(Intra)cellular therapies using magnetic and/or plasmonic nanoparticles : from thermal cancer treatments to tissue engineering and biotransformations

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1 (Intra)cellular therapies using magnetic and/or plasmonic nanoparticles : from thermal cancer treatments to tissue engineering and biotransformations

2 Remote activation (light, magnetism, radiation) : Towards temporal and spatial control of the therapeutic action Nano-Magnetism & Nano-Plasmonics at the heart of Nano-Bio-Medicine "on-demand" & "at a distance" therapies PHENIX, Paris 6, Christine Ménager Ali Abou-Hassan IIT Genova, Teresa Pellegrino biomagune, Javier Reguera Luis Liz-Marzán Thank you!

3 1 Thermal therapies In situ measurements of therapeutic efficiency 2 Thermal therapies Combined (synergistic) nano-therapies 3 4 Tissue Engineering Magnetic approaches to tissue mechanics, stimulation & engineering Nano-Bio-Degradation in tissues multiscale nanometrologies to track the nano-bio-fate

efficiency, thanks to innovative designs

4 THERMAL NANO-THERAPIES : CURRENT RESEARCH = to optimize heating efficiency, thanks to innovative designs SIZE, MAGNETISATION and ANISOTROPY of magnetic nanoparticles govern their heating capacities SIZE, DESIGN and PLASMON BAND of gold nanoparticles govern their heating capacities heating power (W/g) heating power (W/g) 808 nm size (nm) size (nm)! MEASURE of heating efficiency : in AQUEOUS DISPERSION

5 BUT THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES endosomes nucleus! MEASURE of heating efficiency : in AQUEOUS DISPERSION

6 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES nucleus endosomes 1 µm 100 nm

7 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES MAGNETIC NANOCUBES nucleus endosomes 1 µm 100 nm

8 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES MAGNETIC NANODIMERS nucleus endosomes 1 µm 100 nm

9 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES MAGNETIC NANOFLOWERS nucleus endosomes 1 µm 100 nm

10 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES GOLD NANOSTARS (small) endosome nucleus 1 µm 100 nm

11 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES GOLD NANOSTARS (medium) nucleus endosome 1 µm 100 nm

12 THERAPEUTIC TARGET = CANCER CELL & NANOPARTICLES ARE INTERNALIZED BY CANCER CELLS AND DELIVERED TO ENDOSOMES GOLD NANOSTARS (large) endosome nucleus 1 µm 100 nm

13 THERMAL THERAPIES EFFICIENCY INSIDE CANCER CELLS?

14 heating power SLP (W/g) MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS? DT ( C) 20 MAGHEMITE NANOPARTICLES MAGHEMITE / Au NANODIMERS MAGNETITE NANOCUBES DT ( C) SUSP CELLS SUSP CELLS SUSP CELLS COBALT FERRITE NANOPARTICLES MAGHEMITE NANOFLOWERS [Fe]=25mM SUSP CELLS aqueous suspension inside cells SUSP CELLS 700 khz 24 mt NEEL relaxation BROWN relaxation Magnetic hyperthermia efficiency in the cellular environment for different nanoparticle designs. Di Corato R, Espinosa A, Lartigue L, Tharaud M, Chat S, Pellegrino T, Ménager C, Gazeau F, Wilhelm C Biomaterials 24, (2014)

150 nm 85 nm 25 nm SLP (W/g) 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm PHOTOTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS?

10 7500 5000 5 2500 DT( C) 0 LASER SIZE 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 25 nm 680 nm 808 nm

nm 1064 nm 150 nm 0 Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their

15 150 nm 85 nm 25 nm SLP (W/g) 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm PHOTOTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS? 1. Measurements in aqueous dispersion 50 nm 25 DT( C) SLP(W/g) DT ( C) DT( C) 0 LASER SIZE 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 25 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 55 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 85 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 120 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 150 nm 0 Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their photothermal efficiency in vitro and in vivo: towards a plasmonic thermal fingerprint in tumoral environment. Advanced HealthCare Materials 5, (2016) Espinosa A, Silva AKA, Sánchez A, Grzelczak M, Péchoux C, Desboeufs K, Liz-Marzan L, Wilhelm C.

10000 DT ( C) 15 10 7500 5000 5 2500 DT( C) 0 LASER SIZE 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 25 nm

680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 150 nm 0 Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts

16 150 nm 85 nm 25 nm SLP (W/g) 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm PHOTOTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS? 2. Measurements on internalized nanostars 25 nm 85 nm 150 nm 25 DT( C) SLP(W/g) DT ( C) DT( C) 0 LASER SIZE 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 25 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 55 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 85 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 120 nm 680 nm 808 nm 1064 nm 150 nm 0 Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their photothermal efficiency in vitro and in vivo: towards a plasmonic thermal fingerprint in tumoral environment. Advanced HealthCare Materials 5, (2016) Espinosa A, Silva AKA, Sánchez A, Grzelczak M, Péchoux C, Desboeufs K, Liz-Marzan L, Wilhelm C.

injection Day 3 after injection Cancer cell

photothermal efficiency in vitro and in vivo: towards

17 PHOTOTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS? 3. Measurements in vivo inside tumors Day 0 after injection Day 3 after injection Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their photothermal efficiency in vitro and in vivo: towards a plasmonic thermal fingerprint in tumoral environment. Advanced HealthCare Materials 5, (2016) Espinosa A, Silva AKA, Sánchez A, Grzelczak M, Péchoux C, Desboeufs K, Liz-Marzan L, Wilhelm C.

Nanostars internalized 1 µm inside cancer cells 1 µm Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their photothermal

18 PHOTOTHERMIA INSIDE CANCER CELLS? 3. Measurements in vivo inside tumors Day 0 after injection Day 3 after injection Nanostars dispersed within the extracellular matrix Nanostars internalized 1 µm inside cancer cells 1 µm Cancer cell internalisation of gold nanostars impacts their photothermal efficiency in vitro and in vivo: towards a plasmonic thermal fingerprint in tumoral environment. Advanced HealthCare Materials 5, (2016) Espinosa A, Silva AKA, Sánchez A, Grzelczak M, Péchoux C, Desboeufs K, Liz-Marzan L, Wilhelm C.

heating power (W/g) In situ measurements in the

(thermal) fingerprints of therapeutic efficacy

internalization by cancer cells impact their

iron oxide nanoparticles : Systematic decrease

internalization can either increase or decrease

19 heating power (W/g) In situ measurements in the biological target environment: physical (thermal) fingerprints of therapeutic efficacy heating power (W/g) Nanoparticles internalization by cancer cells impact their heating efficiency MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA with iron oxide nanoparticles : Systematic decrease after cell internalization; more pronounced for Brown relaxation. PHOTOTHERMIA with gold nanoparticles : Cell internalization can either increase or decrease photothermal efficiency depending on size and laser excitation 900 khz aqueous dispersion inside cells 1064 nm

20 1 In situ measurements of therapeutic efficiency 2 Combined nano-therapies 3 Magnetic tissue engineering 4 Nano-Bio-Degradation in tissues

COMBINED THERMAL NANO-THERAPIES strategy 1 = Magneto-Plasmonic NANOHYBRID Fe+Au

PHOTOTHERMIA Gold nanoparticles 30 nm CURRENT CHALLENGE FACING THERMAL

nanohybrids efficiently combine photothermia with magnetic hyperthermia?

21 COMBINED THERMAL NANO-THERAPIES strategy 1 = Magneto-Plasmonic NANOHYBRID Fe+Au +? MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA Iron oxide nanoparticles SEED AND GROWTH + = DT? PHOTOTHERMIA Gold nanoparticles 30 nm CURRENT CHALLENGE FACING THERMAL THERAPIES : INCREASE THE HEATING / DECREASE THE DOSE Can magneto-plasmonic nanohybrids efficiently combine photothermia with magnetic hyperthermia? Espinosa A, Bugnet M, Radtke G, Neveu S, Botton GA, Wilhelm C, Abou-Hassan A. Nanoscale, 7, (2015)

25 2200 W/g Fe DT ( C) Can magneto-plasmonic nanohybrids efficiently combine photothermia with magnetic

22 COMBINED THERMAL NANO-THERAPIES strategy 1 = Magneto-Plasmonic NANOHYBRID Fe+Au MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA PHOTOTHERMIA 30 nm MAGNETO-PHOTO- THERMIA DT = 6 C DT = 11 C DT = 17 C heating power 800 W/g Fe W/g Fe DT ( C) Can magneto-plasmonic nanohybrids efficiently combine photothermia with magnetic hyperthermia? Espinosa A, Bugnet M, Radtke G, Neveu S, Botton GA, Wilhelm C, Abou-Hassan A. Nanoscale, 7, (2015)

DT ( C) Absorbance MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY?

3 W/cm² [Fe] (mm) MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA only Heating power SLP (W/g Fe ) MAGNETO-PHOTO

Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal

23 DT ( C) Absorbance MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only 808 nm MAGNETITE Nanocubes 808 nm 0.3 W/cm² [Fe] (mm) MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA only Heating power SLP (W/g Fe ) MAGNETO-PHOTO -THERMIA [Fe] (mm) Power (W/cm²) Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

CELLS in dispersion in cells 900 khz 25 mt Laser restores

Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy:

24 MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only Measurements in CELLS in dispersion in cells 900 khz 25 mt Laser restores maximal MHT heating efficiency in cellulo Power (W/cm²) 1 µm Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only TREATMENT in

PHOTOTHERMIA DUAL 10 min 25 30 35 40 45 50 DT ( C) Duality

Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic

25 MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only TREATMENT in TUMORS : CUMULATIVE HEATING MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA PHOTOTHERMIA DUAL 10 min DT ( C) Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

26 MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only TREATMENT in TUMORS: TUMOR REGRESSION / ABLATION MAGNETIC HYPERTHERMIA PHOTOTHERMIA DUAL CONTROL Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

27 MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only TREATMENT in TUMORS: TUMOR REGRESSION / ABLATION complete tumor eradication CONTROL (no injection, no hyperthermia) DUAL Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

28 MAGNETO-PHOTO-THERMIA AS AN EFFICIENT BIOMODAL CANCER THERAPY? strategy 2 = Iron oxide nanoparticles only TREATMENT in TUMORS: MASSIVE DAMAGES TO THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX organized collagen fibers denatured collagen fibers 1 µm CONTROL (no injection, no hyperthermia) DUAL Duality of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: Amplification of Heating Efficiency by Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermal Bimodal Treatment. ACS nano, 10, (2016) Espinosa A, Di Corato R, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Flaud P, Pellegrino T, Wilhelm C.

29 INTRACELLULAR NANOPARTICLES : - Import inside the cells their (multiple) functions = COMBINED THERAPIES - BUT internalization can impact their thermal efficiency = IN SITU MEASUREMENTS

30 INTRACELLULAR NANOPARTICLES : Provide the cells with sufficient magnetization to manipulate single cells MAGNETIC CELL 0.1 mm MICRO-MAGNET 1 µm

31 1 In situ measurements of therapeutic efficiency 2 Combined nano-therapies 3 Magnetic tissue engineering 4 Nano-Bio-Degradation in tissues

32 MAGNETIC CELLS MANIPULATION FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING Magnetic cells aggregation 200 µm 500 µm Various shapes and sizes MICRO-MAGNET to build TISSUES MAGNETIC TISSUE ENGINEERING 500 µm Advanced Materials (2013) Patent WO (2013)

million cells 1 million cells No improvement compared

2 mm 1 mm Magnetic forces promote stem cell

33 Aggregation by centrifugation 0.25 million cells MAGNETIC CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING Magnetic aggregation 0.25 million cells LIMIT : aggregate size 1 mm mm 1 million cells 1 million cells No improvement compared to centrifugation 0.2 mm 1 mm Magnetic forces promote stem cell differentiation, aggregates fusion and tissue building. Fayol D, Frasca G, Le Visage C, Gazeau F, Luciani N, Wilhelm C. Advanced Materials, 25, 2611 (2013)

34 magnetic line MAGNETIC CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING 1 million cells LIMIT : aggregate size 2mm 1 million 2mm 3 days 2mm Magnetic forces promote stem cell differentiation, aggregates fusion and tissue building. Fayol D, Frasca G, Le Visage C, Gazeau F, Luciani N, Wilhelm C. Advanced Materials, 25, 2611 (2013)

TISSUE-ROD SELF-BENDING : Shape transition was triggered by the initially non-homogeneous cell compaction Magnetic engineering of stable rod-shaped stem cell

35 TISSUE-ROD SELF-BENDING : Shape transition was triggered by the initially non-homogeneous cell compaction Magnetic engineering of stable rod-shaped stem cell aggregates: circumventing the pitfall of self-bending. Fayol D, Du V, Reffay M, Luciani N, Bacri J-C, Gay C, Wilhelm C. Integrative Biology, 7, (2015)

36 MAGNETIC CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING Sequential formation of 3D thick cartilage tissues 1mm 1mm Patent. Methods for aggregation and differentiation of magnetized stem cells. WO (2013) 500 µm Magnetic forces promote stem cell differentiation, aggregates fusion and tissue building. Fayol D, Frasca G, Le Visage C, Gazeau F, Luciani N, Wilhelm C. Advanced Materials, 25, 2611 (2013)

37 1. Magnetic molding : SIZE CONTROL MAGNETIC SPHEROIDS IN BIOPHYSICS 2. Magnetic supergravity to flatten the spheroids and retrieve the surface tension 500 µm 18 mn/m MAGNET 100 g Magnetic flattening of stem-cell spheroids indicates a size-dependent elastocapillary transition. Mazuel F, Reffay M, Du V, Bacri J-C, Rieu J-P, Wilhelm C. Phys Rev Lett, 114, (2015).

38 MAGNETIC approaches to tissue engineering and manipulation, in which magnetic forces are created intracellularly on internalized magnetic nanoparticles and used to manipulate single cells within a 3D construct, allow producing 3D organized artificial tissues with an inherent capacity for further physical stimulation

39 1 In situ measurements of therapeutic efficiency 2 Combined nano-therapies 3 Magnetic tissue engineering 4 Nano-Bio-Degradation in tissues

degradation of nanoparticles in tissue environments SPHEROIDS: A

40 REMAINING ISSUE : WHAT IS THE TISSULAR FATE OF THE NANOPARTICLES? Quantitative, multiscale nanometrologies to track the transformation degradation of nanoparticles in tissue environments SPHEROIDS: A tissue model composed of stem cells harboring nanoparticles collagen fibers

Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels.

41 Multicellular spheroids to monitor (intra)cellular nano-transformations during tissue maturation A viable tissue in culture for months one month one month Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

Multicellular spheroids to monitor (intra)cellular nano-transformations during tissue maturation one month Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically

42 Multicellular spheroids to monitor (intra)cellular nano-transformations during tissue maturation one month Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

Magnetic quantitative signature of (intra)cellular nano-transformations at the tissue scale M spheroid (10-8 Am²) 3 2 1 0-1 -2-3 day 0 day 3 day 9 day 25

(ICP-MS) 0 10 20 30 40 days total iron magnetic iron Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome

43 Magnetic quantitative signature of (intra)cellular nano-transformations at the tissue scale M spheroid (10-8 Am²) day 0 day 3 day 9 day 25 Magnetometer 0,1 (VSM) magnetic field (Oe) m Fe / spheroid (µg) 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 Iron oxide nanoparticles Element analysis (ICP-MS) days total iron magnetic iron Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

44 Nanoscale signature of (intra)cellular nano-transformations day 0 day 25 1 µm Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

m Fe /endo (fg) Intra-ENDOSOMAL degradation magnetic purification of nanoparticles-loaded endosomes V m Fe /endo Day 0 Day 3 Day 9 Day 25 days Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide

45 m Fe /endo (fg) Intra-ENDOSOMAL degradation magnetic purification of nanoparticles-loaded endosomes V m Fe /endo Day 0 Day 3 Day 9 Day 25 days Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

46 gene expression Biological monitoring of iron homeostasis control (no NPs) with NPs Only Ferritin Light chain (iron binding and nucleation of the iron core) and Ferroportin (iron transport from the inside to the outside) are slightly overexpressed. Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

47 A model to be used with any magnetic nanoparticles Nanocubes or Nanodimers as shape or composition probes to monitor their degradation at the nanoscale within the tissue Day 0 Day 25 Day 0 Day 25 Massive Intracellular Biodegradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Evidenced Magnetically at Single Endosome and Tissue Levels. Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Luciani N, Michel A, Le Borgne R, Desboeufs K, Motte L, Pellegrino T, Reffay M, Lalatonne Y, Wilhelm C. ACS nano, 10, (2016).

degradation 80% 60% MagNP 20 nm cellular iron

MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3 Fe Au Day 0 (in cells)

MagNP MagPlasNP1 MagPlasNP2 MagPlasNP3 Day 25

Effect of Gold. Adv Funct Mat, 27, 1605997 (2017).

48 A model to be used with any magnetic nanoparticles Gold can serve as a shield to prevent iron degradation 80% 60% MagNP 20 nm cellular iron degradation (27 days) MagPlasNP-2 50 nm MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3 Fe Au Day 0 (in cells) MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-2 MagPlasNP-3 Fe Au 40% 20% MagNP MagPlasNP1 MagPlasNP2 MagPlasNP3 Day 25 Magneto-Thermal Metrics Can Mirror the Long-Term Intracellular Fate of Magneto-Plasmonic Nanohybrids and Reveal the Remarkable Shielding Effect of Gold. Adv Funct Mat, 27, (2017). Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Radtke G, Bugnet M, Neveu S, Lalatonne Y, Botton GA, Abou-Hassan A, Wilhelm C.

A model to be used with any magnetic nanoparticles Gold can serve as a shield to prevent iron degradation MagNP MagPlasNP-2 80% 20 nm cellular iron degradation (27 days) 50 nm MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3

49 A model to be used with any magnetic nanoparticles Gold can serve as a shield to prevent iron degradation MagNP MagPlasNP-2 80% 20 nm cellular iron degradation (27 days) 50 nm MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3 60% 40% 20% MagNP MagPlasNP1 MagPlasNP2 MagPlasNP3 Magneto-Thermal Metrics Can Mirror the Long-Term Intracellular Fate of Magneto-Plasmonic Nanohybrids and Reveal the Remarkable Shielding Effect of Gold. Adv Funct Mat, 27, (2017). Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Radtke G, Bugnet M, Neveu S, Lalatonne Y, Botton GA, Abou-Hassan A, Wilhelm C.

cellular iron degradation (27 days) 50 nm MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3 60% 40% 20% MagNP MagPlasNP1

Magneto-Plasmonic Nanohybrids and Reveal the Remarkable Shielding Effect of Gold.

50 A model to be used with any magnetic nanoparticles Gold can serve as a shield to prevent iron degradation MagNP MagPlasNP-2 Magneto-Thermal Metrics to monitor biodegradation in situ 80% 20 nm cellular iron degradation (27 days) 50 nm MagPlasNP-1 MagPlasNP-3 60% 40% 20% MagNP MagPlasNP1 MagPlasNP2 MagPlasNP3 Magneto-Thermal Metrics Can Mirror the Long-Term Intracellular Fate of Magneto-Plasmonic Nanohybrids and Reveal the Remarkable Shielding Effect of Gold. Adv Funct Mat, 27, (2017). Mazuel F, Espinosa A, Radtke G, Bugnet M, Neveu S, Lalatonne Y, Botton GA, Abou-Hassan A, Wilhelm C.

One take-home message INTRACELLULAR NANOPARTICLES Nanomaterials import inside the cells their (multiple) functions : COMBINED THERAPY / MAGNETIC TISSUE

51 One take-home message INTRACELLULAR NANOPARTICLES Nanomaterials import inside the cells their (multiple) functions : COMBINED THERAPY / MAGNETIC TISSUE ENGINEERING BUT internalization can impact their (thermal) therapeutic efficiency: IN SITU MEASUREMENTS AND they can experience massive INTRACELLULAR LYSOSOMAL DEGRADATION

Christine Ménager Aude Michel IIT, Genova,

52 MSC UMR 7057, CNRS & University Paris Diderot 7 Nathalie Luciani, Myriam Reffay, Amanda Silva Ana Espinosa, Riccardo Di Corato, Alberto Curcio, Sophie Richard, Aurore Van de Walle; postdocs; Anouchka Plan, Gaetan Mary, phd students; François Mazuel, phd 2016; Vicard Du, phd 2015; Kelly Aubertin, phd 2014; Delphine Fayol, phd 2012; Michael Levy, phd 2011; Guillaume Frasca, phd 2010, Damien Robert, phd 2010; COLLABORATORS "in-house" MSC, Paris 7 Florence Gazeau, Cyprien Gay, Jean-Claude Bacri PHENIX, Paris 6 Ali Abou-Hassan Sophie Neveu PHENIX, Paris 6 Christine Ménager Aude Michel IIT, Genova, Teresa Pellegrino CIC biomagune, San Sebastian Luis Liz-Marzán Javier Reguera

ENHANCED NIR RADIATION-TRIGGERED HYPERTHERMIA BY MITOCHONDRIAL TARGETING

ENHANCED NIR RADIATION-TRIGGERED HYPERTHERMIA BY MITOCHONDRIAL TARGETING J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137, 3017-3023 Tanja Krainz Current Literature December 19, 2015 What is Hyperthermia? Hyperthermia (also