure of embryonic brain
T Chapter 9 Development of Ectodermal Organs he ectoderm gives rise to 3 separate cell populations: neural(plate) ectoderm, neural crest cells, and epiderm (general body ectoderm). A primordium (anlage)
More informationLecture 22: A little Neurobiology
BIO 5099: Molecular Biology for Computer Scientists (et al) Lecture 22: A little Neurobiology http://compbio.uchsc.edu/hunter/bio5099 Larry.Hunter@uchsc.edu Nervous system development Part of the ectoderm
More informationa) They are the most common cause of pediatric kidney failure. b) They are always symptomatic. c) They can be asymmetric.
Practice questions: 1. The paraxial mesoderm gives rise to somites. The structure of the somite a) is a loose mesenchymal sheet that will migrate toward the notochord. b) is an epithelial rosette with
More informationFrom Implantation to Neural Tube
By 28 weeks after conception, brain has virtually all the neurons it will ever have. At birth, the brain weighs about.75lb (25% of adult weight) At 3 years of age, 80% of adult weight. At 5 years of age,
More informationWhat are the 6 types of neuroglia and their functions?!
Warm Up! Take out your 11C Notes What are the 6 types of neuroglia and their functions?! Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Cells Satellite Cells Schwann Cells Oligodendrocytes Support, brace, & nutrient transfer
More informationNervous system Overview ( The master communication system)
Nervous system Overview ( The master communication system) Neuron process Cell body nucleus Neuroglia Nerve Tissue COMPOSITION OF NERVE TISSUE Two principal types of cells, neurons and supporting cells
More informationNeuroanatomy. Assistant Professor of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine The University of Jordan Dr Maha ELBeltagy
Neuroanatomy Dr. Maha ELBeltagy Assistant Professor of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine The University of Jordan 2018 Development of the Central Nervous System Development of the nervous system Development
More informationFundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Part C
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Part C Warm Up What is a neurotransmitter? What is the
More informationCHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 48: NERVOUS SYSTEMS Name I. AN OVERVIEW OF NERVOUS SYSTEMS A. Nervous systems perform the three overlapping functions of sensory input, integration, and motor output B. Networks of neurons with
More informationDepartment of Cognitive Science UCSD
Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Verse 1: Neocortex, frontal lobe, Brain stem, brain stem, Hippocampus, neural node, Right hemisphere, Pons and cortex visual, Brain stem, brain stem, Sylvian fissure,
More informationMeyers' A&P February 15, Unit 7. The Nervous System. I. Functions of the Nervous System. Monitors body's internal and external enviornments
Unit 7 The Nervous System I. Functions of the Nervous System Monitors body's internal and external enviornments Integrates sensory information Coordinates voluntary & involuntary responses of many other
More informationDevelopment of the Central Nervous System
Development of the Central Nervous System an ongoing process, through adolescence and maybe even adult hood? the nervous system is plastic Experience plays a key role Dire consequences when something goes
More informationA Cxcl12-Cxcr4 Chemokine Signaling Pathway Defines
Supplemental Data A Cxcl12-Cxcr4 Chemokine Signaling Pathway Defines the Initial Trajectory of Mammalian Motor Axons Ivo Lieberam, Dritan Agalliu, Takashi Nagasawa, Johan Ericson, and Thomas M. Jessell
More informationAxon Guidance. Matthew Blewitt
Axon Guidance Matthew Blewitt Overview Axonal development PNS regeneration CNS regeneration Future directions Brain Repair Axonal Development Neurite growth cone www.anatomy.unimelb.edu.au http://kalil.anatomy.wisc.edu/articles/kalil_dent_curropneurobiol_2005.pdf
More informationBroca s Aphasia: Lesions in the left posterior frontal lobe. Can understand speech but have a disruption in expressing spontaneous speech and writing.
9.09J/7.29J - Cellular Neurobiology, Spring 2005 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department of Biology Instructors: Professors William Quinn and Troy Littleton
More information4) Modification of Development by Sensory Experience (Nurture)
Lecture 7 (Jan 29 th ): BRAIN DEVELOPMENT and EVOLUTION Lecture Outline 1) Overview of Neural Development 2) Stages of Neural Development 3) The Nature vs. Nurture Issue 4) Modification of Development
More informationAll questions below pertain to mandatory material: all slides, and mandatory homework (if any).
ECOL 182 Spring 2008 Dr. Ferriere s lectures Lecture 6: Nervous system and brain Quiz Book reference: LIFE-The Science of Biology, 8 th Edition. http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire8e/ All questions below
More informationThe Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes =
The Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System input gathering To monitor occurring inside and outside the body Changes = To process and sensory input and decide if is needed output A response to integrated
More informationCells of the nervous system
Neurobiology Cells of the nervous system Anthony Heape 2011 1 Cells of the nervous system Neuroglia : part 2 The non excitable cells of the nervous system that provide support to neuronal survival and
More information9.01 Midterm Examination NAME October 27, 2003
9.01 - Neuroscience & Behavior, Fall 2003 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Instructor: Professor Gerald Schneider 9.01 Midterm Examination NAME 1) Karl Wernicke, in the 1870s, formulated a model of
More informationTitle: Chapter 5 Recorded Lecture. Speaker: Amit Dhingra Created by: (remove if same as speaker) online.wsu.edu
Title: Chapter 5 Recorded Lecture Speaker: Title: What Anthony is the title Berger/Angela of this lecture? Williams Speaker: Amit Dhingra Created by: (remove if same as speaker) online.wsu.edu Chapter
More informationLesson 33. Objectives: References: Chapter 16: Reading for Next Lesson: Chapter 16:
Lesson 33 Lesson Outline: Nervous System Structure and Function Neuronal Tissue Supporting Cells Neurons Nerves Functional Classification of Neuronal Tissue Organization of the Nervous System Peripheral
More informationThe developmental history of a sensory ganglion cell
(bozza v1, luglio 2016 per VC) The developmental history of a sensory ganglion cell by Brian Freeman, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW (b.freeman@unsw.edu.au) The sensory ganglion cell (e.g., in spinal
More informationDevelopment of Brain Stem, Cerebellum and Cerebrum
Development of Brain Stem, Cerebellum and Cerebrum The neural tube cranial to the 4th pair of somites develop into the brain. 3 dilatations and 2 flexures form at the cephalic end of the neural tube during
More informationHuntington s Disease & MARY ET BOYLE, PH.D. DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE SCIENCE
Huntington s Disease & Early Nervous System Development MARY ET BOYLE, PH.D. DEPARTMENT OF COGNITIVE SCIENCE UCSD The cups fell to the floor with a crash. Was this the alarm signal? Or was it forgetting
More informationChapter 8 Nervous System
Chapter 8 Nervous System Two message centers: Functions of these systems: 1. * 2. * Overview of the Nervous System Parts: General Functions: Functions Sensory input: Sensation via nerves Integration: interpretation
More informationIntercellular indirect communication
Intercellular indirect communication transmission of chemical signals: sending cell signal transmitting tissue hormone medium receiving cell hormone intercellular fluid blood neurocrine neurotransmitter
More informationCell Cell Communication
IBS 8102 Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Cell Cell Communication January 29, 2008 Communicate What? Why do cells communicate? To govern or modify each other for the benefit of the organism differentiate
More informationNervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s
Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue is the term for groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body s movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different
More informationChapter 4 :Organization & Regulation of Body Systems
Chapter 4 :Organization & Regulation of Body Systems 4.1 Types of tissues What is a tissue? A collection of cells of the same type that perform a common function There are 4 major tissue types in the body:
More informationCell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Hey! The major concepts discussed relative to neural crest cell migration apply to cell migration
More informationDevelopmental Biology - Biology 4361 Lecture 13 - Ectodermal Organs November 22, 2005
Developmental Biology - Biology 4361 Lecture 13 - Ectodermal Organs November 22, 2005 Neural tube development - central nervous system (CNS) - brain, spinal cord - peripheral nervous system (everything
More informationSupporting Information
Supporting Information Creuzet 10.1073/pnas.0906072106 Fig. S1. Migrating CNC cells express Bmp inhibitors. (A) HNK1 immunolabeling of migrating CNC cells at 7 ss. (B) At this stage, Fgf8 is strongly expressed
More informationBIOL241 - Lecture 12a
Cranial Nerves, source: training.seer.cancer.gov Nervous System Overview BIOL241 - Lecture 12a 1 Topics Divisions of the NS: CNS and PNS Structure and types of neurons Synapses Structure and function of
More informationNeuroembryology II. Dr. Newton COPH G210
Neuroembryology II Dr. Newton COPH G210 Anterior and posterior neuropore closure at E25 & E27, respectively, is essential for normal nervous system development. NTDs occur 1/1K births. Incidence can be
More informationb. The groove between the two crests is called 2. The neural folds move toward each other & the fuse to create a
Chapter 13: Brain and Cranial Nerves I. Development of the CNS A. The CNS begins as a flat plate called the B. The process proceeds as: 1. The lateral sides of the become elevated as waves called a. The
More informationDr Mahmood S Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University/Mayo
Integration of Cells into Tissues Dr Mahmood S Choudhery, PhD, Postdoc (USA) Assistant Professor Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital Lahore 1. How
More informationCell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration. Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Cell Migration II: CNS Cell Migration Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Course News Coffee Hour Wednesday (Oct 18) 9:00-10:00am Surdyk s Café in Northrop Auditorium Stop
More informationSupplementary Fig. 1 Blocking shh function at the protein level confirms its role as a guidance cue for postcommissural axons.
Supplementary Fig. 1 Blocking shh function at the protein level confirms its role as a guidance cue for postcommissural axons. As an alternative method to demonstrate the role of shh as a guidance cue
More informationAnatomy Lab (1) Theoretical Part. Page (2 A) Page (2B)
Anatomy Lab (1) This sheet only includes the extra notes for the lab handout regarding the theoretical part, as for the practical part it includes everything the doctor mentioned. Theoretical Part Page
More informationDevelopment of the Pharyngeal Arches
Development of the Pharyngeal Arches Thomas A. Marino, Ph.D. Temple University School of Medicine Competencies: Upon completion of this section of the course, the student must be able to: 1. Recall the
More informationUNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI
UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2013/2014 LEVEL I MID-SEMESTER II EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING (BScN) AND BACHELOR OF PHARMACY (B.PHARM) MARKING SCHEME HNS101/UPC106:
More informationCell Birth and Death. Chapter Three
Cell Birth and Death Chapter Three Neurogenesis All neurons and glial cells begin in the neural tube Differentiated into neurons rather than ectoderm based on factors we have already discussed If these
More informationApril 29, Neurophysiology. Chul-Kyu Park, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University,
April 29, 2016 Neurophysiology Chul-Kyu Park, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Cells in the brain Neurons glia 1. Astrocytes 2. Microglia
More informationCell Cell Communication
IBS 8102 Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Cell Cell Communication January 29, 2008 Communicate What? Why do cells communicate? To govern or modify each other for the benefit of the organism differentiate
More information25 Things To Know. Neurons
25 Things To Know Neurons Neurons receive & transmit to other cells Neurons Many last your whole life Neurons Many last your whole life Other cells die and are replaced Most aren t replaced Neurons Hippocampus
More informationNervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization
Nervous Systems: Diversity & Functional Organization Diversity of Neural Signaling The diversity of neuron structure and function allows neurons to play many roles. 3 basic function of all neurons: Receive
More informationNeural Development 1
Neural Development 1 Genes versus environment Nature versus nurture Instinct versus learning Interactive theory of development Hair color What language you speak Intelligence? Creativity? http://www.jove.com/science-education/5207/an-introduction-to-developmental-neurobiology
More informationThe neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible:
NERVOUS SYSTEM The neurvous system senses, interprets, and responds to changes in the environment. Two types of cells makes this possible: the neuron and the supporting cells ("glial cells"). Neuron Neurons
More informationNURSE-UP INTRODUCTION TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
NURSE-UP INTRODUCTION TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Body s primary communication and control system. Integrates and regulates body function Collects information specialized nervous
More informationOrganization of The Nervous System PROF. MOUSAED ALFAYEZ & DR. SANAA ALSHAARAWY
Organization of The Nervous System PROF. MOUSAED ALFAYEZ & DR. SANAA ALSHAARAWY Objectives At the end of the lecture, the students should be able to: List the parts of the nervous system. List the function
More informationMajor Structures of the Nervous System. Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors
Major Structures of the Nervous System Brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, spinal nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses and sensory receptors Nervous System Divisions Central Nervous System (CNS) consists
More information10.1: Introduction. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial cells) Dendrites.
10.1: Introduction Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Cell types in neural tissue: Neurons Neuroglial cells (also known as neuroglia, glia, and glial
More informationWHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM LEARNING OBJECTIVES To state the function of the Nervous system. To describe the structure and workings of the nervous system. To name the major parts of the nervous system. To describe
More informationWeek 14. Development of the Musculoskeletal System
Week 14 Development of the Musculoskeletal System Skeletal System Derived from: paraxial mesoderm somites and somitomeres sclerotome sclerotome differentiation induced by SHH from notochord and floor plate
More informationChapter 11 Development and Diseases
Chapter 11 Development and Diseases Fertilization Development of the Nervous System Cleavage (Blastula, Gastrula) Neuronal Induction- Neuroblast Formation Cell Migration Axon Growth/Target innervation
More information35-2 The Nervous System Slide 1 of 38
1 of 38 35-2 The Nervous System The nervous system controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli. 2 of 38 Neurons Neurons The messages carried by
More informationNervous System. Electrical Signals.III Signal Transmission at Synapses Neurotransmitters.V Neural Circuits.VI
Nervous System Overview.I Histology.II Electrical Signals.III Signal Transmission at Synapses Neurotransmitters.V Neural Circuits.VI Repairs.VII Pathology.VIII.IV 1 Controls and integrates all body activities
More informationCELL BIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH CELL JUNCTIONS AND TISSUES.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-CELL ADHESION Cells must be able to bind and interact with nearby cells in order to have functional and strong tissues Cells can in two main ways - Homophilic interactions
More informationLecture IV. Mechanisms of Neural. Neural Development
Lecture IV. Mechanisms of Neural Bio 3411 Monday 1 Readings NEUROSCIENCE: 5 th ed, pp 477-506 (sorta) 4 th ed, pp 545-575 (sorta) References : Fainsod, A., Steinbeisser, H., & De Robertis, E. M. (1994).
More informationThe nervous system regulates most body systems using direct connections called nerves. It enables you to sense and respond to stimuli
The nervous system regulates most body systems using direct connections called nerves. It enables you to sense and respond to stimuli The basic function of nervous system are: Receive sensory input internal
More informationNervous System. Master controlling and communicating system of the body. Secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters
Nervous System Master controlling and communicating system of the body Interacts with the endocrine system to control and coordinate the body s responses to changes in its environment, as well as growth,
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 Textbook and required/recommended
More informationFIRST MIDTERM EXAM October 18, 2011 BILD2
FIRST MIDTERM EXAM October 18, 2011 BILD2 WRITE YOUR NAME ON ALL 6 PAGES. ANSWER ALL 10 QUESTIONS (100 POINTS). CONFINE YOUR ANSWERS TO THE SPACE ALLOWED. If you would like to write on the back of the
More informationOutline. Animals: Nervous system. Neuron and connection of neurons. Key Concepts:
Animals: Nervous system Neuron and connection of neurons Outline 1. Key concepts 2. An Overview and Evolution 3. Human Nervous System 4. The Neurons 5. The Electrical Signals 6. Communication between Neurons
More informationDevelopment of the Nervous System
Development of the Nervous System OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the formation and fate of the neural tube and neural crest. 2. Name and describe the formation of the primary and secondary embryological compartments
More informationNerve tissue & the Nervous System
Nerve tissue & the Nervous System The human nervous system, by far the most complex system in the body, is formed by a network of many billion nerve cells (neurons), all assisted by many more supporting
More information1. Use the following words to complete the text below. Terms may be used more than once.
THE NERVOUS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS Nervous system, neuron, nerve impulse, peripheral nervous system, nerves STUDENT BOOK Ch. 7, pp. 202 206 1. Use the following words to complete the text below. Terms
More informationBCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J
BCM 226 LECTURE SALEMCITY, A.J BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE Biological membranes are composed of proteins associated with a lipid bilayer matrix. They are the molecular gateway to the cell. Viewed under electron
More informationPlasticity of Cerebral Cortex in Development
Plasticity of Cerebral Cortex in Development Jessica R. Newton and Mriganka Sur Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences Picower Center for Learning & Memory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge,
More informationBIOH111. o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system
BIOH111 o Cell Module o Tissue Module o Integumentary system o Skeletal system o Muscle system o Nervous system o Endocrine system Endeavour College of Natural Health endeavour.edu.au 1 TEXTBOOK AND REQUIRED/RECOMMENDED
More informationEE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015
EE 791 Lecture 2 Jan 19, 2015 Action Potential Conduction And Neural Organization EE 791-Lecture 2 1 Core-conductor model: In the core-conductor model we approximate an axon or a segment of a dendrite
More informationLQB383 Testbank. Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms
LQB383 Testbank Week 8 Cell Communication and Signaling Mechanisms Terms to learn match the terms to the definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationHuman Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 11: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper as needed,
More informationNervous System. Lecture 4
Nervous System Lecture 4 Neurons Functional unit of the nervous system Also called the nerve cell Soma or body Axon Dendrites Neuroglial cells support cells Schwann cells produce myelin in PNS Oligodendrocytes
More informationOverview of the Nervous System (some basic concepts) Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota
Overview of the Nervous System (some basic concepts) Steven McLoon Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota 1 Coffee Hour Tuesday (Sept 11) 10:00-11:00am Friday (Sept 14) 8:30-9:30am Surdyk s
More informationChapter 7 Nerve tissue 1 Liu Jiamei
Chapter 7 Nerve tissue 1 Liu Jiamei General description: nerve tissue nerve cells (neurons): show numerous long processes receive the stimulation make contact with each other, conduct the nerve impulse
More informationNervous System C H A P T E R 2
Nervous System C H A P T E R 2 Input Output Neuron 3 Nerve cell Allows information to travel throughout the body to various destinations Receptive Segment Cell Body Dendrites: receive message Myelin sheath
More informationHuman Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 11: Neural Tissue & The Nervous System Question No. 1 of 10 The human body contains different types of tissue. The tissue is formed into organs and organ systems.
More informationBiological Bases of Behavior. 3: Structure of the Nervous System
Biological Bases of Behavior 3: Structure of the Nervous System Neuroanatomy Terms The neuraxis is an imaginary line drawn through the spinal cord up to the front of the brain Anatomical directions are
More information