Mutations. Any change in DNA sequence is called a mutation.
|
|
- Alisha Sparks
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mutations
2 Mutations Any change in DNA sequence is called a mutation. Mutations can be caused by errors in replication, transcription, cell division, or by external agents.
3 Mutations Mutations can be harmful. Sickle Cell Disease Cystic Fibrosis Mutations can be beneficial. Phenotypic (physical) changes Flower color Fur color
4 Mutations Mutations can occur in both types of cells: Body cells (muscle, skin, brain, bone, etc.) Gametes (Sex Cells sperm or egg) Skin Cells Sperm Cell & Egg Cell
5 This can result in the cells growing and dividing rapidly, producing cancer. Mutations in body cells If a body cell s DNA is changed, this mutation would not be passed on to offspring. Damage to a gene may impair the function of the cell. When that cell divides, the new cells also will have the same mutation.
6 Mutations in Gametes Mutations that occur in the gametes or sex cells can be passed on to the offspring.
7 Kinds of Mutations Mutations that produce changes in a single gene are known as gene mutations. Mutations that produce changes in whole chromosomes are known as chromosomal mutations.
8 Gene Mutations Gene mutations involving a change in one or a few nucleotides are known as point mutations because they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence. Point mutations include substitutions, insertions, and deletions. example: Sickle Cell Disease one nucleotide is substituted for another
9 Sickle Cell Disease causes the red blood cells to be deformed. The result is that they get stuck in the blood vessels, depriving tissues of oxygen, causing strokes, and blood clots.
10 Gene Mutations A point mutation is a change in a single base pair in DNA THE DOG BIT THE CAT. THE DOG BIT THE CAR. A change in a single nitrogenous base can change the entire structure of a protein because a change in a single amino acid can affect the shape of the protein.
11 Substitutions usually affect no more than a single amino acid.
12 Gene Mutations The effects of insertions or deletions are more dramatic. The addition or deletion of a nucleotide causes a shift in the grouping of codons. Changes like these are called frameshift mutations.
13 Gene Mutations What would happen if a single nitrogenous base (letter) is deleted? THE DOG BIT THE CAT. THD OGB ITT HEC AT. A mutation in which a single base is added or deleted from DNA is called a frameshift mutation.
14 In an insertion, an extra base is inserted into a base sequence.
15 In a deletion, a single base is lost and the reading frame is shifted.
16 Chromosomal Mutations Chromosomal mutations involve changes in the number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosomal mutations include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. Sometimes during mitosis or meiosis (cell division) chromosomes break and then rejoin incorrectly, or just a piece breaks off for good.
17 Deletions involve the loss of all or part of a chromosome.
18 Duplications produce extra copies of parts of a chromosome.
19 Inversions reverse the direction of parts of chromosomes.
20 Translocations occurs when part of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
21 Causes of Mutations Some mutations seem to just happen, perhaps as a mistake in base pairing during DNA replication. These mutations are said to be spontaneous. However, many mutations are caused by factors in the environment, such as radiation, chemicals, and even high temperatures. Any agent that can cause a change in DNA is called a mutagen.
22 Significance of Mutations Many mutations have little or no effect on gene expression. Some mutations are the cause of genetic disorders. Beneficial mutations may produce proteins with new or altered activities that can be useful. Polyploidy is the condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes.
23 Significance of Mutations Mutations in body cells do not affect offspring. Mutations in sex cells can be harmful or beneficial to offspring Mutations that affect a single gene usually happen during replication Mutations that affect group of genes or chromosome happen during meiosis (formation of eggs and sperm)
WHEN DO MUTATIONS OCCUR?
WHEN DO MUTATIONS OCCUR? While most DNA replicates with fairly high accuracy, mistakes do happen. DNA polymerase sometimes inserts the wrong nucleotide or too many or too few nucleotides into a sequence.
More informationGENE EXPRESSION. Amoeba Sisters video 3pk9YVo. Individuality & Mutations
Amoeba Sisters video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=giez 3pk9YVo GENE EXPRESSION Individuality & Mutations Complete video handout http://www.amoebasisters.com/uploads/ 2/1/9/0/21902384/video_recap_of_muta
More informationSTRUCTURAL CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
STRUCTURAL CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS Structural chromosomal aberrations cause structural abnormalities in chromosome structure. They alter the sequence or the kind of genes present in chromosome. These are
More informationChapter 12-4 DNA Mutations Notes
Chapter 12-4 DNA Mutations Notes I. Mutations Introduction A. Definition: Changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information B. Mutagen= physical or chemical agent that interacts with DNA to cause
More informationSection Chapter 14. Go to Section:
Section 12-3 Chapter 14 Go to Section: Content Objectives Write these Down! I will be able to identify: The origin of genetic differences among organisms. The possible kinds of different mutations. The
More informationGENE EXPRESSION. Individuality & Mutations
GENE EXPRESSION Individuality & Mutations I. Are all genes turned on in all cells? The answer is NO! Every body cell contains your DNA (genetic make-up) Cells use only genes specific for function EX. Red
More information6.3 DNA Mutations. SBI4U Ms. Ho-Lau
6.3 DNA Mutations SBI4U Ms. Ho-Lau DNA Mutations Gene expression can be affected by errors that occur during DNA replication. Some errors are repaired, but others can become mutations (changes in the nucleotide
More informationThe Cell Cycle. Chapter 10
The Cell Cycle Chapter 10 Why Do Cells Divide? Unicellular 1. Reproduction Multicellular 1. Grow 2. Repair 3. Development/reproduction Types of Division Prokaryotic cells Binary fission = asexual reproduction
More informationB.6.E identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these changes
B.6.E identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these changes One look around a room tells you that each person has slight differences in their physical make up and therefore
More informationGene Expression. From a gene to a protein
Gene Expression From a gene to a protein Central Dogma (Crick 1958) Determines the genetic flow of information Central Dogma First step in decoding a genetic message from DNA is to copy (transcribe) it
More informationMutations. A2 Biology For WJEC
12. Mutation is a change in the amount, arrangement or structure in the DNA of an organism. 13. There are two types of mutations, chromosome mutations and gene mutations. Mutations A2 Biology For WJEC
More informationGene Expression and Mutation
Gene Expression and Mutation GENE EXPRESSION: There are hormonal and environmental factors that may cause the expression of some genetic information. Some examples are: 1. The two- colour pattern of some
More informationHuman Genetic Mutations
Human Genetic Mutations 2 Main Types of Mutations 1.) Chromosomal Mutations 2.) Gene Mutations What are chromosomes? Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one chromosome from each parent. The chromosomes
More information3. What law of heredity explains that traits, like texture and color, are inherited independently of each other?
Section 2: Genetics Chapter 11 pg. 308-329 Part 1: Refer to the table of pea plant traits on the right. Then complete the table on the left by filling in the missing information for each cross. 6. What
More informationDiploma in Equine Science
The process of meiosis is summarised in the diagram below, but it involves the reduction of the genetic material to half. A cell containing the full number of chromosomes (two pairs) is termed diploid,
More informationChapter 11 Gene Expression
Chapter 11 Gene Expression 11-1 Control of Gene Expression Gene Expression- the activation of a gene to form a protein -a gene is on or expressed when it is transcribed. -cells do not always need to produce
More information12.1 X-linked Inheritance in Humans. Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance Ch. 12. X-linked Inheritance. X-linked Inheritance
Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance Ch. 12 12.1 in Humans X-chromosomes also have non genderspecific genes Called X-linked genes Vision Blood-clotting X-linked conditions Conditions caused by
More informationGenetic diagrams show the genotype and phenotype of the offspring of two organisms. The different generation are abbreviated like so:
Genetics 2 Genetic Diagrams and Mendelian Genetics: Genetic diagrams show the genotype and phenotype of the offspring of two organisms. The different generation are abbreviated like so: P parent generation
More informationKaryotypes Detect Chromosome Mutations
Karyotypes Detect Chromosome Mutations Chromosomes may become altered during meiosis. These mutations involve large sections that involve many genes. Chromosome may have sections deleted, duplicated, inverted,
More informationChromosomal Mutations
Notes 2/17 Chromosomal Mutations A chromosome mutation is an unpredictable change that occurs in a chromosome. These changes are most often brought on by problems that occur during meiosis or by mutagens
More informationChromosome Abnormalities
Chromosome Abnormalities Chromosomal abnormalities vs. molecular mutations Simply a matter of size Chromosomal abnormalities are big errors Two types of abnormalities 1. Constitutional problem present
More informationChapter 28 Modern Mendelian Genetics
Chapter 28 Modern Mendelian Genetics (I) Gene-Chromosome Theory Genes exist in a linear fashion on chromosomes Two genes associated with a specific characteristic are known as alleles and are located on
More informationUNIT 4: DNA, Chromosomes, and Cell Division DAYSHEET 46: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
UNIT 4: DNA, Chromosomes, and Cell Division DAYSHEET 46: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Name Biology I Date: Catalyst/Bellringer: Use your reading strategies as you read the article below about cancer.
More informationLESSON 3.2 WORKBOOK. How do normal cells become cancer cells? Workbook Lesson 3.2
For a complete list of defined terms, see the Glossary. Transformation the process by which a cell acquires characteristics of a tumor cell. LESSON 3.2 WORKBOOK How do normal cells become cancer cells?
More informationMUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS
MUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS How do different alleles arise? ( allele : form of a gene; specific base sequence at a site on DNA) Mutations: heritable changes in genes Mutations occur in DNA
More informationTRANSLATION: 3 Stages to translation, can you guess what they are?
TRANSLATION: Translation: is the process by which a ribosome interprets a genetic message on mrna to place amino acids in a specific sequence in order to synthesize polypeptide. 3 Stages to translation,
More informationMeiosis. 4. There are multiple alleles for the ABO blood group. Why are there only two of these alleles normally present in any one individual?
Name: ate: 1. The diagram shown represents a cell that will undergo mitosis. Which diagrams below best illustrate the nuclei of the daughter cells that result from a normal mitotic cell division of the
More informationReview. 1) A huge molecule made up of amino acids (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine)
Mutations Review 1) A huge molecule made up of amino acids (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine) DNA 2) A process that produces the sex cells with half the chromosomes of a body cell Meiosis 3) Strands
More informationcells divide? Growth Development Repair Asexual reproduction Formation of gametes
mitosis and meiosis cells divide? Growth Development Repair Asexual reproduction Formation of gametes How does a cell know when to divide? the cell cycle A repeating process of cell growth and division
More informationNOTES- CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION
NOTES- CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES AND CELL REPRODUCTION Section I Chromosomes Formation of New Cells by Cell Division New cells are formed when old cells divide. 1. Cell division is the same as cell reproduction.
More informationMutations. Before You Read. What is a gene mutation? Are mutations harmful?
Mutations Textbook pages 136 145 Section 4.2 Summary Before You Read What do you think of when you read or hear the word mutation? Is mutation always harmful? Is mutation always helpful? Record your thoughts
More informationMutations Quick Questions and Notes (#1) QQ#1: What do you know about mutations?
Mutations Quick Questions and Notes (#1) QQ#1: What do you know about mutations? mutation basics Definition: a change in the genetic material of a cell Note: not all mutations are bad Can occur in 2 types
More informationIntroduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics Table of contents Chromosome DNA Protein synthesis Mutation Genetic disorder Relationship between genes and cancer Genetic testing Technical concern 2 All living organisms consist
More informationThe bases on complementary strands of DNA bond with each other in a specific way A-T and G-C
1 Bio 1101 Lecture 6 Ch. 8: Cellular Basis of Reproduction 2 3 4 5 6 Cellular Basis of Reproduction & Inheritance In order for an organism to replace dead cells or to grow and produce new cells, existing
More informationGenes are found on Chromosomes! Genes are found on Chromosomes! I. Types of Mutations
Genes are found on Chromosomes! genes and chromosomes are made up of DNA, which is the genetic material for all life on earth genes are found on a specific region on a chromosome; called a locus (loci)
More informationUnit 5 Review Name: Period:
Unit 5 Review Name: Period: 1 4 5 6 7 & give an example of the following. Be able to apply their meanings: Homozygous Heterozygous Dominant Recessive Genotype Phenotype Haploid Diploid Sex chromosomes
More informationChapter 10 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
Chapter 10 Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction Chromosomes Organisms grow by dividing of cells Binary Fission form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring (Bacteria) Eukaryotes have two
More informationThe bases on complementary strands of DNA bond with each other in a specific way A-T and G-C
1 Bio 1101 Lecture 6 (Guided Notes) Ch. 8: Cellular Basis of Reproduction 2 3 4 5 6 Cellular Basis of Reproduction & Inheritance In order for an organism to replace dead cells or to grow and produce new
More informationHuman Genetic Disorders
Human Genetic Disorders HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES Human somatic cells have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes 23 are inherited from the mother and 23 from the father HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES Autosomes o Are
More informationExtra Review Practice Biology Test Genetics
Mendel fill in the blanks: Extra Review Practice Biology Test Genetics Mendel was an Austrian monk who studied genetics primarily using plants. He started with plants that produced offspring with only
More informationB. male gametes that may be carried by the wind
1. Which characteristic of sexual reproduction has specifically favored the survival of animals that live on land? A. fusion of gametes in the outside environment B. male gametes that may be carried by
More informationThe Molecular Evolution of Gene Birth and Death. Author: Ann Brokaw AP Biology Teacher Rocky River High School Rocky River, Ohio
The Molecular Evolution of Gene Birth and Death Author: Ann Brokaw AP Biology Teacher Rocky River High School Rocky River, Ohio The Birth and Death of Genes To the student: The following slides provide
More informationLesson Overview Human Chromosomes
Lesson Overview 14.1 Human Chromosomes Human Genome To find what makes us uniquely human, we have to explore the human genome, which is the full set of genetic information carried in our DNA. This DNA
More informationGenetic Variation Junior Science
2018 Version Genetic Variation Junior Science http://img.publishthis.com/images/bookmarkimages/2015/05/d/5/c/d5cf017fb4f7e46e1c21b874472ea7d1_bookmarkimage_620x480_xlarge_original_1.jpg Sexual Reproduction
More informationUnit 5: Genetics Notes
Unit 5: Genetics Notes https://goo.gl/fgtzef Name: Period: Test Date: Table of Contents Title of Page Page Number Date Warm-ups 3-4 Mendelian Genetics Notes 5-6 Mendelian Genetics Lets Practice 7 Monohybrid
More informationTEST NAME:review TEST ID: GRADE:07 Seventh Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom
TEST NAME:review TEST ID:1070005 GRADE:07 Seventh Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom review Page 1 of 18 Student: Class: Date: 1. There are four blood types: A, B, AB,
More informationGENETICS NOTES. Chapters 12, 13, 14, 15 16
GENETICS NOTES Chapters 12, 13, 14, 15 16 DNA contains the genetic code for the production of PROTEINS. A gene is a segment of DNA, which consists of enough bases to code for many different proteins. The
More informationRNA and Protein Synthesis Guided Notes
RNA and Protein Synthesis Guided Notes is responsible for controlling the production of in the cell, which is essential to life! o DNARNAProteins contain several thousand, each with directions to make
More informationGuided Reading and Study. Definition a. The scientific study of heredity. b. Physical characteristics
Genetics: The Science of Heredity Mendel's Work Guided Reading and Study This section describes how Gregor Mendel identified the method by which characteristics are passed from parents to their offspring.
More informationMUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS. (Start your clickers)
MUTATIONS, MUTAGENESIS, AND CARCINOGENESIS (Start your clickers) How do mutations arise? And how do they affect a cell and its organism? Mutations: heritable changes in genes Mutations occur in DNA But
More informationHuman Inheritance. Use Target Reading Skills. Patterns of Human Inheritance. Modern Genetics Guided Reading and Study
Human Inheritance This section explains some patterns of inheritance in humans. It also describes the functions of the sex chromosomes and the relationship between genes and the environment. Use Target
More informationIntroduction to genetic variation. He Zhang Bioinformatics Core Facility 6/22/2016
Introduction to genetic variation He Zhang Bioinformatics Core Facility 6/22/2016 Outline Basic concepts of genetic variation Genetic variation in human populations Variation and genetic disorders Databases
More informationProteins. Length of protein varies from thousands of amino acids to only a few insulin only 51 amino acids
Proteins Protein carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and often sulphur Length of protein varies from thousands of amino acids to only a few insulin only 51 amino acids During protein synthesis, amino acids
More informationStructural Variation and Medical Genomics
Structural Variation and Medical Genomics Andrew King Department of Biomedical Informatics July 8, 2014 You already know about small scale genetic mutations Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) Deletions,
More informationEOG Practice:,Evolution & Genetics [126663]
EOG Practice:,Evolution & Genetics [126663] Student Class Date 1. A particular peach tree produces peaches that are more resistant to disease than other peaches. What method would reproduce these EXACT
More informationGenetic Disorders. and. blood vessels the and. How many genes are affected by this deletion? Turner s Syndrome- An incomplete or missing chromosome
Genetic Disorders A genetic disorder is an abnormality in the. They can range for a deletion of a gene to the deletion of an entire chromosome. List the types of genetic disorders. Williams Syndrome- A
More informationAnswers to Practice Items
nswers to Practice Items Question 1 TEKS 6E In this sequence, two extra G bases appear in the middle of the sequence (after the fifth base of the original). This represents an insertion. In this sequence,
More informationAS90163 Biology Describe the transfer of genetic information Part 1 - DNA structure & Cell division
AS90163 Biology Describe the transfer of genetic information Part 1 - DNA structure & Cell division This achievement standard involves the description of the transfer of genetic information. Achievement
More informationLesson 4A Chromosome, DNA & Gene
Lesson 4A Chromosome, DNA & Gene Chromosome, Gene and DNA Chromosome: A thread-like structure made mostly of DNA Found in the nucleus Chromosome, Gene and DNA DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid Materials found
More informationCentral Dogma. Central Dogma. Translation (mrna -> protein)
Central Dogma Central Dogma Translation (mrna -> protein) mrna code for amino acids 1. Codons as Triplet code 2. Redundancy 3. Open reading frames 4. Start and stop codons 5. Mistakes in translation 6.
More informationGenetics. the of an organism. The traits of that organism can then be passed on to, on
Genetics DNA contains the genetic code for the production of. A gene is a segment of DNA, which consists of enough bases to code for many different proteins. The specific proteins produced by a gene determine
More informationFigure 1: Transmission of Wing Shape & Body Color Alleles: F0 Mating. Figure 1.1: Transmission of Wing Shape & Body Color Alleles: Expected F1 Outcome
I. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance As early cytologists worked out the mechanism of cell division in the late 1800 s, they began to notice similarities in the behavior of BOTH chromosomes & Mendel s
More informationMutations. New inherited traits, or mutations, may appear in a strain of plant or animal.
Genetic Mutations Mutations New inherited traits, or mutations, may appear in a strain of plant or animal. The first individual showing the new trait is called a mutant. 2 Types of Mutations Chromosomal
More informationPrentice Hall. Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6th Edition (Campbell, et al) High School
Prentice Hall Biology: Concepts and Connections, 6th Edition (Campbell, et al) 2009 High School C O R R E L A T E D T O Biology I Students should understand that scientific knowledge is gained from observation
More informationCell Division and Inheritance Revision 7
Cell Division and Inheritance Revision 7 65 minutes 65 marks Page of 20 Q. Cystic fibrosis is a disease which affects in 600 babies. (a) What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis? (3) Two parents with normal
More informationThe Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions
More informationUntitled Document. A. The foxes will eat more wolves. B. The foxes will eat fewer wolves.
Name: Date: 1. The picture below shows an energy pyramid. What will most likely happen to the foxes and the wolves if the rabbits are removed? A. The foxes will eat more wolves. B. The foxes will eat fewer
More informationNCEA Science 1.9 Genetic Variation AS 90948
NCEA Science 1.9 Genetic Variation AS 90948 Achievement Criteria Biological ideas relating to genetic variation are limited to concepts and processes connected with: the continuity of life based on the
More information5 3 Mutations.notebook April 10, 2017
Mutations Lesson 3 Mar 14 4:21 PM How can mutations affect an organism? How is cancer related to mutations and the cell cycle? Mar 14 4:22 PM 1 I. How can mutations affect an organism? A. Some traits are
More informationGenetics. by their offspring. The study of the inheritance of traits is called.
Genetics DNA contains the genetic code for the production of. A gene is a part of DNA, which has enough bases to make for many different proteins. These specific proteins made by a gene decide the of an
More information4. Which of the following cell parts can be found in human cells, but not plant cells? A. mitochondria B. chloroplast C. centrioles D.
http://chss.sd57.bc.ca/~spearce/science_9/practice%20tests/reproductionpracticetest.htm Sc.9 Biology Practise Test 1. Single-celled organisms use cell division for growth. 2. Chromosomes are made of two
More informationModeling Chromosome Inheritance
Task 2 Modeling Chromosome Inheritance In this task, you will model chromosome inheritance from parent to offspring for the species you created in task 1. You will use the genotypes you developed for the
More informationState the number of chromosomes which would be present in the cells labelled A, Band C.
M N&ll!Iif..t _ class lviarks DO NOT WRITE IN TIllS MARGIN. The diagram below represents stages in the production of human sperm. (a) Name the type of cell division that produces sex cells. (b) State the
More informationSection Objectives: Pedigrees illustrate inheritance. Pedigrees illustrate inheritance
What You ll Learn You will compare the inheritance of recessive and dominant traits in humans. You will analyze the inheritance patterns of traits with incomplete dominance and codominance. You will determine
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.15 - CHROMOSOMAL THEORY OF INHERITANCE
!! www.clutchprep.com Chromosomal theory of inheritance: chromosomes are the carriers of genetic material. Independent Assortment alleles for different characters sort independently of each other during
More informationHeredity and Genetics (8%)
I. Basic Vocabulary a. G Phase Heredity and Genetics (8%) M G2 i. Chromosomes: Threadlike linear strands of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carry the genes and functions
More informationGenetic information flows from mrna to protein through the process of translation
Genetic information flows from mrn to protein through the process of translation TYPES OF RN (RIBONUCLEIC CID) RN s job - protein synthesis (assembly of amino acids into proteins) Three main types: 1.
More informationChromosomes and Human Inheritance. Chapter 11
Chromosomes and Human Inheritance Chapter 11 11.1 Human Chromosomes Human body cells have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes 22 pairs of autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes
More informationHow do living things Sexually Reproduce?
How do living things Sexually Reproduce? Besides animals, what other things reproduce sexually? Think of a family that has both biological parents and has 2 or more children #1 Consider what the parents
More informationNOTES: : HUMAN HEREDITY
NOTES: 14.1-14.2: HUMAN HEREDITY Human Genes: The human genome is the complete set of genetic information -it determines characteristics such as eye color and how proteins function within cells Recessive
More informationMEIOSIS: Genetic Variation / Mistakes in Meiosis. (Sections 11-3,11-4;)
MEIOSIS: Genetic Variation / Mistakes in Meiosis (Sections 11-3,11-4;) RECALL: Mitosis and Meiosis differ in several key ways: MITOSIS: MEIOSIS: 1 round of cell division 2 rounds of cell division Produces
More informationThe Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
More informationThe Living Environment Unit 3 Genetics Unit 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity-class key. Name: Class key. Period:
Name: Class key Period: Chapter 11 assignments Pages/Sections Date Assigned Date Due Topic: Recessive Genetic Disorders Objective: Describe some recessive human genetic disorders. _recessive_ alleles are
More informationGenes and Genetic Diseases. Gene: Is a fundamental unit of information storage.
GENETIC DISORDERS Genes and Genetic Diseases Gene: Is a fundamental unit of information storage. Genes determine the type of proteins and enzymes that are made by the cell. Genes control inheritance and
More informationChapter 15 Notes 15.1: Mendelian inheritance chromosome theory of inheritance wild type 15.2: Sex-linked genes
Chapter 15 Notes The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Mendel s hereditary factors were genes, though this wasn t known at the time Now we know that genes are located on The location of a particular gene
More informationA. Incorrect! Cells contain the units of genetic they are not the unit of heredity.
MCAT Biology Problem Drill PS07: Mendelian Genetics Question No. 1 of 10 Question 1. The smallest unit of heredity is. Question #01 (A) Cell (B) Gene (C) Chromosome (D) Allele Cells contain the units of
More informationVariations in Chromosome Structure & Function. Ch. 8
Variations in Chromosome Structure & Function Ch. 8 1 INTRODUCTION! Genetic variation refers to differences between members of the same species or those of different species Allelic variations are due
More information2.1 The Importance of Cell Division
2.1 The Importance of Cell Division Functions of cell division Growth Repair Reproduction Growth All organisms begin as a single cell. Cell divisions will increase as an organism s size increases. There
More informationGenetics Test Review
Name: Period: Heterozygous a genotype with 2 different alleles ex:(a) Homozygous a genotype with 2 of the same alleles ex:(, or aa) Dominant lleles that are expressed more often and can cover up another
More informationGenetic Disorders. PART ONE: Detecting Genetic Disorders. Amniocentesis Chorionic villus sampling Karyotype Triple Screen Blood Test
Genetic Disorders PART ONE: Detecting Genetic Disorders Amniocentesis Chorionic villus sampling Karyotype Triple Screen Blood Test Amniocentesis A technique for determining genetic abnormalities in a fetus
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS-Please type your awesome answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What is an X-linked inheritance pattern? Use a specific example to explain the role of the father and mother in
More information3. c.* Students know how to predict the probable mode of inheritance from a pedigree diagram showing phenotypes.
3. A multicellular organism develops from a single zygote, and its phenotype depends on its genotype, which is established at fertilization. As a basis for understanding this concept: 3a. Students know
More informationFriday, January 4. Bell Work:
Friday, January 4 Bell Work: Red green colorblindness is an X linked trait and is recessive. A male who is normal marries a woman who is a carrier, what is the phenotypic ratio of their offspring? 1 Genetic
More informationHuman inherited diseases
Human inherited diseases A genetic disorder that is caused by abnormality in an individual's DNA. Abnormalities can range from small mutation in a single gene to the addition or subtraction of a whole
More informationChromosome Mutations
Chromosome Mutations Variation in Chromosome Number Euploidy: having full sets of chromosomes Haploid Diploid Triploid Aneuploidy: having anything other than full sets of chromosomes Monosomy Trisomy Variation
More informationHuman Genetics Notes:
Human Genetics Notes: Human Chromosomes Cell biologists analyze chromosomes by looking at. Cells are during mitosis. Scientists then cut out the chromosomes from the and group them together in pairs. A
More informationMeiosis and Genetics
Meiosis and Genetics Humans have chromosomes in each cell What pattern do you notice in the human karyotype (a technique that organizes chromosomes by type and size)? Humans are diploid 1 Gametes are produced
More informationChromosome Structure & Recombination
Chromosome Structure & Recombination (CHAPTER 8- Brooker Text) April 4 & 9, 2007 BIO 184 Dr. Tom Peavy Genetic variation refers to differences between members of the same species or those of different
More informationBIO113 Exam 2 Ch 4, 10, 13
BIO113 Exam 2 Ch 4, 10, 13 See course outline for specific reading assignments Study notes and focus on terms and concepts The images in the textbook are useful CELLS (pg. 37) The basic unit of life living
More informationChapter 11. Chromosomes and Human Inheritance
Chapter 11 Chromosomes and Human Inheritance Human Chromosomes Human body cells have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes 22 pairs of autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes Autosomesand Sex Chromosomes Paired
More information